审核

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审核 [2025/08/05 20:01] – created xiaoer审核 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== shěnhé: 审核 - To Examine and Verify, To Audit, To Review (for approval) ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** shenhe, shěn hé, 审核, what does shenhe mean, Chinese review process, Chinese audit, censorship in China, pass review in Chinese, examine and verify, official approval. +
-  * **Summary:** A crucial term for modern life in China, **审核 (shěnhé)** means to examine and verify, audit, or review something against a set of official standards. Whether you're applying for a visa, posting on social media, or submitting a business proposal, your submission will likely go through a ''shěnhé'' process. Understanding this concept is key to navigating Chinese bureaucracy, business, and the digital world, where it functions as a formal gatekeeping mechanism for approval and sometimes censorship. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** shěn hé +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To perform a formal review of something to verify its contents and approve or deny it based on a set of criteria. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Think of //shěnhé// as an official "gate" that something must pass through. It's not a casual glance; it's a formal process of checking, verifying, and deciding. From a government official reviewing your documents to a social media platform's algorithm scanning your post, //shěnhé// is the act of ensuring something meets the required standards before it's allowed to proceed. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **审 (shěn):** This character means "to examine" or "to investigate." The top radical 宀 (mián) represents a roof, suggesting an official or indoor activity. The bottom part implies careful, detailed inspection. Together, it paints a picture of a formal examination happening within an institution. +
-  * **核 (hé):** This character means "kernel," "core," or "nucleus." The left radical 木 (mù) means "tree" or "wood." The character originally referred to the pit or core of a fruit. Metaphorically, it means getting to the essential part of something. +
-  * When combined, **审核 (shěnhé)** literally means "to examine the core." This beautifully illustrates the word's meaning: a deep, thorough review to verify the essential facts and ensure compliance with rules. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Western cultures, we have separate terms for different types of review: "auditing" for finance, "peer review" for academia, "getting approval" for bureaucracy, and "censorship" for content moderation. The Chinese term **审核 (shěnhé)** is a broad and powerful concept that can encompass all of these. +
-Its importance is rooted in China's traditionally collectivist and bureaucratic society, where maintaining order, standards, and control is highly valued. Unlike the English word "review," which can be a casual or subjective opinion (like a movie review), //shěnhé// is almost always an official, objective process with real consequences—approval or rejection. +
-For a Westerner, the most noticeable application of //shěnhé// is in the digital sphere. The "Great Firewall" and content moderation on platforms like WeChat and Weibo are massive, automated //shěnhé// systems. While this can be viewed as censorship, for many in China it's also seen as a necessary mechanism for filtering out harmful content and maintaining social harmony. Understanding //shěnhé// is not just about vocabulary; it's about understanding a fundamental mechanism of control and order in modern China. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-//Shěnhé// is a high-frequency word you'll encounter in many formal and digital contexts. +
-  * **Bureaucracy and Administration:** This is the most common usage. Any application submitted to an official body will be subject to //shěnhé//. +
-    * Visa applications, residence permits. +
-    * Business licenses, loan applications. +
-    * University admissions. +
-  * **Business and Finance:** +
-    * A manager //shěnhé// an employee's expense report. +
-    * An accounting firm //shěnhé// (audits) a company's financial records. +
-    * A quality control team //shěnhé// products before they leave the factory. +
-  * **Digital Content and Social Media:** This is where //shěnhé// directly impacts daily life. +
-    * A common message on social media is "您的帖子正在审核中" (Nín de tiězi zhèngzài shěnhé zhōng) - "Your post is currently under review." +
-    * Videos, articles, and even comments are automatically or manually //shěnhé// for sensitive keywords, political content, or violations of platform rules. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:**  +
-    * 我的签证申请还在**审核**中。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ de qiānzhèng shēnqǐng hái zài **shěnhé** zhōng. +
-    * English: My visa application is still under review. +
-    * Analysis: A very common and neutral use of the term in a bureaucratic context. +
-  * **Example 2:**  +
-    * 你在网上发的帖子需要经过系统**审核**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ zài wǎngshàng fā de tiězi xūyào jīngguò xìtǒng **shěnhé**. +
-    * English: The post you published online needs to go through the system's review. +
-    * Analysis: This highlights the automated nature of //shěnhé// in the digital world. +
-  * **Example 3:**  +
-    * 财务部门每个月都会**审核**我们的报销单。 +
-    * Pinyin: Cáiwù bùmén měi ge yuè dōu huì **shěnhé** wǒmen de bàoxiāo dān. +
-    * English: The finance department reviews our expense reports every month. +
-    * Analysis: A standard business use, equivalent to "auditing" or "approving" in an office setting. +
-  * **Example 4:**  +
-    * 恭喜，您的项目计划书已经通过**审核**了！ +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngxǐ, nín de xiàngmù jìhuà shū yǐjīng tōngguò **shěnhé** le! +
-    * English: Congratulations, your project proposal has passed review! +
-    * Analysis: Shows the positive outcome of a //shěnhé// process. [[通过]] (tōngguò) is the verb used for "passing." +
-  * **Example 5:**  +
-    * 很遗憾，由于材料不全，您的贷款申请未通过**审核**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hěn yíhàn, yóuyú cáiliào bù quán, nín de dàikuǎn shēnqǐng wèi tōngguò **shěnhé**. +
-    * English: Unfortunately, because the materials were incomplete, your loan application did not pass review. +
-    * Analysis: Shows the negative outcome and the reason for failure. +
-  * **Example 6:**  +
-    * 编辑正在**审核**这篇稿件，看是否符合出版标准。 +
-    * Pinyin: Biānjí zhèngzài **shěnhé** zhè piān gǎojiàn, kàn shìfǒu fúhé chūbǎn biāozhǔn. +
-    * English: The editor is reviewing this manuscript to see if it meets the standards for publication. +
-    * Analysis: This is similar to "peer review" or editorial review. The key is checking against "standards" (标准). +
-  * **Example 7:**  +
-    * 所有出厂的产品都必须经过严格的质量**审核**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Suǒyǒu chūchǎng de chǎnpǐn dōu bìxū jīngguò yángé de zhìliàng **shěnhé**. +
-    * English: All products that leave the factory must undergo a strict quality audit. +
-    * Analysis: Here, //shěnhé// is used for quality control, emphasizing the formal, strict nature of the inspection. +
-  * **Example 8:**  +
-    * 这个视频网站对上传内容的**审核**非常慢。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège shìpín wǎngzhàn duì shàngchuán nèiróng de **shěnhé** fēicháng màn. +
-    * English: This video website's review process for uploaded content is very slow. +
-    * Analysis: //Shěnhé// can also be used as a noun, meaning "the review process" itself. +
-  * **Example 9:**  +
-    * 政府成立了一个专门的委员会来**审核**这个项目。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ chénglìle yíge zhuānmén de wěiyuánhuì lái **shěnhé** zhège xiàngmù. +
-    * English: The government established a special committee to review this project. +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates its use in a high-level, official government context. +
-  * **Example 10:**  +
-    * 如果你的账户有异常活动，系统会暂停你的权限并进行**审核**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ de zhànghù yǒu yìcháng huódòng, xìtǒng huì zàntíng nǐ de quánxiàn bìng jìnxíng **shěnhé**. +
-    * English: If your account has abnormal activity, the system will suspend your permissions and conduct a review. +
-    * Analysis: Highlights the security function of //shěnhé//, where it's triggered by a potential problem. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **审核 (shěnhé) vs. 检查 (jiǎnchá):** This is the most common point of confusion for learners. +
-    * **检查 (jiǎnchá)** means "to check" or "to inspect." It's general and can be informal. A teacher //jiǎnchá// homework (checks if it's done). You //jiǎnchá// your pockets for your keys. A doctor //jiǎnchá// a patient's body (examines). +
-    * **审核 (shěnhé)** is a formal review for approval. The teacher would not //shěnhé// your homework. You would not //shěnhé// your own pockets. +
-    * **Incorrect:** `医生审核了我的身体。` (Yīshēng shěnhéle wǒ de shēntǐ.) -> The doctor "audited" my body. +
-    * **Correct:** `医生检查了我的身体。` (Yīshēng jiǎnchále wǒ de shēntǐ.) +
-  * **"Review" is not always 审核 (shěnhé):** In English, you can "review" a movie or a book, meaning you give your opinion on it. In Chinese, this is not //shěnhé//. You would use **评论 (pínglùn)** for "to comment on" or write a **影评 (yǐngpíng)** (movie review). //Shěnhé// implies you are a gatekeeper with the authority to approve or deny it for public release based on rules, not personal taste. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[检查]] (jiǎnchá) - To check, inspect. More general and less formal than `审核`. It's about finding out the state of something, not necessarily approving it. +
-  * [[批准]] (pīzhǔn) - To approve, to ratify. This is the positive result of a successful `审核`. `审核` is the process; `批准` is the outcome. +
-  * [[审查]] (shěnchá) - To investigate, to censor. This term is much stronger and often carries a political or ideological connotation. It implies looking for "problems," especially sensitive ones. `审核` can be the neutral process used to carry out `审查`. +
-  * [[审计]] (shěnjì) - To audit. This is the specific word for a financial audit. It is a type of `审核`. +
-  * [[通过]] (tōngguò) - To pass (through). This is the verb used to describe successfully getting through a review. e.g., **通过审核** (tōngguò shěnhé). +
-  * [[把关]] (bǎguān) - To guard a pass; to check on. A more vivid and slightly more colloquial term for gatekeeping or quality control. `审核` is the formal action of `把关`. +
-  * [[监督]] (jiāndū) - To supervise, monitor. This is an ongoing process of oversight, whereas `审核` is often a specific event or checkpoint.+