利润

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

利润 [2025/08/11 08:03] – created xiaoer利润 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== lìrùn: 利润 - Profit, Earnings ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** lirun, 利润, profit in Chinese, how to say profit in Chinese, Chinese word for earnings, business Chinese, Chinese accounting terms, company profit, HSK 5 vocabulary, net profit in Chinese, gross profit in Chinese. +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the meaning of **利润 (lìrùn)**, the essential Chinese word for "profit." This comprehensive guide is perfect for students of business Chinese or anyone learning about China's economy. We'll break down the characters 利 and 润, explore the cultural significance of profit in modern China, and provide over 10 practical example sentences. Learn to distinguish **利润 (lìrùn)** from similar terms and use it accurately in business and financial contexts. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** lìrùn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The financial gain from a business or commercial activity after subtracting all costs. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **利润 (lìrùn)** is the standard, formal term for "profit" in the worlds of business, finance, and economics. It's not the casual word for "making money" (that's [[赚钱]] - zhuànqián), but rather the specific accounting term for what's left after all expenses are paid. Think of it as the bottom line on a company's financial statement. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **利 (lì):** This character means "benefit," "advantage," or "gain." It's composed of 禾 (hé), meaning "grain," and 刀 (dāo), meaning "knife." Originally, it depicted a sharp knife harvesting grain, symbolizing a successful and beneficial harvest. In **利润**, it represents the financial gain or advantage obtained. +
-  * **润 (rùn):** This character means "to moisten," "to lubricate," or "to enrich." The water radical (氵) on the left suggests nourishment and flow. In this context, it carries the meaning of "enrichment" or a "bonus" that smooths the way for the business. +
-  * When combined, **利润 (lìrùn)** literally means "beneficial enrichment" or "advantageous gain." The two characters work together to create a formal and precise term for the financial surplus that nourishes a company. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While **利润 (lìrùn)** is a modern business term, the concept of profit has a complex history in China. Traditionally, Confucian society placed merchants and the pursuit of profit at the bottom of the social hierarchy, valuing scholars and farmers more highly. +
-However, since the economic reforms of the late 20th century (改革开放 - gǎigé kāifàng), the pursuit of **利润 (lìrùn)** has become a central and celebrated driver of China's "economic miracle." The term is now a symbol of success, efficiency, and modernization. +
-Unlike the Western concept of profit, which is often viewed through a purely individualistic or shareholder-centric lens, in China, **利润** can have a broader, more collective connotation, especially concerning state-owned enterprises (国企 - guóqǐ). For these companies, generating **利润** is not just about enriching shareholders but also about contributing to national goals, social stability, and state power. The success of a company, measured by its **利润**, is often a source of national and local pride. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**利润 (lìrùn)** is used almost exclusively in formal business, financial, and economic contexts. You will hear it constantly in company meetings, see it in financial news reports, and read it in business articles. +
-  * **Formality:** Highly formal. You would not use it to talk about your personal salary or the money you won in a game. For that, you would use [[赚钱]] (zhuànqián) - "to make money." +
-  * **Connotation:** Neutral to positive. A high **利润** is a sign of a healthy, successful company. A lack of **利润** (or a [[亏损]] - kuīsǔn, "loss") is a serious problem. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 我们公司去年的**利润**增长了百分之二十。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen gōngsī qùnián de **lìrùn** zēngzhǎngle bǎifēnzhī èrshí. +
-    * English: Our company's profit grew by 20% last year. +
-    * Analysis: A standard and common sentence used in a business report or meeting to discuss annual performance. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 扣除所有成本后，我们的净**利润**是多少？ +
-    * Pinyin: Kòuchú suǒyǒu chéngběn hòu, wǒmen de jìng **lìrùn** shì duōshǎo? +
-    * English: After deducting all costs, what is our net profit? +
-    * Analysis: This sentence introduces a key related term, [[净利润]] (jìng lìrùn - net profit), showing how **利润** is often modified to be more specific. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 这家初创公司终于开始实现**利润**了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā chuàngyè gōngsī zhōngyú kāishǐ shíxiàn **lìrùn** le. +
-    * English: This startup company has finally started to realize a profit. +
-    * Analysis: The verb 实现 (shíxiàn - to realize, to achieve) is frequently paired with **利润**. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 他们的商业模式**利润**率非常高。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tāmen de shāngyè móshì **lìrùn**lǜ fēicháng gāo. +
-    * English: Their business model's profit margin is very high. +
-    * Analysis: Shows the use of the compound word [[利润率]] (lìrùnlǜ - profit margin), a critical business metric. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 我们的主要目标是**利润**最大化。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen de zhǔyào mùbiāo shì **lìrùn** zuìdàhuà. +
-    * English: Our main objective is to maximize profit. +
-    * Analysis: 最大化 (zuìdàhuà - to maximize) is another common verb used with **利润** in strategic business discussions. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 由于竞争激烈，这家商店的**利润**空间很小。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yóuyú jìngzhēng jīliè, zhè jiā shāngdiàn de **lìrùn** kōngjiān hěn xiǎo. +
-    * English: Due to fierce competition, this store's profit margin (lit. profit space) is very small. +
-    * Analysis: **利润空间 (lìrùn kōngjiān)** is a slightly more descriptive way to say "profit margin" or "room for profit." +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 如果没有**利润**，公司就无法生存。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ méiyǒu **lìrùn**, gōngsī jiù wúfǎ shēngcún. +
-    * English: If there is no profit, a company cannot survive. +
-    * Analysis: A simple but powerful sentence illustrating the fundamental importance of **利润**. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 公司决定将一部分**利润**用于研发。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī juédìng jiāng yībùfèn **lìrùn** yòngyú yánfā. +
-    * English: The company decided to use a portion of the profits for R&D (research and development). +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates how **利润** is treated as a tangible asset that can be allocated. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 我们需要区分毛**利润**和净**利润**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào qūfēn máo **lìrùn** hé jìng **lìrùn**. +
-    * English: We need to distinguish between gross profit and net profit. +
-    * Analysis: Introduces another essential accounting term, [[毛利润]] (máo lìrùn - gross profit). +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 增加销售额并不总能保证更高的**利润**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zēngjiā xiāoshòu'é bìng bù zǒng néng bǎozhèng gèng gāo de **lìrùn**. +
-    * English: Increasing sales revenue doesn't always guarantee higher profits. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence highlights the crucial business concept that revenue is not the same as profit. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most common mistake for English speakers is confusing **利润 (lìrùn)** with **赚钱 (zhuànqián)**. +
-  *   **利润 (lìrùn):** A formal noun for **profit** (Revenue - Costs). It belongs to a company or a business entity. +
-  *   **赚钱 (zhuànqián):** A verb-object phrase meaning "to make money" or "to earn money." It's used for both individuals and companies in a more general, colloquial sense. +
-**Incorrect Usage:** +
-  *   `我上个月的**利润**很高。` (Wǒ shàng gè yuè de **lìrùn** hěn gāo.) +
-  *   **Why it's wrong:** An individual receives a salary (工资 - gōngzī) or income (收入 - shōurù), not a "profit" from their job. You are not a company. +
-**Correct Usage:** +
-  *   `我上个月赚了很多钱。` (Wǒ shàng gè yuè zhuànle hěn duō qián.) - "I made a lot of money last month." (Colloquial) +
-  *   `我上个月的工资很高。` (Wǒ shàng gè yuè de gōngzī hěn gāo.) - "My salary last month was very high." (Specific) +
-  *   `我的公司上个月的**利润**很高。` (Wǒ de gōngsī shàng gè yuè de **lìrùn** hěn gāo.) - "My company's profit was very high last month." (Correct use of **利润**) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[赚钱]] (zhuànqián) - To make money. The general, colloquial counterpart to the formal concept of generating profit. +
-  *   [[盈利]] (yínglì) - To make a profit (verb); Profit (noun). A very close synonym of **利润** and often used interchangeably, though **盈利** can also function as a verb. +
-  *   [[亏损]] (kuīsǔn) - Loss, deficit. The direct antonym of **利润**. A company that is not making a profit is experiencing a **亏损**. +
-  *   [[成本]] (chéngběn) - Cost. The expenses that must be subtracted from revenue to calculate **利润**. +
-  *   [[收益]] (shōuyì) - Earnings, income, revenue. A broader term than **利润**. It can refer to total revenue before costs are deducted, or income from investments. +
-  *   [[收入]] (shōurù) - Income, revenue. Refers to all the money coming in, for either a person (salary, wages) or a company (revenue). +
-  *   [[净利润]] (jìng lìrùn) - Net profit. "The bottom line," profit after *all* expenses, taxes, and interest are paid. +
-  *   [[毛利润]] (máo lìrùn) - Gross profit. Profit after subtracting the cost of goods sold (COGS), but before subtracting overhead, payroll, taxes, etc. +
-  *   [[利润率]] (lìrùnlǜ) - Profit margin. A percentage showing how profitable a company's activities are, calculated as `(利润 / 收入) * 100`.+