允许

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允许 [2025/08/10 12:45] – created xiaoer允许 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== yǔnxǔ: 允许 - To Permit, To Allow ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** yunxu, yǔnxǔ, 允许, how to say allow in Chinese, how to say permit in Chinese, permission in Chinese, Chinese word for allow, to grant permission, 可以 vs 允许, 同意 vs 允许, HSK 4 grammar. +
-  * **Summary:** The Chinese verb **允许 (yǔnxǔ)** means "to permit" or "to allow." It's a formal term used when someone with authority (like a parent, boss, or the government) grants official permission. Understanding **yǔnxǔ** is key to navigating formal situations and hierarchical relationships in China, distinguishing it from the more casual "can" or "may" expressed by [[可以]] (kěyǐ). This page will break down its meaning, cultural context, and practical use with clear examples. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** yǔnxǔ +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To grant permission or authorization for something. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Think of **允许 (yǔnxǔ)** as the "official permission" word. It's not a casual "sure, go ahead" between friends. Instead, it implies a power dynamic: a rule is being followed, or someone in a higher position is giving a green light. You'll see it on signs, in company policies, and hear it from parents and teachers. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **允 (yǔn):** This character means "to consent" or "to agree." It depicts a person bowing, signifying agreement or acceptance. +
-  * **许 (xǔ):** This character means "to allow," "to permit," or even "to praise." It's composed of the "speech" radical (言) on the left and a phonetic component (午) on the right. Together, they suggest "giving verbal approval." +
-  * When combined, **允许 (yǔnxǔ)** literally means "to consent and allow." This pairing creates a strong, formal word that emphasizes the act of officially granting permission. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * In Chinese culture, hierarchy and respect for authority are significant social values. The word **允许 (yǔnxǔ)** perfectly reflects this. Permission isn't always assumed; it often needs to be explicitly granted by a person or entity in a superior position—be it a parent, a teacher, a manager, or a government regulation. +
-  * **Comparison to Western Culture:** In English, "allow" can be used very broadly. A friend might "allow" you to borrow a book, which is a very casual usage. In Chinese, using **允许 (yǔnxǔ)** in that peer-to-peer context would sound strangely formal and create an unnecessary power distance. The existence of a common, formal word like **允许** highlights a cultural tendency to be more conscious of who has the authority to grant permission in any given situation. It's tied to the idea of following rules (规矩 - guīju) and respecting the established order. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **Formal and Official Contexts:** This is the most common use. You will find **允许** on public signs, in written rules, and in legal or corporate documents. +
-    *   Example: //公园内不允许野餐。// (Gōngyuán nèi bù yǔnxǔ yěcān.) - Picnicking is not permitted inside the park. +
-  * **Hierarchical Relationships:** It is used frequently when someone in a position of authority gives or denies permission. +
-    *   **Parent to Child:** //妈妈不**允许**我天黑后出门。// (Māma bù yǔnxǔ wǒ tiān hēi hòu chūmén.) - Mom doesn't allow me to go out after dark. +
-    *   **Boss to Employee:** //老板**允许**我明天请假。// (Lǎobǎn yǔnxǔ wǒ míngtiān qǐngjià.) - The boss permitted me to take a day off tomorrow. +
-  * **Figurative or Abstract Use:** It can also be used when a situation, condition, or even one's own principles "permit" or "do not permit" an action. +
-    *   Example: //如果时间**允许**，我想去看看长城。// (Rúguǒ shíjiān yǔnxǔ, wǒ xiǎng qù kànkan Chángchéng.) - If time permits, I'd like to go see the Great Wall. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 这里不**允许**吸烟。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèlǐ bù **yǔnxǔ** xīyān. +
-    * English: Smoking is not permitted here. +
-    * Analysis: A very common and direct use of the word, often seen on public signs. It states a clear, official rule. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 医生**允许**他出院了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yīshēng **yǔnxǔ** tā chūyuàn le. +
-    * English: The doctor allowed him to be discharged from the hospital. +
-    * Analysis: The doctor is the authority figure whose professional judgment grants permission for the patient to leave. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 公司规定，工作时间不**允许**接打私人电话。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī guīdìng, gōngzuò shíjiān bù **yǔnxǔ** jiē dǎ sīrén diànhuà. +
-    * English: Company regulations state that making or receiving personal calls during work hours is not permitted. +
-    * Analysis: This shows **允许** used in the context of a formal policy or regulation (规定 - guīdìng). +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 如果情况**允许**，我们会尽快完成这个项目。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ qíngkuàng **yǔnxǔ**, wǒmen huì jǐnkuài wánchéng zhège xiàngmù. +
-    * English: If the situation permits, we will finish this project as soon as possible. +
-    * Analysis: This is a great example of the abstract usage. "The situation" is personified as the authority that grants the possibility of action. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 你必须得到父母的**允许**才能参加这次旅行。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ bìxū dédào fùmǔ de **yǔnxǔ** cái néng cānjiā zhè cì lǚxíng. +
-    * English: You must get your parents' permission to be able to join this trip. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **允许** acts as a noun ("permission"). It highlights the need to obtain formal consent from an authority (parents). +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 我的自尊心不**允许**我向他求助。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ de zìzūnxīn bù **yǔnxǔ** wǒ xiàng tā qiúzhù. +
-    * English: My self-respect doesn't allow me to ask him for help. +
-    * Analysis: Another figurative use. A personal principle ("self-respect") is the abstract authority that forbids an action. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 在我们家，不**允许**在饭桌上看手机。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài wǒmen jiā, bù **yǔnxǔ** zài fànzhuō shàng kàn shǒujī. +
-    * English: In our family, looking at your phone at the dinner table is not allowed. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates **允许** in the context of a household rule, typically set by the parents. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 请问，这里**允许**拍照吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Qǐngwèn, zhèlǐ **yǔnxǔ** pāizhào ma? +
-    * English: Excuse me, is photography permitted here? +
-    * Analysis: This is a polite way to ask about the rules of a place (like a museum or temple). It shows you are asking about the official policy, not just a person's preference. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 只要时间**允许**，我一定会来。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhǐyào shíjiān **yǔnxǔ**, wǒ yīdìng huì lái. +
-    * English: As long as time permits, I will definitely come. +
-    * Analysis: A common structure (只要...就...). "Time" is the condition that needs to be met. This is a very natural and common phrase in daily life. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 未经**允许**，请勿进入。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wèijīng **yǔnxǔ**, qǐng wù jìnrù. +
-    * English: Please do not enter without permission. +
-    * Analysis: A very formal and written phrase you might see on a door to a private office or restricted area. 未经 (wèijīng) means "without having..." and is also quite formal. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **`允许 (yǔnxǔ)` vs. `可以 (kěyǐ)`:** This is the most important distinction for learners. +
-    * **允许 (yǔnxǔ)**: Permission from authority; formal. +
-    * **可以 (kěyǐ)**: General possibility, capability, or informal permission. +
-    * **Mistake:** Asking a friend, "//你允许我用一下你的笔吗？//" (Nǐ yǔnxǔ wǒ yòng yīxià nǐ de bǐ ma?). This sounds overly dramatic and formal. +
-    * **Correct:** //我**可以**用一下你的笔吗？// (Wǒ kěyǐ yòng yīxià nǐ de bǐ ma?) - Can I use your pen for a second? +
-    * **When to use 允许:** //学校不**允许**学生染发。// (Xuéxiào bù yǔnxǔ xuéshēng rǎnfà.) - The school does not permit students to dye their hair. (Here, [[可以]] would sound too weak, as this is a firm rule.) +
-  * **`允许 (yǔnxǔ)` vs. `同意 (tóngyì)`:** +
-    * **允许 (yǔnxǔ)** focuses on granting permission (a top-down action). +
-    * **同意 (tóngyì)** means "to agree" or "to consent," focusing on alignment of opinion or will. +
-    * **Example:** You would say //我**同意**你的看法// (Wǒ tóngyì nǐ de kànfǎ - "I agree with your viewpoint"), but you would never say "//我允许你的看法//". +
-    * **Overlap:** In some cases, they are interchangeable, but with a slight difference in focus. +
-      * //爸爸**允许**我买电脑了。// (Bàba yǔnxǔ wǒ mǎi diànnǎo le.) - Dad permitted me to buy a computer. (Focus on the permission.) +
-      * //爸爸**同意**我买电脑了。// (Bàba tóngyì wǒ mǎi diànnǎo le.) - Dad agreed to me buying a computer. (Focus on his consent/agreement with the idea.) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[可以]] (kěyǐ) - A more general and informal word for "can," "may," or "to be allowed." It's the default for casual permission. +
-  * [[同意]] (tóngyì) - To agree; to consent. Focuses on sharing an opinion or agreeing to a request, rather than a formal granting of permission from a position of authority. +
-  * [[批准]] (pīzhǔn) - To approve; to ratify. This is even more formal than **允许** and is used for officially approving applications, budgets, or plans. +
-  * [[准许]] (zhǔnxǔ) - A very close synonym for **允许**, often used in formal or written contexts. It can sound slightly more official. +
-  * [[禁止]] (jìnzhǐ) - The direct antonym: to prohibit; to forbid. This is a strong, official term often seen on signs. +
-  * [[许可]] (xǔkě) - The noun form: a "permit" or "license." For example, a 驾驶许可 (jiàshǐ xǔkě) is a driver's license/permit. +
-  * [[让]] (ràng) - A highly versatile verb that can mean "to let" or "to allow" in a very casual sense. E.g., //他让我用他的车。// (Tā ràng wǒ yòng tā de chē.) - He let me use his car.+