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| 图纸 [2025/08/13 22:12] – created xiaoer | 图纸 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1 |
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| ====== túzhǐ: 图纸 - Blueprint, Drawing, Diagram ====== | |
| ===== Quick Summary ===== | |
| * **Keywords:** túzhǐ, 图纸, Chinese for blueprint, technical drawing in Chinese, engineering drawing Chinese, architectural plan Chinese, diagram, schematics, what is tuzhi, learn Chinese for engineering | |
| * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **图纸 (túzhǐ)**, which translates to **blueprint, technical drawing, or architectural plan**. This guide covers its meaning, from simple diagrams to complex engineering schematics, providing practical examples for contexts like construction, design, and manufacturing in China. Understand how to use **图纸 (túzhǐ)** correctly and avoid common mistakes when discussing plans and designs. | |
| ===== Core Meaning ===== | |
| * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** túzhǐ | |
| * **Part of Speech:** Noun | |
| * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 | |
| * **Concise Definition:** A blueprint, technical drawing, diagram, or architectural plan. | |
| * **In a Nutshell:** **图纸 (túzhǐ)** literally means "diagram paper" and refers to any kind of formal, detailed drawing used for a technical or construction purpose. Think of the large sheets of paper an architect unrolls to show a building's design, the schematics an engineer uses for a machine, or the plans for manufacturing a new product. It's a practical, concrete term for a visual plan used to build or create something. | |
| ===== Character Breakdown ===== | |
| * **图 (tú):** This character means "picture," "diagram," or "map." It represents a visual layout or plan. | |
| * **纸 (zhǐ):** This character means "paper." Its left-side radical 纟(sī) is related to "silk," as early writing surfaces were often made of silk or bamboo before paper became widespread. | |
| * **Combination:** By putting "diagram" (图) and "paper" (纸) together, you get **图纸 (túzhǐ)**, the physical paper that contains a technical diagram or plan. Even when referring to a digital file (like a CAD file), the name **图纸** is still used, highlighting its origin as a physical document. | |
| ===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== | |
| While not a deeply philosophical term, **图纸 (túzhǐ)** holds significant practical importance in modern China. Its frequent use is directly tied to the country's massive and rapid development over the past few decades. The "culture" surrounding **图纸** is one of precision, engineering, manufacturing, and large-scale construction. | |
| In the West, especially in recent years, the focus has shifted heavily to digital files (e.g., "the CAD files," "the PDF"). While China is extremely technologically advanced and uses these digital formats ubiquitously, the word **图纸** remains the default term for "the plan." It functions much like the English word "blueprint," which we still use to mean "a detailed plan" even though the blue-and-white cyanotype printing process is obsolete. **图纸** evokes a sense of concrete reality and execution—it's not just an idea, it's the official guide for making something real. | |
| ===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== | |
| **图纸 (túzhǐ)** is a professional and standard term used in any field that requires technical plans. It carries a neutral, formal connotation. | |
| === In Engineering and Construction === | |
| This is the most common context. You will hear **图纸** constantly on construction sites (建筑工地), in engineering firms (工程公司), and at manufacturing plants (工厂). It is the definitive document that guides the work. Workers, engineers, and architects all refer to the **图纸** as their single source of truth for a project. | |
| === In Design and Manufacturing === | |
| From product design to fashion, any field that requires a detailed schematic before production will use the term **图纸**. For example, a furniture designer will create a **图纸** for a new chair, and a clothing factory will use a **图纸** (often called a "pattern" in English) to cut fabric. | |
| ===== Example Sentences ===== | |
| * **Example 1:** | |
| * 建筑师正在审阅新大楼的**图纸**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Jiànzhùshī zhèngzài shěnyuè xīn dàlóu de **túzhǐ**. | |
| * English: The architect is reviewing the blueprints for the new building. | |
| * Analysis: A very standard sentence in a professional setting. `审阅 (shěnyuè)` means to review or examine, a common verb used with **图纸**. | |
| * **Example 2:** | |
| * 我们必须严格按照**图纸**施工。 | |
| * Pinyin: Wǒmen bìxū yángé ànzhào **túzhǐ** shīgōng. | |
| * English: We must carry out the construction work in strict accordance with the drawings. | |
| * Analysis: This highlights the authoritative nature of the **图纸**. `严格按照 (yángé ànzhào)` means "to strictly follow," emphasizing precision. `施工 (shīgōng)` is the formal term for "construction work." | |
| * **Example 3:** | |
| * 工程师发现**图纸**上有一个小错误。 | |
| * Pinyin: Gōngchéngshī fāxiàn **túzhǐ** shàng yǒu yí ge xiǎo cuòwù. | |
| * English: The engineer found a small mistake on the drawing. | |
| * Analysis: This shows a common real-world problem. The word `上 (shàng)` is used to mean "on" the paper. | |
| * **Example 4:** | |
| * 你能把最新的电子版**图纸**发给我吗？ | |
| * Pinyin: Nǐ néng bǎ zuìxīn de diànzǐbǎn **túzhǐ** fā gěi wǒ ma? | |
| * English: Can you send me the latest digital version of the drawings? | |
| * Analysis: This shows how **图纸** is adapted for the digital age. `电子版 (diànzǐbǎn)` means "electronic version." | |
| * **Example 5:** | |
| * 这份**图纸**太复杂了，我看不懂。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhè fèn **túzhǐ** tài fùzá le, wǒ kàn bu dǒng. | |
| * English: This blueprint is too complicated, I can't understand it. | |
| * Analysis: `份 (fèn)` is a common measure word for documents, including **图纸**. `看不懂 (kàn bu dǒng)` is a useful phrase meaning "can't understand by reading/looking." | |
| * **Example 6:** | |
| * 在开始生产之前，我们需要最终的**图纸**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zài kāishǐ shēngchǎn zhīqián, wǒmen xūyào zuìzhōng de **túzhǐ**. | |
| * English: Before starting production, we need the final drawings. | |
| * Analysis: This sentence is common in a manufacturing context. `生产 (shēngchǎn)` means "to produce" or "production." | |
| * **Example 7:** | |
| * 他画了一张简单的**图纸**来解释他的想法。 | |
| * Pinyin: Tā huà le yì zhāng jiǎndān de **túzhǐ** lái jiěshì tā de xiǎngfǎ. | |
| * English: He drew a simple diagram to explain his idea. | |
| * Analysis: While **图纸** is often for complex projects, it can also refer to a simpler, functional diagram. Here, it's more "diagram" than "blueprint." | |
| * **Example 8:** | |
| * 这个项目的**图纸**已经修改了五次。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhè ge xiàngmù de **túzhǐ** yǐjīng xiūgǎi le wǔ cì. | |
| * English: The drawings for this project have already been revised five times. | |
| * Analysis: `修改 (xiūgǎi)` means "to revise" or "to modify," a frequent action associated with **图纸** during the design process. | |
| * **Example 9:** | |
| * 没有**图纸**，我们怎么知道怎么盖房子？ | |
| * Pinyin: Méiyǒu **túzhǐ**, wǒmen zěnme zhīdào zěnme gài fángzi? | |
| * English: Without the blueprints, how do we know how to build the house? | |
| * Analysis: A practical, rhetorical question emphasizing the absolute necessity of a **图纸** in construction. | |
| * **Example 10:** | |
| * 客户批准了这套**图纸**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Kèhù pīzhǔn le zhè tào **túzhǐ**. | |
| * English: The client has approved this set of drawings. | |
| * Analysis: `批准 (pīzhǔn)` means "to approve" and is a key step in any project. `套 (tào)` is a measure word for a "set" of things, fitting for a collection of drawings. | |
| ===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== | |
| * **图纸 (túzhǐ) vs. 地图 (dìtú):** This is a critical distinction for learners. | |
| * **图纸 (túzhǐ):** A technical drawing for building or making something (a house, a machine, a circuit). | |
| * **地图 (dìtú):** A geographical map for navigation (a city map, a world map). | |
| * **Incorrect:** 我需要一张**图纸**来找到火车站。 (I need a blueprint to find the train station.) -> **Correct:** 我需要一张**地图**... (I need a map...) | |
| * **Easy way to remember:** You use a **地图 (dìtú)** to find the construction site, and then you use the **图纸 (túzhǐ)** to build the building. | |
| * **图纸 (túzhǐ) vs. 画 (huà):** | |
| * **图纸 (túzhǐ):** A functional, precise, technical plan. Its purpose is utility. | |
| * **画 (huà):** A painting or an artistic drawing. Its purpose is aesthetic. | |
| * **Incorrect:** 蒙娜丽莎是一张有名的**图纸**。 (The Mona Lisa is a famous blueprint.) -> **Correct:** 蒙娜丽莎是一幅有名的**画**。 (The Mona Lisa is a famous painting.) | |
| * **Don't use for casual sketches:** If you are just doodling on a napkin to explain a quick idea, that is a **草图 (cǎotú - sketch/draft)**, not a formal **图纸**. Using **图纸** would sound overly formal and strange in a casual context. | |
| ===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== | |
| * [[蓝图]] (lántú) - Blueprint. A direct synonym, literally "blue drawing," referencing the old cyanotype printing method. It's often used more metaphorically than **图纸** to mean a grand plan for the future (e.g., 人生蓝图 - life's blueprint). | |
| * [[设计]] (shèjì) - Design; to design. This is the process or profession that creates the **图纸**. | |
| * [[草图]] (cǎotú) - Draft, sketch. The rough, initial drawing made before the final, detailed **图纸** is completed. | |
| * [[施工图]] (shīgōngtú) - Construction drawing. A very specific and official type of **图纸** used by workers on a construction site. | |
| * [[方案]] (fāng'àn) - Plan, proposal, scheme. This refers to the overall strategy or proposal, which includes written descriptions, budgets, and timelines. The **图纸** is the technical visual component of a **方案**. | |
| * [[工程师]] (gōngchéngshī) - Engineer. A professional who designs, creates, and uses **图纸**. | |
| * [[建筑师]] (jiànzhùshī) - Architect. A professional who specializes in designing buildings and creating the corresponding **图纸**. | |
| * [[地图]] (dìtú) - Map. A crucial related word to distinguish from **图纸**. It is used for geography and navigation, not for construction or manufacturing. | |