共享单车

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共享单车 [2025/08/11 11:45] – created xiaoer共享单车 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== gòngxiǎng dānchē: 共享单车 - Bike-Sharing, Shared Bikes ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 共享单车, gongxiang danche, bike sharing in China, shared bikes, dockless bikes, Chinese tech, urban mobility, Mobike, Ofo, Hellobike, Meituan Bike, how to use shared bikes in China, city bikes. +
-  * **Summary:** Discover 共享单车 (gòngxiǎng dānchē), the revolutionary dockless bike-sharing system that transformed urban mobility in China. Learn about the colorful bikes you can find on nearly every city street, how to use them with your smartphone, and their profound impact on modern Chinese life and technology. This guide covers everything from vocabulary and cultural context to practical tips for riding. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** gòngxiǎng dānchē +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** N/A (Modern term, but essential for daily life in China) +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A system of dockless, app-based public bicycles for short-term rental, typically unlocked by scanning a QR code. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Imagine seeing thousands of colorful bicycles parked along sidewalks in a city, ready to be used by anyone with a smartphone. That's 共享单车. It's not just a way to get around; it's a symbol of China's tech boom and a solution to the "last mile" problem—getting from the subway station to your final destination. It represents convenience, technology, and a modern approach to city living. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **共 (gòng):** Together, common, shared. Think of two hands (廾) offering something together. +
-  * **享 (xiǎng):** To share, to enjoy. It suggests something being made available for others' benefit. +
-  * **单 (dān):** Single, one, individual. +
-  * **车 (chē):** Vehicle, car, cart. This character is a pictograph of a chariot viewed from above, showing the wheels and axle. +
-When combined, **共享 (gòngxiǎng)** means "to share" or "shared," a key term in the modern "sharing economy." **单车 (dānchē)** is a common word for "bicycle" (literally "single vehicle"). Therefore, **共享单车 (gòngxiǎng dānchē)** literally and logically translates to "shared bicycle." +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-Once known as the "Kingdom of Bicycles" (自行车王国 - zìxíngchē wángguó), China saw a decline in cycling with the rise of cars. **共享单车** represents a massive, high-tech resurgence of the bicycle in public life. It's more than just transportation; it's a pillar of China's modern digital ecosystem. +
-The phenomenon is inseparable from the widespread adoption of mobile payments like **Alipay (支付宝)** and **WeChat Pay (微信支付)**. The ability to seamlessly scan a QR code, pay a tiny fee, and ride away is a daily demonstration of China's cashless society. +
-**Comparison to Western Bike-Sharing:** +
-Unlike systems like New York's Citi Bike or London's Santander Cycles, which require bikes to be picked up from and returned to specific **docks**, Chinese 共享单车 are famously **dockless**. You can pick one up wherever you find it and leave it at your destination (within designated areas). This offers unparalleled convenience but also led to major social issues, such as bikes clogging sidewalks and the infamous "bike graveyards" (单车坟场 - dānchē fénchǎng) where abandoned and broken bikes were piled up after the market's initial, hyper-competitive boom and bust cycle. This contrast highlights a different approach to public space, regulation, and tech growth. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-Using a **共享单车** is a quintessential modern China experience. The term is used constantly in daily conversation. +
-  *   **How it Works:** You use an app—often a super-app like Meituan, Alipay, or WeChat—to find a bike near you. You then scan the QR code on the bike to unlock it. You're charged a small fee for the time you use, and you end the trip by manually locking the bike. +
-  *   **Common Brands:** While the legendary early players Ofo and Mobike are now defunct or acquired, the main brands you'll see today are Hellobike (哈啰单车 - Hāluō dānchē, blue), Meituan Bike (美团单车 - Měituán dānchē, yellow), and Didi Bike (青桔单车 - Qīngjú dānchē, green). +
-  *   **Connotation:** The term is generally **neutral to positive**, associated with convenience, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, it can take on a **negative** connotation when people complain about finding only broken bikes or the chaotic parking (乱停乱放 - luàn tíng luàn fàng). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  *   **Example 1:** +
-    * 这附近有**共享单车**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè fùjìn yǒu **gòngxiǎng dānchē** ma? +
-    * English: Is there a shared bike nearby? +
-    * Analysis: A very common and practical question. You would ask this when looking to make a short trip. +
-  *   **Example 2:** +
-    * 我们骑**共享单车**去地铁站吧，很方便。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen qí **gòngxiǎng dānchē** qù dìtiězhàn ba, hěn fāngbiàn. +
-    * English: Let's ride a shared bike to the subway station, it's very convenient. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence perfectly illustrates the primary use case of 共享单车 – solving the "last mile" problem. The verb for riding a bike is 骑 (qí). +
-  *   **Example 3:** +
-    * 你需要用手机扫码才能解锁**共享单车**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ xūyào yòng shǒujī sǎomǎ cáinéng jiěsuǒ **gòngxiǎng dānchē**. +
-    * English: You need to use your phone to scan the code to unlock the shared bike. +
-    * Analysis: This explains the essential action. 扫码 (sǎomǎ - to scan a code) and 解锁 (jiěsuǒ - to unlock) are key vocabulary for this process. +
-  *   **Example 4:** +
-    * 这辆**共享单车**坏了，我们找下一辆吧。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè liàng **gòngxiǎng dānchē** huài le, wǒmen zhǎo xià yí liàng ba. +
-    * English: This shared bike is broken, let's find the next one. +
-    * Analysis: A frequent frustration. The measure word for vehicles like bikes is 辆 (liàng). +
-  *   **Example 5:** +
-    * **共享单车**的出现极大地改变了城市交通。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Gòngxiǎng dānchē** de chūxiàn jí dà de gǎibiàn le chéngshì jiāotōng. +
-    * English: The appearance of bike-sharing has greatly changed urban transportation. +
-    * Analysis: This is a more formal sentence you might read in an article, discussing the societal impact of the technology. +
-  *   **Example 6:** +
-    * 请不要把**共享单车**随便停在人行道中间。 +
-    * Pinyin: Qǐng búyào bǎ **gòngxiǎng dānchē** suíbiàn tíng zài rénxíngdào zhōngjiān. +
-    * English: Please don't casually park the shared bike in the middle of the sidewalk. +
-    * Analysis: This addresses the negative social behavior associated with the bikes. 把 (bǎ) is used here to emphasize the object (the bike) and what is done to it. +
-  *   **Example 7:** +
-    * 以前，**共享单车**需要付押金，但现在大部分都不用了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yǐqián, **gòngxiǎng dānchē** xūyào fù yājīn, dàn xiànzài dàbùfen dōu búyòng le. +
-    * English: In the past, shared bikes required a security deposit, but now most of them don't. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence touches on the business model's evolution. 押金 (yājīn) was a major part of the initial controversy and user experience. +
-  *   **Example 8:** +
-    * 我手机没电了，没法扫**共享单车**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ shǒujī méi diàn le, méi fǎ sǎo **gòngxiǎng dānchē**. +
-    * English: My phone is out of battery, I have no way to scan a shared bike. +
-    * Analysis: Highlights the complete dependence on technology. 没法 (méi fǎ) means "no way to do something." +
-  *   **Example 9:** +
-    * 美团的**共享单车**是黄色的，哈啰的是蓝色的。 +
-    * Pinyin: Měituán de **gòngxiǎng dānchē** shì huángsè de, Hāluō de shì lánsè de. +
-    * English: Meituan's shared bikes are yellow, and Hellobike's are blue. +
-    * Analysis: A practical sentence for identifying the different brands by their distinctive colors. +
-  *   **Example 10:** +
-    * 骑**共享单车**比坐公交车还快，因为不堵车。 +
-    * Pinyin: Qí **gòngxiǎng dānchē** bǐ zuò gōngjiāochē hái kuài, yīnwèi bù dǔchē. +
-    * English: Riding a shared bike is even faster than taking the bus because there's no traffic jam. +
-    * Analysis: A common reason people choose bikes over other transport for short distances. This uses the 比 (bǐ) comparison structure. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  *   **Not a Personal Bike:** Do not confuse it with a privately owned bicycle (自行车 - zìxíngchē or 单车 - dānchē). If you say "我的共享单车 (wǒ de gòngxiǎng dānchē)," it sounds strange. You would say "我骑的这辆共享单车 (wǒ qí de zhè liàng gòngxiǎng dānchē)" meaning "this shared bike that I am riding." +
-  *   **Dockless vs. Docked:** A key pitfall for foreigners is to look for a docking station. The core concept of 共享单车 is that there isn't one. You must understand that you can leave it almost anywhere (within reason and designated zones) by simply engaging the manual lock on the back wheel. +
-  *   **"Rental Bike" vs. 共享单车:** While technically a rental, the English term "rental bike" often implies a more traditional service where you rent a bike for a half-day or full-day for leisure from a shop. 共享单车 specifically refers to the short-term, app-based, point-to-point system for urban commuting. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[二维码]] (èrwéimǎ) - QR code. The square barcode you must scan to unlock the bike. +
-  *   [[扫码]] (sǎomǎ) - To scan a code. The action of using your phone's camera on the QR code. +
-  *   [[解锁]] (jiěsuǒ) - To unlock. What happens after you successfully scan the code. +
-  *   [[押金]] (yājīn) - Security deposit. A sum of money once required to use the services, now largely phased out. +
-  *   [[最后一公里]] (zuìhòu yī gōnglǐ) - "The last mile." The crucial transportation gap between a public transport hub (like a subway station) and one's final destination, which shared bikes are perfect for solving. +
-  *   [[乱停乱放]] (luàn tíng luàn fàng) - To park indiscriminately/chaotically. A four-character idiom describing the social problem of bikes being left in inconvenient places. +
-  *   [[支付宝]] (Zhīfùbǎo) - Alipay. A leading mobile payment platform essential for using most shared services in China. +
-  *   [[微信支付]] (Wēixìn Zhīfù) - WeChat Pay. The other dominant mobile payment platform integrated into the WeChat app. +
-  *   [[低碳出行]] (dī tàn chūxíng) - Low-carbon travel. A positive concept associated with shared bikes, promoting them as an eco-friendly choice.+