Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- 反对 [2025/08/10 04:10] – created xiaoer
+++ 反对 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== fǎnduì: 反对 - To Oppose, To Object, Against ======
-===== Quick Summary =====
-  * **Keywords:** fandui, fǎn duì, 反对, how to say oppose in Chinese, object in Chinese, disagree in Chinese, protest in Chinese, against in Chinese, Chinese verb for opposition.
-  * **Summary:** Learn how to use "反对" (fǎnduì), the primary Chinese verb for "to oppose" or "to object." This comprehensive guide covers its meaning, cultural significance, and practical usage. Discover when to use this strong, direct term in formal debates, political discussions, or family matters, and when to use softer alternatives to maintain social harmony. Perfect for learners who want to express disagreement in Chinese accurately and appropriately.
-===== Core Meaning =====
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fǎnduì
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4
-  * **Concise Definition:** To fight against, oppose, or object to a proposal, policy, or action.
-  * **In a Nutshell:** "反对" (fǎnduì) is your go-to word when you are firmly against something. It’s not a mild disagreement; it’s a strong statement of opposition. Think of it as the word you would use when voting "no," formally objecting to a plan, or making it clear you are against a particular course of action. It carries more weight and is more confrontational than simply "disagreeing."
-===== Character Breakdown =====
-  * **反 (fǎn):** This character's original meaning is to "turn over" or "reverse." You can think of it as flipping something to its opposite side. It now means "opposite," "anti-," or "against."
-  * **对 (duì):** This character can mean "correct" or "right," but its more fundamental meaning is "to face" or "to be aimed at." Imagine two people facing each other in conversation.
-  * **Combined Meaning:** The characters literally combine to mean "to face against" or "to be positioned in opposition to." This perfectly captures the modern meaning of taking a stand against an idea, person, or plan.
-===== Cultural Context and Significance =====
-In Chinese culture, which often prioritizes social harmony (和 - hé) and preserving "face" ([[面子]] - miànzi), direct confrontation is generally avoided. Therefore, using "反对" (fǎnduì) is a significant act. It's a very direct and unambiguous statement of opposition that can disrupt group consensus.
-A useful comparison is with the American/Western encouragement of "speaking your mind" or "playing devil's advocate." In many Western business or academic settings, openly opposing an idea is seen as a healthy part of debate and critical thinking. In a similar Chinese context, especially in a hierarchical structure (e.g., employee to a manager), using "反对" could be perceived as disrespectful or a challenge to authority.
-Because of this, "反对" is often reserved for:
-.  **Formal, sanctioned contexts:** Such as a vote, a legal proceeding, or a formal debate where opposition is expected.
-.  **Situations of high principle:** When a person feels so strongly about an issue that they are willing to risk social friction.
-.  **Relationships with high intimacy:** Such as parents strongly opposing a child's decision, where the directness is a sign of deep concern rather than disrespect.
-In everyday disagreements, Chinese speakers often prefer softer, more indirect expressions to show a difference of opinion.
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China =====
-"反对" is a common and important word, but its context determines its impact.
-  * **Formal & Political Contexts:** This is the most common and appropriate setting for "反对". It is used in government, law, and business to formally state opposition.
-    * //"我们坚决反对任何形式的恐怖主义。" (We firmly oppose all forms of terrorism.)//
-  * **Family & Personal Life:** Using "反对" here indicates very strong disapproval. It's a word that carries significant emotional weight. A parent might "反对" their child's choice of partner or career, signaling a major conflict.
-    * //"我父母反对我出国留学。" (My parents oppose me studying abroad.)//
-  * **Workplace:** Be very cautious using "反对" with superiors. It can be seen as insubordinate. It's safer to use it among peers during a brainstorming session or to frame your point as a suggestion.
-    * A safer way to disagree with a boss: //"老板，我有一个不同的看法，您看这样行不行？" (Boss, I have a different viewpoint, what do you think of this alternative?)//
-  * **Social Media:** Online, "反对" is used more freely and casually to express strong opinions on news, policies, or celebrity actions, similar to its use in English.
-===== Example Sentences =====
-  * **Example 1:**
-    * 我**反对**这个计划，因为它成本太高了。
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ **fǎnduì** zhège jìhuà, yīnwèi tā chéngběn tài gāo le.
-    * English: I oppose this plan because its cost is too high.
-    * Analysis: A classic, direct use of "反对" in a business or committee meeting. The speaker is stating a clear, reasoned objection.
-  * **Example 2:**
-    * 很多家长**反对**孩子花太多时间玩电子游戏。
-    * Pinyin: Hěn duō jiāzhǎng **fǎnduì** háizi huā tài duō shíjiān wán diànzǐ yóuxì.
-    * English: Many parents oppose their children spending too much time playing video games.
-    * Analysis: This describes a general attitude of opposition. It's a strong word that captures the seriousness with which the parents view the issue.
-  * **Example 3:**
-    * 在投票中，有十票赞成，五票**反对**。
-    * Pinyin: Zài tóupiào zhōng, yǒu shí piào zànchéng, wǔ piào **fǎnduì**.
-    * English: In the vote, there were ten votes in favor and five votes in opposition.
-    * Analysis: Here, "反对" is used in its natural habitat: a formal vote. It is the direct antonym of "赞成" (zànchéng - to approve).
-  * **Example 4:**
-    * 他不顾家人**反对**，坚持要当一名演员。
-    * Pinyin: Tā bùgù jiārén **fǎnduì**, jiānchí yào dāng yī míng yǎnyuán.
-    * English: He ignored his family's opposition and insisted on becoming an actor.
-    * Analysis: This example shows "反对" used almost like a noun ("opposition"). It highlights a conflict between an individual's desire and their family's disapproval.
-  * **Example 5:**
-    * 我们**反对**任何形式的歧视。
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen **fǎnduì** rènhé xíngshì de qíshì.
-    * English: We oppose any form of discrimination.
-    * Analysis: A strong, principled statement. "反对" is the perfect word for taking a moral stand against a concept.
-  * **Example 6:**
-    * 你是支持还是**反对**？请表明你的立场。
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ shì zhīchí háishì **fǎnduì**? Qǐng biǎomíng nǐ de lìchǎng.
-    * English: Do you support or oppose? Please make your position clear.
-    * Analysis: A direct question forcing a choice between the two poles of opinion. "支持" (zhīchí - support) is the direct antonym.
-  * **Example 7:**
-    * 尽管有一些**反对**的声音，市长还是决定修建新桥。
-    * Pinyin: Jǐnguǎn yǒu yīxiē **fǎnduì** de shēngyīn, shìzhǎng háishì juédìng xiūjiàn xīn qiáo.
-    * English: Despite some voices of opposition, the mayor still decided to build the new bridge.
-    * Analysis: Shows "反对" modifying a noun ("声音" - voice/sound). "反对的声音" is a common phrase for "voices of opposition."
-  * **Example 8:**
-    * 我强烈**反对**在居民区附近建化工厂。
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ qiángliè **fǎnduì** zài jūmínqū fùjìn jiàn huàgōngchǎng.
-    * English: I strongly oppose building a chemical plant near a residential area.
-    * Analysis: The adverb "强烈" (qiángliè - strongly) is often used with "反对" to emphasize the intensity of the opposition.
-  * **Example 9:**
-    * 孩子大声说：“我**反对**！我不要现在睡觉！”
-    * Pinyin: Háizi dàshēng shuō: "Wǒ **fǎnduì**! Wǒ bùyào xiànzài shuìjiào!"
-    * English: The child said loudly: "I object! I don't want to go to sleep now!"
-    * Analysis: An informal, emotional use of the word. While it's a strong word, a child might use it dramatically to express their frustration.
-  * **Example 10:**
-    * 他的提议遭到了大多数人的**反对**。
-    * Pinyin: Tā de tíyì zāodào le dàduōshù rén de **fǎnduì**.
-    * English: His proposal was met with opposition from the majority of people.
-    * Analysis: "遭到...反对" (zāodào...fǎnduì) is a common pattern meaning "to encounter/meet with opposition." This is a slightly more formal and passive way to phrase it.
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes =====
-  * **Mistake: Using "反对" for mild disagreement.**
-    * The most common mistake for learners is using "反对" when you simply want to say "I don't agree." It's too strong and confrontational for casual differences of opinion.
-    * **Incorrect:** Your friend says "I think this movie is great." You reply, `我反对。(Wǒ fǎnduì.)` This sounds overly aggressive, as if you are launching a formal campaign against the movie.
-    * **Correct:** Instead, use the softer and more common `我不同意。(Wǒ bù tóngyì.)` (I don't agree) or `我觉得不是。(Wǒ juéde bùshì.)` (I don't think so).
-  * **Key Distinction: 反对 (fǎnduì) vs. 不同意 (bù tóngyì)**
-    * **[[不同意]] (bù tóngyì):** "Not agree." This is about a difference in opinion or thought. It's a statement of your internal state. It's less confrontational. //"I don't agree with your analysis."//
-    * **反对 (fǎnduì):** "To oppose." This is about taking action or a stance against something. It implies a desire to prevent or fight against a plan, proposal, or action. It's external and active. //"I oppose the plan to cut funding."//
-Think of it this way: You can `不同意` (disagree) with someone's opinion silently, but to `反对` (oppose) something, you have to voice it and take a stand.
-===== Related Terms and Concepts =====
-  * [[不同意]] (bù tóngyì) - To disagree. A much softer, more common, and less confrontational way to state a differing opinion.
-  * [[支持]] (zhīchí) - To support. The most common and direct antonym of "反对".
-  * [[赞成]] (zànchéng) - To approve; to agree with. Another direct antonym, often used in formal votes (赞成 vs. 反对).
-  * [[抗议]] (kàngyì) - To protest. This is a stronger, more active form of opposition, often involving a public demonstration or formal complaint.
-  * [[拒绝]] (jùjué) - To refuse; to reject. Used for turning down a request, offer, or invitation. You `拒绝` an offer, but you `反对` a plan.
-  * [[提议]] (tíyì) - A proposal or suggestion. This is the kind of thing that one often supports or opposes.
-  * [[投票]] (tóupiào) - To vote. The formal act through which one can express "反对".
-  * [[面子]] (miànzi) - "Face"; social standing. The cultural concept that explains why using a strong word like "反对" must be done with care.
-  * [[和]] (hé) - Harmony. The social ideal that direct opposition can sometimes threaten, leading people to prefer more indirect ways of disagreeing.