分数

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分数 [2025/08/12 13:22] – created xiaoer分数 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== fēnshù: 分数 - Score, Grade, Fraction ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** fenshu, fēnshù, 分数, Chinese for score, Chinese for grade, Chinese for fraction, exam score in Chinese, math fraction in Chinese, HSK 3, Chinese education +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the crucial Chinese word **分数 (fēnshù)**, a term with two key meanings: an academic **score** or **grade** on a test, and a mathematical **fraction**. This page breaks down its cultural importance in China's high-stakes education system, explains how to use it in conversation, and clarifies the difference between an exam score and a sports score. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fēnshù +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A numerical score on a test or assignment; or, a number that represents a part of a whole (a fraction). +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **分数 (fēnshù)** is a word you'll hear constantly in any discussion about school in China. It's the number that represents your performance—your grade, your mark, your score. For students, parents, and teachers, it's a source of immense pride or pressure. Separately, in a math class, **分数** is simply the word for a "fraction" like 1/2 or 3/4. The context makes the meaning perfectly clear. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **分 (fēn):** This character's primary meaning is "to divide," "part," "portion," or "point." Think of dividing a whole into parts, or assigning points for a test. +
-  * **数 (shù):** This character means "number" or "figure." +
-When combined, **分数 (fēnshù)** literally means "divided number" or "point number." This single origin perfectly explains both of its meanings: a "divided number" is a **fraction**, and a "point number" is a **score**. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese culture, **分数 (fēnshù)** is far more than just a number on a piece of paper; it's a powerful symbol of a student's diligence, a family's honor, and a child's future prospects. The entire education system is heavily geared towards standardized testing, culminating in the infamous **高考 (gāokǎo)**, the national college entrance exam. A student's **分数** on this single test can determine which university they can attend, and by extension, their entire career path. +
-This intense focus on scores can be contrasted with the more "holistic" approach often advocated in Western education, where extracurricular activities, essays, and interviews can play a larger role in university admissions. In China, while this is changing slowly, the **分数** has traditionally been the single most important metric. This creates a culture of "唯分数论" (wéi fēnshù lùn) — the theory that "only scores matter." This societal pressure means that a child's **分数** is a frequent topic of conversation among relatives and a source of significant stress for students from a very young age. Achieving a high **分数** is seen as a way of showing filial piety, rewarding the sacrifices of one's parents. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-You will encounter **分数** in two primary settings: +
-**1. Education and Academics:** +
-This is the most common usage. It's used formally by teachers and informally among students and family. +
-  * **Connotation:** Can be very positive (for a high score) or very negative (for a low score). It's a word loaded with emotion. +
-  * **Usage:** "你的数学分数是多少？" (What was your math score?), "这次考试我拿到了很高的分数。" (I got a very high score on this exam.) +
-**2. Mathematics:** +
-In a math context, **分数** is a neutral, technical term. +
-  * **Connotation:** Neutral. +
-  * **Usage:** "今天我们学习怎么加减分数。" (Today we're learning how to add and subtract fractions.) +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-  * 这次考试我的**分数**很高，妈妈很高兴。 +
-  * Pinyin: Zhè cì kǎoshì wǒ de **fēnshù** hěn gāo, māma hěn gāoxìng. +
-  * English: My score on this exam was very high, and my mom is very happy. +
-  * Analysis: A classic example of **分数** used as "score." Note the direct link between the score and a parent's happiness, reflecting its cultural importance. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-  * 老师，这道题的**分数**是多少？ +
-  * Pinyin: Lǎoshī, zhè dào tí de **fēnshù** shì duōshǎo? +
-  * English: Teacher, how many points is this question worth? +
-  * Analysis: Here, **分数** refers to the points allocated to a specific question on a test. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-  * 在中国，高考的**分数**几乎可以决定你的未来。 +
-  * Pinyin: Zài Zhōngguó, gāokǎo de **fēnshù** jīhū kěyǐ juédìng nǐ de wèilái. +
-  * English: In China, your Gaokao score can almost decide your future. +
-  * Analysis: This sentence highlights the immense cultural weight placed on **分数** in the context of the college entrance exam. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-  * 数学课上，我们学习了如何把小数变成**分数**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Shùxué kè shàng, wǒmen xuéxí le rúhé bǎ xiǎoshù biànchéng **fēnshù**. +
-  * English: In math class, we learned how to turn decimals into fractions. +
-  * Analysis: A clear example of **分数** used in its mathematical sense, "fraction." The context of "数学课" (math class) makes the meaning unambiguous. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-  * 他的期末**分数**不太理想。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā de qīmò **fēnshù** bú tài lǐxiǎng. +
-  * English: His final exam scores weren't very ideal. +
-  * Analysis: "不太理想 (bú tài lǐxiǎng)" is a common, slightly softer way of saying a score is "not good." +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-  * 蛋糕的四分之一是一个**分数**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Dàngāo de sì fēn zhī yī shì yí ge **fēnshù**. +
-  * English: One-fourth of the cake is a fraction. +
-  * Analysis: This sentence explicitly defines a common part-of-a-whole concept as a **分数**. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-  * 别只关心**分数**，学习过程更重要。 +
-  * Pinyin: Bié zhǐ guānxīn **fēnshù**, xuéxí guòchéng gèng zhòngyào. +
-  * English: Don't only care about the score; the learning process is more important. +
-  * Analysis: This reflects a more modern, holistic educational philosophy, often said to comfort a student or argue against the intense focus on grades. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-  * 这次考试的及格**分数**是六十分。 +
-  * Pinyin: Zhè cì kǎoshì de jígé **fēnshù** shì liùshí fēn. +
-  * English: The passing score for this exam is 60 points. +
-  * Analysis: Shows how **分数** is used with other key academic terms like [[及格]] (jígé - to pass). +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-  * 为了得到更高的**分数**，他每天学习到深夜。 +
-  * Pinyin: Wèile dédào gèng gāo de **fēnshù**, tā měitiān xuéxí dào shēnyè. +
-  * English: In order to get a higher score, he studies late into the night every day. +
-  * Analysis: This sentence illustrates the direct cause-and-effect relationship between effort and the goal of a high **分数**. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-  * 你能把三又二分之一这个带**分数**写成假**分数**吗？ +
-  * Pinyin: Nǐ néng bǎ sān yòu èr fēn zhī yī zhè ge dài **fēnshù** xiě chéng jiǎ **fēnshù** ma? +
-  * English: Can you write the mixed fraction three and a half as an improper fraction? +
-  * Analysis: A more advanced mathematical example, showing how **分数** can be modified by other characters to specify types of fractions (带分数 - mixed fraction, 假分数 - improper fraction). +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most critical mistake for a learner is confusing an academic **分数** with a sports score. They are not interchangeable. +
-  *   **分数 (fēnshù):** Use for tests, exams, assignments, points on a quiz. +
-  *   **比分 (bǐfēn):** Use for the score of a sports game or competition (e.g., 2-1 in soccer). +
-**Incorrect Usage:** +
-`昨晚篮球比赛的**分数**是多少？` (Zuówǎn lánqiú bǐsài de **fēnshù** shì duōshǎo?) +
-  *   **Reasoning:** This is wrong because a basketball game is a competition, not an academic test. Listeners would understand you, but it would sound unnatural. +
-**Correct Usage:** +
-`昨晚篮球比赛的**比分**是多少？` (Zuówǎn lánqiú bǐsài de **bǐfēn** shì duōshǎo?) +
-  *   **Translation:** What was the score of the basketball game last night? +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[成绩]] (chéngjì) - Overall academic results or achievements. Broader than a single **分数**, it can refer to a semester's grades or one's entire academic record. +
-  *   [[比分]] (bǐfēn) - The score in a sports match or game. The correct term to use instead of **分数** in a competitive context. +
-  *   [[得分]] (défēn) - To score points (a verb phrase), or the points that were scored. You **得分** to get a high **分数**. +
-  *   [[满分]] (mǎnfēn) - A perfect score, full marks. The ultimate goal for any student taking a test. +
-  *   [[及格]] (jígé) - To pass (an exam). The minimum acceptable outcome. +
-  *   [[高考]] (gāokǎo) - The National College Entrance Examination, the single most important test where **分数** determines a student's fate. +
-  *   [[百分之]] (bǎifēnzhī) - Percent (e.g., 百分之五十, bǎifēnzhī wǔshí = 50%). Conceptually related to **分数** as a part of a whole. +
-  *   [[分子]] (fēnzǐ) - Numerator (the top number in a fraction). +
-  *   [[分母]] (fēnmǔ) - Denominator (the bottom number in a fraction).+