开销

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开销 [2025/08/13 04:53] – created xiaoer开销 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== kāixiāo: 开销 - Expense, Spending, Overhead ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 开销, kaixiao, Chinese for expense, Chinese for spending, cost of living in China, Chinese word for overhead, daily expenses in Chinese, how to say budget in Chinese, 开销 vs 费用, 开销 vs 成本, HSK 5 vocabulary. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **开销 (kāixiāo)**, which means "expense," "spending," or "overhead." This comprehensive guide covers everything from daily household spending to business operating costs. Understanding 开销 is crucial for discussing budgets, the cost of living, and financial planning in Mandarin Chinese, giving you a practical tool for real-world conversations. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** kāixiāo +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun (primarily), Verb (less common) +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The total sum of money spent on various items; expenditure. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **开销 (kāixiāo)** is your go-to word for the total amount of money that "goes out" to cover costs. Think of it as the sum of all your bills, purchases, and payments over a period. Whether you're talking about your personal monthly budget or a company's operating costs, 开销 captures the idea of total expenditure. It’s a slightly more formal and encompassing term than just "spending money" (花钱 - huā qián). +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **开 (kāi):** This character typically means "to open," "to start," or "to operate." In this context, imagine "opening" your wallet or "initiating" a flow of money outwards. +
-  * **销 (xiāo):** This character means "to cancel," "to melt away," or "to use up." Think of money being "used up" or "cancelled out" from your bank account as you spend it. +
-  * **Together, 开销 (kāixiāo)** paints a vivid picture: initiating a flow of money (开) that is then consumed or used up (销). This combination perfectly describes the concept of expenditure. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * **开销 (kāixiāo)** is deeply connected to the traditional Chinese cultural value of **节俭 (jiéjiǎn) - frugality**. While modern China has a booming consumer economy, the mindset of carefully managing one's expenses remains important for many families. A large or uncontrolled 开销 is often seen as a source of stress and a sign of poor planning. +
-  * In Western, particularly American culture, "spending" can be viewed neutrally or even positively (e.g., "consumer spending drives the economy"). In a traditional Chinese context, discussing one's 开销 is often framed around the need to control or reduce it. The focus is less on what was acquired and more on the financial outlay itself. It's common to hear people say, "这个月开销太大了" (The expenses this month were too big), expressing a sense of financial pressure. This reflects a pragmatic and often cautious approach to personal and family finance. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **Personal Finance:** This is the most common usage. People use 开销 to discuss their daily, monthly, or yearly expenses. It's the central term when creating a budget (做预算 - zuò yùsuàn) or discussing the cost of living. +
-  * **Business Context:** In business, 开销 refers to general operating expenses or overhead—costs like rent, salaries, and utilities that aren't directly tied to producing a single product. For the specific cost of producing goods, the term **成本 (chéngběn)** is more precise. +
-  * **Formality and Connotation:** 开销 is a neutral, standard term suitable for both spoken and written Chinese. It's slightly more formal than its close synonym **花销 (huāxiāo)**. Having a large **开销 (kāixiāo hěn dà)** is almost always a negative or stressful thing, while having a small **开销 (kāixiāo hěn xiǎo)** is seen as positive and efficient. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 我们家每个月的**开销**差不多要五千块。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen jiā měi ge yuè de **kāixiāo** chàbuduō yào wǔqiān kuài. +
-    * English: Our family's monthly expenses are about 5,000 yuan. +
-    * Analysis: A very common and neutral sentence for stating one's regular household expenses. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 在上海这样的大城市，生活**开销**非常大。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài Shànghǎi zhèyàng de dà chéngshì, shēnghuó **kāixiāo** fēicháng dà. +
-    * English: In a big city like Shanghai, the cost of living (lit: life expenses) is very high. +
-    * Analysis: Here, 开销 is combined with 生活 (shēnghuó - life) to specifically mean "cost of living." +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 为了省钱，我必须想办法减少日常**开销**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wèile shěng qián, wǒ bìxū xiǎng bànfǎ jiǎnshǎo rìcháng **kāixiāo**. +
-    * English: In order to save money, I must find a way to reduce daily expenses. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence highlights the common goal associated with 开销: reducing it. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这次旅行的**开销**是谁负责？ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì lǚxíng de **kāixiāo** shì shéi fùzé? +
-    * English: Who is responsible for the expenses for this trip? +
-    * Analysis: Shows how 开销 is used to refer to the total cost of a specific event or project. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 公司需要控制不必要的**开销**来提高利润。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī xūyào kòngzhì bù bìyào de **kāixiāo** lái tígāo lìrùn. +
-    * English: The company needs to control unnecessary overhead to increase profits. +
-    * Analysis: A typical example of using 开销 in a business context to mean overhead or operating expenses. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 你买这么多东西，不怕**开销**太大吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ mǎi zhème duō dōngxi, bùpà **kāixiāo** tài dà ma? +
-    * English: You're buying so many things, aren't you worried the expenses will be too high? +
-    * Analysis: A sentence expressing concern or mild criticism about someone's spending habits. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 除去房租和饭钱，我每月的固定**开销**并不多。 +
-    * Pinyin: Chúqù fángzū hé fànqián, wǒ měi yuè de gùdìng **kāixiāo** bìng bù duō. +
-    * English: Excluding rent and food money, my fixed monthly expenses are not that high. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates how you can categorize expenses, using 固定 (gùdìng - fixed) to modify 开销. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 孩子的教育是一笔不小的**开销**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Háizi de jiàoyù shì yī bǐ bù xiǎo de **kāixiāo**. +
-    * English: A child's education is a significant expense. +
-    * Analysis: The measure word for a sum of money, 笔 (bǐ), is often used with 开销 to quantify it as a single, large item of expenditure. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 最近家里添了一个新成员，**开销**也跟着增加了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zuìjìn jiālǐ tiānle yī ge xīn chéngyuán, **kāixiāo** yě gēnzhe zēngjiāle. +
-    * English: Recently our family had a new member, and the expenses increased accordingly. +
-    * Analysis: A sentence showing a direct cause-and-effect relationship involving expenses. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 这笔钱是用来**开销**的，不是让你存起来的。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè bǐ qián shì yònglái **kāixiāo** de, bùshì ràng nǐ cún qǐlái de. +
-    * English: This money is for spending, not for you to save. +
-    * Analysis: A less common but valid example where 开销 functions as a verb, "to spend" or "to cover expenses." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **开销 (kāixiāo) vs. 费用 (fèiyòng):** This is a key distinction. +
-    * **开销 (kāixiāo)** is the *total sum* of money spent. It's the big picture. +
-    * **费用 (fèiyòng)** refers to *specific fees or charges* for a service. +
-    * **Analogy:** Your monthly **开销** (total expenses) is made up of many different **费用** (fees), such as 学费 (xuéfèi - tuition fee), 水电费 (shuǐdiànfèi - utility fee), and 手续费 (shǒuxùfèi - processing fee). You pay `费用`, and they add up to your `开销`. +
-    * **Incorrect:** ~~我的每月水电开销是200元。~~ (My monthly utility expense is 200 yuan.) +
-    * **Correct:** 我的每月水电**费用**是200元。 (My monthly utility **fee** is 200 yuan.) +
-  * **开销 (kāixiāo) vs. 成本 (chéngběn):** +
-    * **成本 (chéngběn)** is "cost" in a production or business sense—the direct cost to create a product (raw materials, labor). +
-    * **开销 (kāixiāo)** is broader and includes general overhead (rent, marketing, salaries) in addition to production costs. +
-    * **For personal life, always use 开销, not 成本.** You can't say your "cost of living" is `生活成本`, it must be `生活开销` or `生活费用`. +
-  * **开销 (kāixiāo) vs. 花销 (huāxiāo):** +
-    * These two are very close synonyms and often interchangeable in daily conversation. +
-    * **花销 (huāxiāo)** is slightly more colloquial and informal. +
-    * **开销 (kāixiāo)** is more standard and can be used in slightly more formal or written contexts, like a business report. When in doubt, 开销 is a safe choice. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[费用]] (fèiyòng)** - Fee, charge, cost. The specific payments that constitute your total 开销. +
-  * **[[成本]] (chéngběn)** - Cost. The direct cost of production for a business; more specific than 开销. +
-  * **[[花销]] (huāxiāo)** - A slightly more informal synonym for expense or spending. +
-  * **[[支出]] (zhīchū)** - Expenditure, outlay. A formal accounting term; the direct antonym of 收入 (income). +
-  * **[[收入]] (shōurù)** - Income, revenue. The money you earn, the opposite of what you spend (开销). +
-  * **[[预算]] (yùsuàn)** - Budget. The financial plan you make to manage your future 开销. +
-  * **[[花钱]] (huā qián)** - To spend money. This is the verb phrase, whereas 开销 is the resulting noun. +
-  * **[[消费]] (xiāofèi)** - To consume; consumption. A broader economic term for the act of using goods and services. +
-  * **[[节俭]] (jiéjiǎn)** - Frugal, thrifty. The cultural virtue of keeping one's 开销 low. +
-  * **[[工资]] (gōngzī)** - Salary, wages. A primary source of 收入 (income) used to cover one's 开销.+