出租车

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出租车 [2025/08/11 10:24] – created xiaoer出租车 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== chūzūchē: 出租车 - Taxi, Cab ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** chuzuche, 出租车, Chinese taxi, taxi in Chinese, how to say taxi in Mandarin, call a cab in China, dache, didi, shifu, Chinese transportation +
-  * **Summary:** Learn how to say and use "出租车" (chūzūchē), the essential Chinese word for taxi or cab. This guide covers everything from the character breakdown and cultural significance to practical phrases for hailing a cab, using ride-sharing apps like Didi (滴滴), and addressing your driver politely with "师傅" (shīfu). Understand the nuances between "坐出租车" (riding a taxi) and "打车" (hailing a taxi) to navigate Chinese cities like a pro. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** chūzūchē +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 2 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A for-hire vehicle with a driver; a taxi or cab. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** "出租车" is the standard, universal word for a taxi in Mandarin Chinese. It's a very literal and functional term you'll see on the vehicles themselves and hear in everyday conversation. Whether you're hailing one on a street corner in Beijing or booking one through an app, this is the word you need to know. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **出 (chū):** To go out, to exit. The character is a pictograph of a plant sprout (屮) emerging from a container or the ground (凵), representing the idea of coming out. +
-  * **租 (zū):** To rent or to lease. The left-side radical 禾 (hé) means "grain," a historical form of payment for rent. The right side is a phonetic component. So, you can think of it as "paying grain to use something." +
-  * **车 (chē):** Car or vehicle. This is a famous pictograph of a chariot viewed from above, showing the wheels, axle, and passenger compartment. +
-When you combine them, **出 (to go out) + 租 (to rent) + 车 (a car)** literally means an "exit-rent-car." This perfectly describes the function of a taxi: a car you rent for an outing. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In China, the `出租车` has evolved from a relatively expensive luxury for the few to an everyday mode of transport for the urban masses. While taxis are a global concept, their role in China has a unique modern twist. +
-The most significant cultural difference compared to the West is the near-total dominance of ride-hailing super-apps, primarily **滴滴出行 (Dīdī Chūxíng)**. In many American cities, you have a choice between Uber, Lyft, and traditional taxi companies. In China, Didi is the undisputed king, and its app is used to hail both official, licensed `出租车` and private cars. For many young Chinese people, the act of "calling a taxi" (`打车`, dǎchē) is synonymous with opening the Didi or a similar app. Street-hailing still exists, but it can be more difficult during peak hours or in less central areas, as many drivers prioritize app-based fares. +
-A key cultural practice is addressing the driver. Instead of silence or a simple "hello," it's common and polite to address the driver as **师傅 (shīfu)**, which means "master" and is a term of respect for skilled, blue-collar workers. Using `师傅` immediately establishes a friendly and respectful tone for the ride. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-`出租车` is a neutral term used in all contexts, from formal to informal. The most common verb associated with it, however, is not `坐 (zuò)` but `打 (dǎ)`. +
-  * **Hailing a Taxi on the Street:** You can wave your hand and shout "**出租车!**" (chūzūchē!) but it's more common to just make eye contact and wave. Once you're in, you greet the driver with "**师傅好!**" (Shīfu hǎo! - Hello, master/driver!). +
-  * **Using Ride-Hailing Apps:** The common verb is **打车 (dǎchē)**, which literally means "to hit a car" but is understood as "to call/hail a ride." Someone might say, "我用滴滴打个车" (Wǒ yòng Dīdī dǎ ge chē - I'll use Didi to call a car). +
-  * **Payment:** While cash is sometimes accepted, it's becoming rare. Almost all `出租车` drivers accept (and prefer) mobile payment through WeChat Pay (微信支付) or Alipay (支付宝). You simply scan a QR code pasted on the back of the passenger seat or on the dashboard. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 我要**坐出租车**去火车站。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ yào zuò **chūzūchē** qù huǒchēzhàn. +
-    * English: I need to take a taxi to the train station. +
-    * Analysis: This uses `坐 (zuò)`, meaning "to sit" or "to ride." It focuses on the action of being a passenger in the taxi. This is a standard and clear way to express your intention. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 师傅，请问到机场需要多少钱？ +
-    * Pinyin: Shīfu, qǐngwèn dào jīchǎng xūyào duōshǎo qián? +
-    * English: Driver, excuse me, how much does it cost to get to the airport? +
-    * Analysis: While this sentence doesn't contain `出租车`, it's a critical phrase to use while inside one. Note the polite use of `师傅 (shīfu)` to address the driver. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 这里不好**打车**，我们去大路上等吧。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèlǐ bù hǎo **dǎchē**, wǒmen qù dàlù shang děng ba. +
-    * English: It's not easy to get a cab here, let's go to the main road to wait. +
-    * Analysis: This introduces the essential verb `打车 (dǎchē)`, which means "to hail a cab" or "to get a ride." It's more about the action of *getting* the taxi than *riding* it. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 你可以帮我叫一辆**出租车**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ kěyǐ bāng wǒ jiào yí liàng **chūzūchē** ma? +
-    * English: Can you help me call a taxi? +
-    * Analysis: `叫 (jiào)` means "to call." This verb is often used when asking someone else to book a taxi for you, either by phone or app. `一辆 (yí liàng)` is the measure word for vehicles. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 高峰时间，坐地铁比**坐出租车**快多了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gāofēng shíjiān, zuò dìtiě bǐ zuò **chūzūchē** kuài duō le. +
-    * English: During rush hour, taking the subway is much faster than taking a taxi. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence uses the `比 (bǐ)` comparison structure to contrast two forms of transport, a very common real-world scenario. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 我的手机没电了，没法用滴滴**打车**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ de shǒujī méi diàn le, méi fǎ yòng Dīdī **dǎchē**. +
-    * English: My phone is out of battery, I can't use Didi to get a ride. +
-    * Analysis: A very practical sentence highlighting the modern reliance on apps (`滴滴 Dīdī`) and the verb `打车 (dǎchē)`. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 这辆**出租车**的司机很热情，跟我们聊了一路。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè liàng **chūzūchē** de sījī hěn rèqíng, gēn wǒmen liáo le yí lù. +
-    * English: The driver of this taxi was very enthusiastic and chatted with us the whole way. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence introduces the generic word for driver, `司机 (sījī)`. While you address them as `师傅 (shīfu)`, you refer to them as `司机 (sījī)`. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * **出租车**的起步价是多少？ +
-    * Pinyin: **Chūzūchē** de qǐbùjià shì duōshǎo? +
-    * English: What is the starting fare for a taxi? +
-    * Analysis: A crucial question for budget-conscious travelers. `起步价 (qǐbùjià)` is the "flag-down fare" or the minimum charge. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 他每天都开**出租车**，对这个城市非常熟悉。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā měitiān dōu kāi **chūzūchē**, duì zhège chéngshì fēicháng shúxī. +
-    * English: He drives a taxi every day and is very familiar with this city. +
-    * Analysis: The verb `开 (kāi)` means "to drive" or "to operate." So `开出租车 (kāi chūzūchē)` means "to drive a taxi" as a profession. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 外面在下大雨，我们肯定叫不到**出租车**了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wàimiàn zài xià dàyǔ, wǒmen kěndìng jiào bu dào **chūzūchē** le. +
-    * English: It's pouring rain outside, we definitely won't be able to get a taxi. +
-    * Analysis: This uses the potential complement `叫不到 (jiào bu dào)`, meaning "unable to call/get." It expresses the inability to successfully complete the action of hailing a taxi. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **`出租车 (chūzūchē)` vs. `的士 (díshì)`:** `出租车` is the standard Mandarin term used and understood everywhere in mainland China. `的士 (díshì)` is a phonetic loanword from the English "taxi" (via Cantonese `dik-si`). You will hear `的士` much more frequently in Hong Kong, Macau, and southern provinces like Guangdong, but `出租车` is always the safest and most universal choice. +
-  * **Crucial Verb Choice: `坐 (zuò)` vs. `打 (dǎ)` vs. `叫 (jiào)`:** This is a common point of confusion for learners. +
-    * **`坐 (zuò) chūzūchē`**: **To ride/take a taxi.** This describes the state of being a passenger. "I came here by taxi." (我是坐出租车来的 - Wǒ shì zuò chūzūchē lái de.) +
-    * **`打 (dǎ) chē`**: **To hail/get a taxi.** This is the most common colloquial verb for the *action* of getting a taxi, whether by waving on the street or using an app. "It's late, let's get a cab." (太晚了，我们打个车吧 - Tài wǎn le, wǒmen dǎ ge chē ba.) Note that people often just say `打车` without `出租`. +
-    * **`叫 (jiào) chūzūchē`**: **To call a taxi.** This is more literal and often implies using a phone or app to summon one. It's very similar to `打车` and often interchangeable in the context of apps. +
-  * **Addressing the Driver:** A very common mistake is not addressing the driver at all, or using `你 (nǐ)`. Always use `师傅 (shīfu)`. Starting a conversation with `师傅，你好...` (Shīfu, nǐ hǎo...) is polite and standard practice. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[打车]] (dǎchē) - The most common verb for "to hail a cab" or "to call a ride." +
-  * [[滴滴出行]] (Dīdī Chūxíng) - The ubiquitous ride-hailing app in China, similar to Uber. +
-  * [[司机]] (sījī) - The general term for "driver." You refer to a taxi driver as a `司机`. +
-  * [[师傅]] (shīfu) - The polite term of address for a taxi driver, meaning "master." +
-  * [[的士]] (díshì) - A loanword for "taxi," primarily used in Southern China and Hong Kong. +
-  * [[起步价]] (qǐbùjià) - The starting fare or "flag-down" price of a taxi ride. +
-  * [[堵车]] (dǔchē) - Traffic jam; a common reason to avoid taking a `出租车` during rush hour. +
-  * [[地铁]] (dìtiě) - Subway/metro; a primary alternative to taxis for fast urban travel. +
-  * [[公交车]] (gōngjiāochē) - Public bus; another common and cheaper alternative. +
-  * [[网约车]] (wǎngyuēchē) - "Online-hailed car"; the formal term for a ride-sharing vehicle booked via an app like Didi.+