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-====== fāzhǎn: 发展 - Development, Growth, to Develop ======
-===== Quick Summary =====
-  * **Keywords:** fāzhǎn, 发展, Chinese for develop, development in China, economic development, Chinese growth, fāzhǎn meaning, personal development in Chinese, career development, urban development.
-  * **Summary:** Discover the meaning of **发展 (fāzhǎn)**, one of the most important words in modern China. This page explains how `fāzhǎn` means more than just "development"; it's a core cultural concept driving China's economic, technological, and societal growth. Learn how to use it in contexts from business and politics to personal career and relationship development, with practical examples and cultural insights for learners.
-===== Core Meaning =====
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fāzhǎn
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb, Noun
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4
-  * **Concise Definition:** To develop, grow, or expand; the process of development, growth, or expansion.
-  * **In a Nutshell:** `发展` is about forward motion and positive expansion. Think of a small business growing into a large corporation, a city expanding its subway system, or a person advancing in their career. It carries a strong, optimistic feeling of progress and improvement. It's an active, dynamic word central to understanding China's ambitions and daily life.
-===== Character Breakdown =====
-  * **发 (fā):** This character means "to send out," "to issue," "to start," or "to generate." Imagine something being launched or beginning to grow outward from a source.
-  * **展 (zhǎn):** This character means "to unfold," "to open up," or "to spread out." Picture unfolding a scroll, a map, or a fan to reveal its full size.
-  * Together, **发展 (fāzhǎn)** literally means "to generate and unfold" or "to send out and spread." This combination creates a powerful visual of something starting and then expanding to its full potential, which perfectly captures the modern meaning of "development."
-===== Cultural Context and Significance =====
-`发展` is more than just a word in China; it's a national philosophy. Since the economic reforms of the late 1970s, "development" has been the central goal of the Chinese government and society. The famous phrase by Deng Xiaoping, **发展是硬道理 (fāzhǎn shì yìng dàolǐ)**, meaning "Development is the absolute principle," encapsulates this national focus.
-To understand its cultural weight, we can compare it to the Western concept of "progress." While similar, there's a key difference in focus:
-  *   **Western "Progress":** Often carries strong connotations of social, political, and individual moral progress. "Personal growth" is frequently about self-discovery and emotional well-being.
-  *   **Chinese `发展`:** While it can be used for individuals, its core meaning is deeply tied to collective, tangible achievements: economic strength, technological advancement, and infrastructure improvement. It's about the nation, the company, or the city getting bigger, stronger, and more advanced. This reflects a more collectivist value system where the prosperity and strength of the group are paramount. For decades, `发展` was pursued with a single-minded focus, sometimes prioritizing economic growth above all else. Today, the concept is evolving to include ideas like **可持续发展 (kěchíxù fāzhǎn)**, or "sustainable development."
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China =====
-`发展` is a versatile word you'll hear everywhere in China.
-  * **In Politics and News:** This is its most common context. You'll constantly hear about China's economic or social development.
-    * `经济发展 (jīngjì fāzhǎn)` - economic development
-    * `社会发展 (shèhuì fāzhǎn)` - social development
-    * `城市发展 (chéngshì fāzhǎn)` - urban development
-  * **In Business:** It's used to talk about company growth, market expansion, and developing products or client relationships.
-    * `公司发展 (gōngsī fāzhǎn)` - company development/growth
-    * `发展新客户 (fāzhǎn xīn kèhù)` - to develop new clients
-  * **In Personal Life:** It can describe career progression or the deepening of a relationship.
-    * `职业发展 (zhíyè fāzhǎn)` - career development
-    * `我们的关系需要发展 (wǒmen de guānxì xūyào fāzhǎn)` - Our relationship needs to develop.
-The connotation of `发展` is almost always positive and aspirational. It implies moving from a lesser state to a better, more complex, or more successful one.
-===== Example Sentences =====
-  * **Example 1:**
-    * 中国的经济**发展**速度很快。
-    * Pinyin: Zhōngguó de jīngjì **fāzhǎn** sùdù hěn kuài.
-    * English: The speed of China's economic development is very fast.
-    * Analysis: This is a classic example of using `发展` as a noun to talk about national economic development, a very common topic in China.
-  * **Example 2:**
-    * 我们公司正在**发展**新市场。
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen gōngsī zhèngzài **fāzhǎn** xīn shìchǎng.
-    * English: Our company is currently developing new markets.
-    * Analysis: Here, `发展` is used as a verb in a business context, meaning to actively expand or open up new opportunities.
-  * **Example 3:**
-    * 他很关心自己的职业**发展**。
-    * Pinyin: Tā hěn guānxīn zìjǐ de zhíyè **fāzhǎn**.
-    * English: He is very concerned about his own career development.
-    * Analysis: This shows `发展` used on a personal level. `职业发展` (career development) is a standard phrase for professional growth and advancement.
-  * **Example 4:**
-    * 这两个人的关系会**发展**成爱情吗？
-    * Pinyin: Zhè liǎng ge rén de guānxì huì **fāzhǎn** chéng àiqíng ma?
-    * English: Will the relationship between these two people develop into love?
-    * Analysis: `发展` can describe the progression of interpersonal relationships. `发展成` means "to develop into."
-  * **Example 5:**
-    * 科技**发展**改变了我们的生活。
-    * Pinyin: Kējì **fāzhǎn** gǎibiàn le wǒmen de shēnghuó.
-    * English: Technological development has changed our lives.
-    * Analysis: Using `发展` as a noun for abstract concepts like technology is very common.
-  * **Example 6:**
-    * 为了**发展**旅游业，政府修建了新的机场。
-    * Pinyin: Wèile **fāzhǎn** lǚyóuyè, zhèngfǔ xiūjiàn le xīn de jīchǎng.
-    * English: In order to develop the tourism industry, the government built a new airport.
-    * Analysis: `为了发展...` (in order to develop...) is a useful structure for explaining the purpose of an action.
-  * **Example 7:**
-    * 这个城市近年来的**发展**有目共睹。
-    * Pinyin: Zhège chéngshì jìnniánlái de **fāzhǎn** yǒumùgòngdǔ.
-    * English: This city's development in recent years is obvious to all.
-    * Analysis: `有目共睹` is a chengyu (idiom) meaning "is there for all to see." It pairs well with the tangible results of `发展`.
-  * **Example 8:**
-    * 我们必须走可持续**发展**的道路。
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen bìxū zǒu kěchíxù **fāzhǎn** de dàolù.
-    * English: We must follow the path of sustainable development.
-    * Analysis: `可持续发展` is a key term in modern policy discussions, showing how the core concept of `发展` is being adapted.
-  * **Example 9:**
-    * 事情的**发展**超出了我们的预期。
-    * Pinyin: Shìqíng de **fāzhǎn** chāochū le wǒmen de yùqī.
-    * English: The development of the situation exceeded our expectations.
-    * Analysis: This shows `发展` used for the unfolding of events or a situation. It's more neutral here but still implies a progression.
-  * **Example 10:**
-    * 他的肌肉很**发达**。
-    * Pinyin: Tā de jīròu hěn **fādá**.
-    * English: His muscles are well-developed.
-    * Analysis: Note the change here to `发达 (fādá)`. This is a related adjective meaning "developed" or "advanced." It describes the state of being well-developed, whether it's muscles, a country's economy, or its transportation system.
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes =====
-  * **`发展` (fāzhǎn) vs. `增长` (zēngzhǎng):** This is a common point of confusion.
-    * `增长 (zēngzhǎng)` refers specifically to a quantitative **increase** in numbers or size (e.g., population increase, GDP growth rate). It's about getting bigger numerically.
-    * `发展 (fāzhǎn)` is broader. It implies qualitative **improvement** and expansion, not just a numerical increase. A country's `经济发展` (economic development) includes its `经济增长` (economic growth), but also things like structural reform, better technology, and higher quality of life.
-  * **`发展` is Almost Always Positive:** This is a major difference from the English "develop." In English, you can "develop a bad habit" or "develop a disease." In Chinese, you **cannot** use `发展` for negative things.
-    * **Incorrect:** `他发展了一个坏习惯。` (Tā fāzhǎn le yí ge huài xíguàn.)
-    * **Correct:** `他**养成**了一个坏习惯。` (Tā **yǎngchéng** le yí ge huài xíguàn.)
-    * To "develop" a bad habit, you use `养成 (yǎngchéng)`, which means to cultivate or form. For a disease, you might use `得了 (déle)`, meaning to "get" an illness. Remember: `发展` is for progress and positive expansion.
-===== Related Terms and Concepts =====
-  * [[发展中国家]] (fāzhǎn zhōng guójiā) - A developing country (a nation undergoing `发展`).
-  * [[发达国家]] (fādá guójiā) - A developed country (a nation that has already become `发达`, or "developed"). The adjective form.
-  * [[成长]] (chéngzhǎng) - Growth; to grow up. More organic and often used for people, plants, or a child's upbringing. It's about maturation.
-  * [[进步]] (jìnbù) - Progress; to make progress. Often used for skills, studies, or ideology. It's about moving to a higher level.
-  * [[提高]] (tígāo) - To raise, to improve, to enhance. Focuses on improving the level or quality of something (e.g., `提高水平` - to raise one's level).
-  * [[扩大]] (kuòdà) - To expand, to enlarge. Focuses on increasing the scale, scope, or area of something (e.g., `扩大市场` - to expand the market).
-  * [[增长]] (zēngzhǎng) - To increase; growth. A more specific, quantitative term for numerical increase.
-  * [[开发]] (kāifā) - To develop, to open up, to exploit. Often used for developing resources, land, or software (e.g., `软件开发` - software development). It implies tapping into unused potential.