得分

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

得分 [2025/08/12 13:24] – created xiaoer得分 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== dé fēn: 得分 - To Score a Point, Get Points, Earn Marks ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 得分, de fen, dé fēn, score points in Chinese, get points Chinese, earn marks, Chinese for sports score, Chinese for test score, test score in Chinese, 得分 meaning, HSK 4 vocabulary. +
-  * **Summary:** An essential Chinese term for learners, **得分 (défēn)** literally means "to get points." It's a versatile verb-object phrase used in any context involving scores, from sports and video games to crucial academic exams. Understanding **得分** is key to discussing performance, competition, and achievement in Mandarin Chinese. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** dé fēn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb-Object Phrase (Functions as a Verb) +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To obtain points or marks in a competition, game, or test. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **得分** is the direct and most common way to talk about the action of scoring. It's composed of **得 (dé)**, meaning "to get/obtain," and **分 (fēn)**, meaning "points/marks." Think of it as the fundamental action in any competitive or evaluative setting. Whether a basketball player makes a shot, you get a question right on a quiz, or your team wins a round in a game, the action is **得分**. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **得 (dé):** This character means "to get," "to obtain," or "to acquire." It features the radical 彳(chì) on the left, which is related to walking or movement, suggesting the action of going out to achieve or receive something. +
-  * **分 (fēn):** This character means "point," "mark," "minute," or "to divide." The top part (八) represents separating, and the bottom part (刀) is a knife. The original idea was using a knife to divide something, which evolved to mean a "part" of a whole, and in this context, a "point" as a unit of a total score. +
-  * **Combined Meaning:** The logic is beautifully simple: "to get" (得) + "points" (分) = **得分** (to score points). +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While **得分** has a direct English equivalent in "to score," its cultural weight in China is deeply connected to the country's high-stakes academic environment. +
-In the West, "scoring points" is heavily associated with sports. In China, while it's certainly used for sports, its most significant context is education. The national college entrance exam, the **高考 (gāokǎo)**, is an event where a student's entire future can be determined by their final score. In this environment, the act of **得分** on each question is not just a small victory; it's a step toward a better life. The pressure to **得高分 (dé gāo fēn)**, "to get a high score," is immense and shapes Chinese family life and education from a very young age. +
-Compared to the American concept of "getting a good grade," which is important but often part of a more holistic evaluation (including essays, participation, etc.), the Chinese system traditionally places a much heavier emphasis on the final exam score (**分数**). Therefore, the action of **得分** takes on a more intense, high-stakes connotation in academic contexts. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**得分** is a high-frequency term used in daily life across several domains: +
-  * **Sports:** This is the most direct usage. You'll hear it constantly from sports commentators and fans. +
-    * e.g., "太棒了，他**得分**了！" (Tài bàng le, tā défēn le!) - "Awesome, he scored!" +
-  * **Academics:** It's used to talk about the action of getting marks on a test or assignment. +
-    * e.g., "这道题你**得分**了吗？" (Zhè dào tí nǐ défēn le ma?) - "Did you get points for this question?" +
-  * **Games:** Whether it's a board game or a video game, **得分** is the term for earning points. +
-    * e.g., "完成这个任务可以**得分**。" (Wánchéng zhège rènwù kěyǐ défēn.) - "Completing this mission lets you score points." +
-  * **Figurative Usage (Caution!):** While English speakers often use "score points" metaphorically (e.g., "I scored points with the boss"), this is **not** a common direct usage for **得分**. Using it this way can sound awkward or like a literal translation. The term **[[加分]] (jiāfēn)**, meaning "to add points," is much more natural for this "brownie points" concept. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 恭喜！我们的球队终于**得分**了！ +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngxǐ! Wǒmen de qiúduì zhōngyú **défēn** le! +
-    * English: Congratulations! Our team finally scored! +
-    * Analysis: A classic example used in a sports context. The particle **了 (le)** indicates a completed action or change of state—the score was zero, and now it's not. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 这次数学考试，我希望至少能**得**80**分**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì shùxué kǎoshì, wǒ xīwàng zhìshǎo néng **dé** 80 **fēn**. +
-    * English: For this math test, I hope to get at least 80 points. +
-    * Analysis: Here, the verb-object phrase is split to include a specific number. This is a very common structure: **得 + [Number] + 分**. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 只要你回答正确，就能**得分**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhǐyào nǐ huídá zhèngquè, jiù néng **défēn**. +
-    * English: As long as you answer correctly, you can score points. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates a cause-and-effect relationship, typical in game shows or classroom instructions. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 詹姆斯是全场**得分**最高的球员。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhānmǔsī shì quán chǎng **défēn** zuì gāo de qiúyuán. +
-    * English: James was the player with the highest score in the whole game. +
-    * Analysis: In this sentence, **得分** functions like a noun modifier, describing the player. It means "the highest-scoring player." +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 他因为犯规，没能**得分**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā yīnwèi fànguī, méi néng **défēn**. +
-    * English: He couldn't score because he committed a foul. +
-    * Analysis: This shows the negative form, using **没能 (méi néng)** to mean "was not able to." +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 在比赛中，防守和**得分**同样重要。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài bǐsài zhōng, fángshǒu hé **défēn** tóngyàng zhòngyào. +
-    * English: In a competition, defense and scoring are equally important. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **得分** is used as a noun concept, "the act of scoring," parallel to **防守 (fángshǒu)**, "defense." +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 怎样才能在这种游戏中快速**得分**？ +
-    * Pinyin: Zěnyàng cáinéng zài zhè zhǒng yóuxì zhōng kuàisù **défēn**? +
-    * English: How can one score points quickly in this type of game? +
-    * Analysis: A typical question asking about the strategy of scoring. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 这篇文章的语法错误太多，所以没**得**几**分**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè piān wénzhāng de yǔfǎ cuòwù tài duō, suǒyǐ méi **dé** jǐ **fēn**. +
-    * English: This essay had too many grammar mistakes, so it didn't get many points. +
-    * Analysis: Another example of splitting the phrase. **没得几分 (méi dé jǐ fēn)** is a colloquial way of saying "didn't get many points." +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 裁判判定进球有效，蓝队**得**一**分**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Cáipàn pàndìng jìnqiú yǒuxiào, lán duì **dé** yī **fēn**. +
-    * English: The referee ruled the goal valid, the blue team scores one point. +
-    * Analysis: This is formal language you might hear from a commentator, again splitting the phrase to specify the number of points. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 他的策略不是自己**得分**，而是帮助队友**得分**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā de cèlüè bùshì zìjǐ **défēn**, érshì bāngzhù duìyǒu **défēn**. +
-    * English: His strategy is not to score himself, but to help his teammates score. +
-    * Analysis: This example contrasts scoring oneself versus enabling others, highlighting **得分** as a clear, distinct action. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **得分 (défēn) vs. 分数 (fēnshù):** This is the most critical distinction for learners. +
-    * **得分 (défēn)** is the **ACTION** of scoring. (Verb) +
-    * **分数 (fēnshù)** is the **RESULT**, the score/grade itself. (Noun) +
-    * **Correct:** 他**得分**了。(Tā défēn le.) - He scored. (Action) +
-    * **Correct:** 他的**分数**是100分。(Tā de fēnshù shì 100 fēn.) - His score is 100 points. (Result/Noun) +
-    * **Incorrect:** 我**分数**了。(Wǒ fēnshù le.) +
-    * **Awkward but Understandable:** 我的**得分**很高。(Wǒ de défēn hěn gāo.) - While grammatically possible, it's much more natural to say 我的**分数**很高 (Wǒ de fēnshù hěn gāo) when referring to the resulting score. +
-  * **False Friend - "Scoring Points" Metaphorically:** +
-    * As mentioned earlier, do not directly translate the English idiom "to score points with someone" (i.e., to gain favor). +
-    * **Incorrect:** 我帮了老板一个忙，我**得分**了。(Wǒ bāngle lǎobǎn yí ge máng, wǒ défēn le.) - This sounds like you and your boss were playing a game. +
-    * **Correct:** 我帮了老板一个忙，这很**加分**。(Wǒ bāngle lǎobǎn yí ge máng, zhè hěn jiāfēn.) - "I helped the boss out, this really adds points (gains me favor)." **加分 (jiāfēn)** is the correct term for this context. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[分数]] (fēnshù):** The noun for "score" or "grade." The result of the action **得分**. +
-  * **[[比分]] (bǐfēn):** The overall score of a match, expressed as a ratio (e.g., 2:1). Specific to competitive games. +
-  * **[[加分]] (jiāfēn):** To add points. Used for extra credit or, metaphorically, to gain favor ("brownie points"). +
-  * **[[扣分]] (kòufēn):** To deduct points. The opposite of **加分**, often used for penalties or mistakes. +
-  * **[[满分]] (mǎnfēn):** A perfect score, full marks. The best possible outcome of **得分**. +
-  * **[[及格]] (jígé):** To pass an exam. You must **得分** above a certain threshold to **及格**. +
-  * **[[进球]] (jìnqiú):** To score a goal (in sports like soccer or hockey). A more specific type of **得分**. +
-  * **[[赢]] (yíng):** To win. Usually, the team that **得分** more will **赢**. +
-  * **[[输]] (shū):** To lose. The opposite of **赢**. +
-  * **[[成绩]] (chéngjì):** Results, grades, achievement. A broader term than **分数**, encompassing overall academic performance.+