工艺

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

工艺 [2025/08/10 02:01] – created xiaoer工艺 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== gōngyì: 工艺 - Craftsmanship, Technology, Process ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** gongyi, gōngyì, 工艺, Chinese craftsmanship, Chinese technology, what does gongyi mean, Chinese art and craft, manufacturing process in Chinese, Chinese technique, workmanship. +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the meaning of **工艺 (gōngyì)**, a fundamental Chinese term for craftsmanship, technology, and the artistic process of making things. This page explores how **gōngyì** is used to describe everything from ancient pottery techniques to modern manufacturing processes, providing deep cultural insights and practical examples for learners of Mandarin Chinese. It represents the crucial link between skill, art, and production. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** gōngyì +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The skill, technique, or process used in making things, encompassing both handicrafts and industrial production. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Think of **工艺 (gōngyì)** as the "how-to" behind creating an object. It's not just the final product, but the specific skill, steps, and technology involved. It can describe the delicate, hands-on process of making a teapot, the complex technology of building a smartphone, or the specific technique of a master artisan. **Gōngyì** bridges the gap between what Western culture often separates: artistic "craft" and industrial "technology." +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **工 (gōng):** This character is a pictograph of a carpenter's square. It represents work, labor, skill, and industry. +
-  * **艺 (yì):** The modern form of 藝. The ancient character depicted a person planting a sapling, symbolizing a cultivated skill. It represents art, skill, and craft. +
-  * **Combined Meaning:** The two characters together, **工艺 (gōngyì)**, literally mean "the art of work" or "the skill of industry." This perfectly captures the word's meaning: the skilled, often artistic, process of creating something. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In China, **工艺 (gōngyì)** is a concept deeply rooted in a long and celebrated history of fine craftsmanship. From the intricate processes of making silk and porcelain to the disciplined art of calligraphy, Chinese culture has always placed immense value on mastery and technique. **Gōngyì** embodies this respect for the process, not just the result. +
-A useful comparison for English speakers is to contrast **gōngyì** with the separate concepts of "craftsmanship" and "technology." +
-  * **Craftsmanship** in English often implies something handmade, traditional, and artistic, standing in opposition to mass production. +
-  * **Technology** implies something industrial, scientific, and modern, often seen as impersonal. +
-**工艺 (gōngyì)** elegantly merges these two ideas. It can refer to the ancient **gōngyì** of bronze casting just as easily as it can refer to the advanced **gōngyì** of semiconductor manufacturing. The underlying value is a respect for the skill, precision, and ingenuity of the creation process, whether it's performed by a human hand or a sophisticated machine. It reflects a cultural perspective where art and engineering are two sides of the same coin: the pursuit of creating things well. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**Gōngyì** is a very common and practical word used in various contexts: +
-  * **Arts and Handicrafts:** When discussing traditional arts, you'll frequently hear **gōngyì**. It's used to describe the specific techniques involved. For example, `陶瓷工艺 (táocí gōngyì)` is "pottery/ceramics craft." A shop selling handmade goods is a `工艺品店 (gōngyìpǐn diàn)`, or "handicraft store." +
-  * **Manufacturing and Industry:** In a factory or business setting, **gōngyì** refers to the manufacturing process or production technology. A company might want to `改进生产工艺 (gǎijìn shēngchǎn gōngyì)` - "improve the production process." +
-  * **Everyday Quality:** People use **gōngyì** to comment on the quality of workmanship of everyday objects. You might pick up a well-made piece of furniture and say, `这个桌子的工艺很好 (zhège zhuōzi de gōngyì hěn hǎo)` - "This table's craftsmanship is very good." It carries a neutral-to-positive connotation, as it focuses on the quality of the process. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 这个花瓶的**工艺**很复杂，是手工制作的。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège huāpíng de **gōngyì** hěn fùzá, shì shǒugōng zhìzuò de. +
-    * English: This vase's craftsmanship is very complex; it's handmade. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **gōngyì** refers to the intricate, skilled process of making an artistic object. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 景泰蓝是一种独特的中国传统**工艺**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jǐngtàilán shì yī zhǒng dútè de Zhōngguó chuántǒng **gōngyì**. +
-    * English: Cloisonné is a unique traditional Chinese craft. +
-    * Analysis: **Gōngyì** is used here to label an entire artistic discipline, focusing on its technical aspect. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 我们公司引进了德国的先进生产**工艺**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen gōngsī yǐnjìnle Déguó de xiānjìn shēngchǎn **gōngyì**. +
-    * English: Our company has imported advanced production technology from Germany. +
-    * Analysis: This shows **gōngyì** used in a modern, industrial context, synonymous with "process" or "technology." +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这家店卖各种各样的**工艺**品。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā diàn mài gèzhǒng gèyàng de **gōngyì**pǐn. +
-    * English: This shop sells all kinds of handicrafts. +
-    * Analysis: The compound word `工艺品 (gōngyìpǐn)` means "craft item" or "artifact"—the physical result of **gōngyì**. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 这件衣服的**工艺**太差了，线头都出来了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiàn yīfu de **gōngyì** tài chà le, xiàntóu dōu chūlái le. +
-    * English: The workmanship on this piece of clothing is terrible; the threads are all coming out. +
-    * Analysis: A great example of using **gōngyì** in a negative sense to criticize poor quality and shoddy production. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 芯片的制造**工艺**要求非常高的精度。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xīnpiàn de zhìzào **gōngyì** yāoqiú fēicháng gāo de jīngdù. +
-    * English: The manufacturing process for computer chips requires extremely high precision. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates **gōngyì** at the highest level of modern technology. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 老师傅的木工**工艺**真是一流。 +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎo shīfu de mùgōng **gōngyì** zhēn shì yīliú. +
-    * English: The old master's woodworking craftsmanship is truly top-notch. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **gōngyì** highlights an individual's personal skill and mastery. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 这种新的**工艺**不仅提高了效率，也更加环保。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè zhǒng xīn de **gōngyì** bùjǐn tígāole xiàolǜ, yě gèngjiā huánbǎo. +
-    * English: This new process not only improved efficiency but is also more environmentally friendly. +
-    * Analysis: **Gōngyì** is used to describe a whole system or method, focusing on its practical outcomes. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 学习一门**工艺**需要耐心和时间。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xuéxí yī mén **gōngyì** xūyào nàixīn hé shíjiān. +
-    * English: Learning a craft requires patience and time. +
-    * Analysis: This treats **gōngyì** as a field of study or a skill to be acquired. The measure word `门 (mén)` is often used for skills and disciplines. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 我们的产品设计师正在优化**工艺**流程。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen de chǎnpǐn shèjìshī zhèngzài yōuhuà **gōngyì** liúchéng. +
-    * English: Our product designers are currently optimizing the manufacturing process flow. +
-    * Analysis: The term `工艺流程 (gōngyì liúchéng)` is a standard business phrase for "process flow" or "workflow." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-A common point of confusion for learners is distinguishing **工艺 (gōngyì)** from `技术 (jìshù)` and `艺术 (yìshù)`. +
-  * **工艺 (gōngyì) vs. 技术 (jìshù) - Technology:** +
-    * `技术 (jìshù)` is "technology" or "technique" in a more general or abstract sense. It's the underlying knowledge. +
-    * **工艺 (gōngyì)** is the specific, applied process of **using** that technology to make something. +
-    * **Example:** The science behind creating a new alloy is `技术`. The step-by-step factory procedure for forging a sword from that alloy is `工艺`. +
-  * **工艺 (gōngyì) vs. 艺术 (yìshù) - Art:** +
-    * `艺术 (yìshù)` is "art" and focuses on the aesthetic expression, beauty, and emotional impact of the final work. +
-    * **工艺 (gōngyì)** is the *craft* or *process* used to create the work. +
-    * **Example:** A beautiful sculpture is a piece of `艺术`. The sculptor's specific method of carving the marble is their `工艺`. +
-  * **Common Mistake:** Using `艺术` to describe the workmanship of a functional object. +
-    * **Incorrect:** `这个手机的艺术很好。(Zhège shǒujī de yìshù hěn hǎo.)` This sounds strange, as if the phone itself is a work of art in a museum. +
-    * **Correct:** `这个手机的工艺很好。(Zhège shǒujī de gōngyì hěn hǎo.)` This correctly praises the manufacturing quality and design execution of the phone. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[工艺品]] (gōngyìpǐn) - Handicraft; artifact. The product created through **gōngyì**. +
-  * [[技术]] (jìshù) - Technology; skill. A broader and often more theoretical term. **Gōngyì** is the application of **jìshù**. +
-  * [[艺术]] (yìshù) - Art. The aesthetic and expressive counterpart to the technical **gōngyì**. +
-  * [[手工]] (shǒugōng) - Handmade; manual work. A specific type of **gōngyì** that emphasizes being made by hand. +
-  * [[手艺]] (shǒuyì) - Craftsmanship; skill. Very similar to **gōngyì** but tends to refer to an individual's personal, manual skill rather than an industrial process. +
-  * [[制作]] (zhìzuò) - To make; to produce. The verb for carrying out a **gōngyì**. +
-  * [[制造]] (zhìzào) - To manufacture. The large-scale, industrial version of `制作`, often involving complex **gōngyì**. +
-  * [[流程]] (liúchéng) - Process; workflow. Often combined with **gōngyì** to mean "process flow" (`工艺流程`).+