不好

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不好 [2025/08/09 02:12] – created xiaoer不好 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== bùhǎo: 不好 - Not Good, Bad, Awkward ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** bùhǎo, bu hao pinyin, 不好 meaning, how to say not good in Chinese, Chinese for bad, what does buhao mean, buhao vs buhaoyisi, Chinese awkward, expressing negativity in Chinese, HSK 1 vocabulary. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **不好 (bùhǎo)**, which means "not good" or "bad." This guide goes beyond a simple translation, exploring how **不好** is used to describe quality, express that you're not feeling well, and even to convey that a situation is awkward or difficult. Understand the critical difference between **不好 (bùhǎo)** and **不好意思 (bù hǎoyìsi)** to avoid common mistakes and communicate more naturally. This is a foundational word for every beginner learning Mandarin. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** bù hǎo +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Adjective / Adverb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 1 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A direct negation of "good," meaning "not good" or "bad." +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **不好 (bùhǎo)** is one of the most fundamental and versatile negative terms in Mandarin. It's formed by simply placing the negative particle **不 (bù)** before **好 (hǎo)**, "good." At its core, it describes something of poor quality, a negative situation, or a state of being unwell. However, its usage extends to more nuanced situations, like expressing that something is difficult to do or awkward to say, making it an incredibly useful word in daily conversation. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **不 (bù):** This character is the primary negator in Chinese, meaning "not" or "no." It's a simple, foundational character used to make countless words and sentences negative. +
-  * **好 (hǎo):** This character famously depicts a **女 (nǚ)**, a woman, next to a **子 (zǐ)**, a child. Together, they traditionally represent the concept of "goodness," harmony, and completeness. It's the standard word for "good" or "okay." +
-  * When combined, **不好 (bùhǎo)** literally means "not good." The logic is direct and easy for beginners to grasp. It takes the universal concept of "good" and simply negates it. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * In Chinese culture, maintaining social harmony and preserving "face" or **[[面子]] (miànzi)** is often prioritized over blunt, direct communication. **不好 (bùhǎo)** plays a key role in this social dynamic. +
-  * While an American might say, "This movie is terrible!" or "Your idea is awful," a Chinese speaker might opt for a softer, more indirect criticism like, "这个电影**不好**看 (Zhège diànyǐng bù hǎo kàn)" — literally, "This movie is not good to watch." or "你这个想法**不好** (Nǐ zhège xiǎngfǎ bù hǎo)" — "This idea of yours is not good." +
-  * This seemingly mild statement can carry the weight of strong disapproval. Using **不好** instead of a harsher word like **糟糕 (zāogāo - terrible)** or **差 (chà - poor)** allows the speaker to express a negative opinion without causing the other person to lose face. For a learner, it's important to understand that a simple **不好** from a native speaker can be a significant and serious critique. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**不好** is extremely common and used in various contexts: +
-  * **Describing Quality:** This is its most straightforward use, for objects, food, experiences, etc. +
-    * e.g., "This restaurant's food is not good." (这家饭馆的菜**不好**吃。) +
-  * **Describing a State or Condition:** Used for weather, health, or abstract situations. +
-    * e.g., "I'm not feeling well today." (我今天身体**不好**。) +
-    * e.g., "His temper is very bad." (他的脾气很**不好**。) +
-  * **Expressing Difficulty or Inconvenience (不好 + Verb):** This is a key structure that means "hard to..." or "not easy to...". +
-    * e.g., **不好办 (bù hǎo bàn):** Difficult to handle. +
-    * e.g., **不好说 (bù hǎo shuō):** Hard to say; difficult to explain. +
-  * **Expressing Awkwardness to Perform an Action:** Similar to the above, it can mean something is socially awkward or inappropriate to do. +
-    * e.g., "It's awkward for me to ask him directly." (我**不好**直接问他。) This implies it would be inappropriate or uncomfortable, not that it's physically difficult. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 这个苹果看起来不错，但是味道**不好**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège píngguǒ kànqǐlái búcuò, dànshì wèidào **bù hǎo**. +
-    * English: This apple looks nice, but it doesn't taste good. +
-    * Analysis: A simple and direct use of **不好** to describe the quality (taste) of an object. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * A: 你怎么了？脸色很**不好**。 B: 我有点不舒服。 +
-    * Pinyin: A: Nǐ zěnme le? Liǎnsè hěn **bù hǎo**. B: Wǒ yǒudiǎn bù shūfu. +
-    * English: A: What's wrong? You look unwell (your complexion is not good). B: I'm a little uncomfortable. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **不好** is used to describe someone's physical appearance as an indicator of poor health. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 最近天气很**不好**，一直下雨。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zuìjìn tiānqì hěn **bù hǎo**, yīzhí xiàyǔ. +
-    * English: The weather has been very bad lately, it keeps raining. +
-    * Analysis: A common way to describe a situation like the weather. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 他这个人脾气**不好**，你别惹他。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā zhège rén píqì **bù hǎo**, nǐ bié rě tā. +
-    * English: This person has a bad temper, don't provoke him. +
-    * Analysis: **不好** is used to describe an abstract personal trait. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 这个问题很**不好**回答。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège wèntí hěn **bù hǎo** huídá. +
-    * English: This question is very difficult to answer. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates the "不好 + Verb" structure, meaning "hard/difficult to (verb)". It's synonymous with **难回答 (nán huídá)**. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 老板交给我的这个任务很**不好**办。 +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎobǎn jiāogěi wǒ de zhège rènwù hěn **bù hǎo** bàn. +
-    * English: This task the boss gave me is very difficult to handle. +
-    * Analysis: **不好办 (bù hǎo bàn)** is a very common phrase meaning something is tricky or problematic to get done. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 我**不好**意思拒绝他的邀请，但是那天我真的有事。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ **bù hǎo**yìsi jùjué tā de yāoqǐng, dànshì nàtiān wǒ zhēnde yǒushì. +
-    * English: I was too embarrassed to refuse his invitation, but I really had something on that day. +
-    * Analysis: This example uses **不好意思**, which is different. Let's provide a better example for **不好** in an awkward context. +
-  * **Corrected Example 7:** +
-    * 他是我的朋友，我**不好**当着大家的面批评他。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā shì wǒ de péngyǒu, wǒ **bù hǎo** dāngzhe dàjiā de miàn pīpíng tā. +
-    * English: He's my friend, it's not appropriate/it's awkward for me to criticize him in front of everyone. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **不好** means it would be socially awkward or inappropriate to perform the action. It's not about physical difficulty but social propriety. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 在别人背后说坏话是**不好**的习惯。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài biérén bèihòu shuō huàihuà shì **bù hǎo** de xíguàn. +
-    * English: Talking badly about others behind their back is a bad habit. +
-    * Analysis: A clear moral or behavioral judgment. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 因为堵车，我的心情很**不好**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yīnwèi dǔchē, wǒ de xīnqíng hěn **bù hǎo**. +
-    * English: Because of the traffic jam, I'm in a very bad mood. +
-    * Analysis: Used to describe one's emotional state or mood (心情 xīnqíng). +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * A: 我们明天去爬山怎么样？ B: **不好**吧，天气预报说明天有大雨。 +
-    * Pinyin: A: Wǒmen míngtiān qù páshān zěnmeyàng? B: **Bù hǎo** ba, tiānqì yùbào shuō míngtiān yǒu dàyǔ. +
-    * English: A: How about we go hiking tomorrow? B: That's probably not a good idea, the weather forecast says there will be heavy rain tomorrow. +
-    * Analysis: A gentle way to refuse or reject a suggestion. The "吧 (ba)" softens the tone, making it a suggestion rather than a harsh rejection. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most common point of confusion for learners is distinguishing **不好** from similar-sounding or related words. +
-  * **不好 (bù hǎo) vs. 不好意思 (bù hǎoyìsi):** This is the single biggest pitfall. +
-    * **不好** = Not good (a judgment of quality, state, or difficulty). +
-    * **不好意思** = Excuse me / Sorry / Embarrassed (an expression of feeling). +
-    * **Correct:** 这个菜**不好**吃。(This dish is not tasty.) +
-    * **Incorrect:** ~~这个菜不好意思。~~ (This is grammatically wrong and makes no sense.) +
-    * **Correct:** **不好意思**，我来晚了。(Sorry, I'm late.) +
-    * **Incorrect:** ~~不好，我来晚了。~~ (This sounds blunt, like "Bad, I'm late," and lacks the necessary apologetic feeling.) +
-  * **不好 (bù hǎo) vs. 坏 (huài):** +
-    * **不好** is a general "not good." It's often milder and covers quality, skill, or situations. +
-    * **坏 (huài)** is stronger. It can mean "spoiled" (for food), "broken" (for machines), or "evil/wicked" (for people). +
-    * **Example (Quality):** 他的中文**不好**。 (His Chinese is not good.) -> //This is about skill level.// +
-    * **Example (Morality):** 他是个**坏**人。 (He is a bad person.) -> //Here, **坏** implies he is morally corrupt. Using **不好** would be too weak.// +
-    * **Example (Condition):** 苹果**坏**了。(The apple has spoiled/gone bad.) -> //Use **坏** for spoiled food.// +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[好]] (hǎo) - The direct antonym, meaning "good," "okay." +
-  * [[不好意思]] (bù hǎoyìsi) - A crucial related term meaning "sorry" (for minor things), "excuse me," or "to feel shy/embarrassed." +
-  * [[坏]] (huài) - A stronger antonym meaning "bad," "wicked," "spoiled," or "broken." +
-  * [[差]] (chà) - Means "poor" in quality, "lacking," or "inferior." Often used for grades or performance reviews. +
-  * [[糟糕]] (zāogāo) - Means "terrible," "awful," or "what a mess!" Used for situations that have gone completely wrong. +
-  * [[难]] (nán) - Means "difficult." It's often a synonym for **不好** in constructions like **难办 (nán bàn)** or **难看 (nán kàn)**. +
-  * [[面子]] (miànzi) - The cultural concept of "face" or social dignity, which explains why a mild term like **不好** is often used for indirect criticism.+