性能

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性能 [2025/08/11 23:56] – created xiaoer性能 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== xìngnéng: 性能 - Performance, Capability, Function ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** xingneng, 性能, Chinese performance, product performance, computer performance, car performance, job performance, 性, 能, Chinese tech terms, HSK 5 +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **性能 (xìngnéng)**, which means "performance" or "capability." This page provides a deep dive for English speakers on how to use `性能` correctly, primarily when discussing the technical performance of products like phones, computers, and cars. We'll explore its character origins, cultural significance in modern tech-savvy China, and contrast it with other Chinese words like `表现 (biǎoxiàn)` to avoid common mistakes. With over 10 practical example sentences, this guide will help you master a crucial term for everyday conversation and understanding Chinese product reviews. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** xìngnéng +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The inherent capabilities and operational effectiveness of a machine, system, or product. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** `性能` is your go-to word for "performance," but specifically in a technical or mechanical sense. It's not about an actor's performance on stage, but rather about how well a machine or device does its job. Think of it as the "report card" for a product's speed, power, efficiency, and overall capability. If you're talking about specs, gadgets, or anything with an engine or a processor, you're talking about its `性能`. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **性 (xìng):** This character's core meaning is "nature," "property," or "inherent quality." It's often used as a suffix to turn a word into a concept, similar to "-ness" or "-ity" in English (e.g., `可能性 kěnéng xìng` - possibility). +
-  * **能 (néng):** This character means "ability," "capability," or "can." It points to potential and power. +
-  * **Combined Meaning:** When you put them together, `性能 (xìngnéng)` literally translates to "the nature of ability" or "inherent capability." This beautifully captures the idea of a product's built-in, measurable performance characteristics. It's not just what it *can* do, but the very *nature* of its ability to do it. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In a country that has experienced explosive technological growth, `性能` has become a cornerstone of modern consumer culture. Walk into any electronics market in China or browse websites like Taobao and JD.com, and you'll be bombarded with discussions about `性能`. +
-The term reflects a deeply pragmatic mindset. Chinese consumers are often highly informed about technical specifications (`参数 cānshù`) and a product's `性能` is a primary factor in their purchasing decisions. This has given rise to the ubiquitous concept of `性价比 (xìngjiàbǐ)`, or the "performance-to-price ratio." Getting a product with high `性能` for a low price is a major goal for shoppers. +
-**Comparison to Western Culture:** While "performance" is a broad term in English, `性能` is much more specific. In English, we might say, "She gave a great performance at the meeting." A direct translation using `性能` would sound bizarre, as if you were evaluating a colleague like a piece of hardware. The Chinese equivalent for human performance is `表现 (biǎoxiàn)`. This distinction highlights how `性能` is almost exclusively reserved for the objective, measurable world of objects and systems, reflecting a clear separation between the human and the mechanical. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-`性能` is used constantly in a variety of modern contexts, almost always referring to non-human things. +
-  * **Technology and Electronics:** This is the most common usage. It describes the speed, power, and responsiveness of smartphones, laptops, gaming consoles, and cameras. A "high-performance computer" is a `高性能电脑 (gāo xìngnéng diànnǎo)`. +
-  * **Automotive:** `性能` is used to discuss a car's engine power, acceleration, handling, and fuel efficiency. Car enthusiasts will often debate the `性能` of different models. +
-  * **Software and Systems:** You can talk about the `性能` of an app, an operating system, or a network. This usually refers to its speed, stability, and lack of lag. An update might "optimize performance" (`优化性能 yōuhuà xìngnéng`). +
-  * **Appliances and Equipment:** From air conditioners to power tools, any machine's effectiveness and efficiency can be described by its `性能`. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 这款手机的**性能**非常好,运行速度很快。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè kuǎn shǒujī de **xìngnéng** fēicháng hǎo, yùnxíng sùdù hěn kuài. +
-    * English: This phone's performance is excellent; it runs very fast. +
-    * Analysis: A classic and very common example of evaluating a consumer electronic device. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 我买电脑的时候,最看重的是**性能**和价格。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ mǎi diànnǎo de shíhou, zuì kànzhòng de shì **xìngnéng** hé jiàgé. +
-    * English: When I buy a computer, what I value most are performance and price. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence directly links `性能` to consumer decisions, touching upon the concept of `性价比 (xìngjiàbǐ)`. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 为了提高游戏**性能**,他换了一张新的显卡。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wèile tígāo yóuxì **xìngnéng**, tā huànle yī zhāng xīn de xiǎnkǎ. +
-    * English: In order to improve gaming performance, he swapped in a new graphics card. +
-    * Analysis: This shows a specific action taken to improve `性能`. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这辆跑车的安全**性能**和操控**性能**都很出色。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè liàng pǎochē de ānquán **xìngnéng** hé cāokòng **xìngnéng** dōu hěn chūsè. +
-    * English: This sports car's safety performance and handling performance are both outstanding. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates how `性能` can be combined with other nouns (like `安全` safety or `操控` handling) to refer to specific aspects of performance. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 这台服务器的**性能**能满足我们公司的需求吗? +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè tái fúwùqì de **xìngnéng** néng mǎnzú wǒmen gōngsī de xūqiú ma? +
-    * English: Can this server's performance meet our company's needs? +
-    * Analysis: Here, `性能` is used in a business/IT context, referring to infrastructure. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 虽然设计很漂亮,但这台笔记本电脑的**性能**太差了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Suīrán shèjì hěn piàoliang, dàn zhè tái bǐjìběn diànnǎo de **xìngnéng** tài chà le. +
-    * English: Although the design is beautiful, this laptop's performance is too poor. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence contrasts aesthetics with `性能`, highlighting that they are separate qualities. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 软件的最新更新主要是**性能**优化。 +
-    * Pinyin: Ruǎnjiàn de zuìxīn gēngxīn zhǔyào shi **xìngnéng** yōuhuà. +
-    * English: The software's latest update is mainly performance optimization. +
-    * Analysis: `性能优化 (xìngnéng yōuhuà)` is a very common technical phrase. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 我们需要对新系统进行**性能**测试。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào duì xīn xìtǒng jìnxíng **xìngnéng** cèshì. +
-    * English: We need to conduct performance testing on the new system. +
-    * Analysis: `性能测试 (xìngnéng cèshì)` is another key technical term. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 低温会影响电池的**性能**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Dīwēn huì yǐngxiǎng diànchí de **xìngnéng**. +
-    * English: Low temperatures will affect the battery's performance. +
-    * Analysis: This shows how external factors can influence a device's `性能`. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 这款吸尘器的**性能**比旧款提升了百分之三十。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè kuǎn xīchénqì de **xìngnéng** bǐ jiù kuǎn tíshēngle bǎifēnzhī sānshí. +
-    * English: This vacuum cleaner's performance has improved by 30% compared to the old model. +
-    * Analysis: This illustrates how `性能` is often discussed in quantifiable, measurable terms. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most significant pitfall for English speakers is using `性能` too broadly, like the English word "performance." +
-  *   **Mistake 1: Describing Human Actions.** +
-    *   **Incorrect:** 那个演员的**性能**很棒。(Nàge yǎnyuán de **xìngnéng** hěn bàng.) - This sounds like you are analyzing the actor as a robot. +
-    *   **Correct:** 那个演员的**表演**很棒。(Nàge yǎnyuán de **biǎoyǎn** hěn bàng.) - Use `表演 (biǎoyǎn)` for an artistic performance (acting, singing, dancing). +
-  *   **Mistake 2: Describing Job/Academic Performance.** +
-    *   **Incorrect:** 他在公司的**性能**很好。(Tā zài gōngsī de **xìngnéng** hěn hǎo.) - Again, this is dehumanizing. +
-    *   **Correct:** 他在公司的**表现**很好。(Tā zài gōngsī de **biǎoxiàn** hěn hǎo.) - Use `表现 (biǎoxiàn)` for general behavior, conduct, or performance in a role (work, school). +
-In short, remember this rule: **If it has a processor, an engine, or is a type of machine/system, use `性能`. If it's a person, use `表现` (for work/behavior) or `表演` (for the arts).** +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[表现]] (biǎoxiàn) - Performance or behavior, specifically for people. This is the most important term to distinguish from `性能`. +
-  * [[功能]] (gōngnéng) - Function or feature. A product has many `功能`; its `性能` is how well those functions work. +
-  * [[效率]] (xiàolǜ) - Efficiency. High `性能` often results in high `效率`. +
-  * [[质量]] (zhìliàng) - Quality (especially build quality, reliability). A device can have high `性能` but poor `质量` (e.g., powerful but breaks easily). +
-  * [[性价比]] (xìngjiàbǐ) - Performance-to-price ratio. A crucial concept in Chinese consumerism, where `性` is short for `性能`. +
-  * [[配置]] (pèizhì) - Configuration, specs. The technical `配置` of a device determines its `性能`. +
-  * [[参数]] (cānshù) - Parameters. The specific numbers and data (e.g., GHz, GB of RAM) that define a product's `配置` and `性能`. +
-  * [[优化]] (yōuhuà) - To optimize. A common verb used with `性能`, e.g., "to optimize performance." +
-  * [[表演]] (biǎoyǎn) - A performance or show (artistic). The correct term for a concert, play, etc. +
-  * [[能力]] (nénglì) - Ability, capability. A more general term for ability that can be used for both people and things, but `性能` is more specific to technical performance.+