孤单

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孤单 [2025/08/13 23:24] – created xiaoer孤单 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== gūdān: 孤单 - Lonely, Solitary ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** gudan, 孤单, Chinese for lonely, how to say lonely in Chinese, gudan meaning, solitary in Chinese, gudan vs jimo, loneliness in Chinese culture, Mandarin lonely +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the Chinese word for lonely, **孤单 (gūdān)**. This guide explains how **gūdān** describes the feeling of sadness that comes from being physically alone or solitary. We'll break down the characters, explore its cultural significance, and contrast it with the similar but distinct concept of **寂寞 (jìmò)**. With 10 practical example sentences, you'll understand how to use **gūdān** to express loneliness in everyday conversation. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** gūdān +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Adjective +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To be alone and feel lonely; solitary and sad. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **孤单 (gūdān)** is the type of loneliness you feel because you are physically by yourself. It emphasizes the state of being solitary and the negative emotion that accompanies it. Think of a child home alone, a traveler in a new city with no friends, or an elderly person whose family is away. It's a situational loneliness tied to a lack of company. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **孤 (gū):** This character originally meant "orphan." It is composed of a child (子) and a melon (瓜), perhaps evoking a sense of being singular or cut off from the vine. Today, its core meaning is "alone," "solitary," or "isolated." +
-  * **单 (dān):** This character means "single," "sole," or "odd (as in an odd number)." It depicts a single unit. +
-  * When combined, **孤单 (gūdān)** literally means "solitary-single." The two characters reinforce each other to create a strong sense of being physically alone and the resulting feeling of sadness. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * In China's highly collectivist culture, group harmony and social connection are paramount. Being part of a family, a group of friends, or a work unit is the default and desired state. Consequently, being **孤单 (gūdān)** is often viewed more negatively than "solitude" might be in the West. +
-  * **Comparison with Western "Solitude":** In Western cultures, choosing to be alone for reflection, creativity, or peace (solitude) can be seen as a positive and healthy practice. **孤单 (gūdān)** rarely carries this positive connotation. It almost always implies an undesirable state of isolation and a longing for companionship. A person who is **孤单** is seen as pitiable, lacking the crucial social network that defines a well-adjusted life in Chinese society. +
-  * This feeling is a common theme in modern China, especially concerning "left-behind children" (留守儿童, liúshǒu értóng) whose parents work in distant cities, or the elderly living alone in "empty nest" homes (空巢家庭, kōngcháo jiātíng). +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **孤单 (gūdān)** is a very common word used in daily conversation, social media, and pop culture (especially song lyrics) to express feelings of loneliness. +
-  * **Connotation:** It is almost always negative. It evokes sympathy from the listener. +
-  * **Formality:** It is generally used in informal to semi-formal contexts. You would say it to a friend, family member, or on a social media post, but it might be too emotional for a formal business report. +
-  * It's often paired with adverbs like 很 (hěn - very), 有点儿 (yǒudiǎnr - a little bit), or 觉得 (juéde - to feel) to express the degree of loneliness. For example, "我**觉得**很**孤单**" (Wǒ juéde hěn gūdān - I feel very lonely). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 他刚搬到新的城市，一个朋友都没有，觉得很**孤单**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā gāng bān dào xīn de chéngshì, yí ge péngyou dōu méiyǒu, juéde hěn **gūdān**. +
-    * English: He just moved to a new city and doesn't have a single friend, so he feels very lonely. +
-    * Analysis: This is a classic use of **gūdān**. The loneliness is a direct result of the objective situation: being in a new place with no friends. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 爸爸妈妈出差了，小明一个人在家，一点儿也不觉得**孤单**，因为他在玩电脑游戏。 +
-    * Pinyin: Bàba māma chūchāi le, Xiǎo Míng yí ge rén zài jiā, yìdiǎnr yě bù juéde **gūdān**, yīnwèi tā zài wán diànnǎo yóuxì. +
-    * English: Mom and Dad are on a business trip, and Xiao Ming is home alone, but he doesn't feel lonely at all because he's playing computer games. +
-    * Analysis: This example cleverly shows that the state of being alone (一个人) doesn't automatically lead to the feeling of **gūdān**. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    *  праздники的时候，看到别人都和家人在一起，我感到特别**孤单**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jiérì de shíhou, kàndào biérén dōu hé jiārén zài yìqǐ, wǒ gǎndào tèbié **gūdān**. +
-    * English: During the holidays, seeing other people together with their families makes me feel especially lonely. +
-    * Analysis: This highlights how social context (holidays) can amplify the feeling of **gūdān** when you are physically separated from your loved ones. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * “你一个人住会**孤单**吗？” “刚开始会，现在习惯了。” +
-    * Pinyin: "Nǐ yí ge rén zhù huì **gūdān** ma?" "Gāng kāishǐ huì, xiànzài xíguàn le." +
-    * English: "Do you get lonely living by yourself?" "I did at first, but I'm used to it now." +
-    * Analysis: This shows **gūdān** used in a common question about someone's living situation. It's a natural and empathetic thing to ask. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 这只被遗弃的小猫看起来很**孤单**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè zhī bèi yíqì de xiǎo māo kànqǐlái hěn **gūdān**. +
-    * English: This abandoned kitten looks very lonely. +
-    * Analysis: **孤单** can be used to describe animals, personifying them with human emotions based on their solitary state. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 分手以后，我的生活突然变得很**孤单**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Fēnshǒu yǐhòu, wǒ de shēng+