愤恨

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愤恨 [2025/08/13 19:28] – created xiaoer愤恨 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== fènhèn: 愤恨 - Indignation, Resentment, Bitter Hatred ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** fenhen, 愤恨, Chinese word for resentment, indignant hatred, deep anger in Chinese, how to say resentment in Chinese, what does fenhen mean, Chinese culture, learning Mandarin, HSK 6 vocabulary. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the meaning and use of **愤恨 (fènhèn)**, a powerful Chinese word describing a deep and bitter hatred mixed with indignation. This page breaks down the characters 愤 (fèn) and 恨 (hèn), explains its cultural significance in contexts of injustice, and provides 10 practical example sentences. Understand the crucial difference between **愤恨 (fènhèn)** and simple anger (生气 shēngqì) to use this advanced term correctly. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fènhèn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun / Verb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 6 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A deep, enduring, and bitter feeling of hatred combined with indignation, typically stemming from a grave injustice or betrayal. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Imagine you were profoundly wronged—not just annoyed, but deeply betrayed or treated unfairly. The emotion you feel isn't just a flash of anger; it's a long-lasting, bitter resentment combined with a sense of righteous indignation. That complex, heavy emotion is **愤恨 (fènhèn)**. It's the anger that remains long after the initial event, simmering with a sense of injustice. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **愤 (fèn):** This character is composed of the "heart" radical (忄) on the left and 贲 (bì/bēn) on the right, which suggests something rushing forth. Thus, 愤 (fèn) depicts a strong emotion—indignation or fury—bursting from one's heart. +
-  * **恨 (hèn):** This character also contains the "heart" radical (忄) combined with 艮 (gèn), which can mean "to stop" or "to hold firm." This suggests an emotion that is "stuck" or held stubbornly in the heart. This is hatred, resentment, or regret. +
-When combined, **愤恨 (fènhèn)** paints a vivid picture: the initial, bursting indignation (愤) solidifies into a long-lasting, firmly held hatred (恨). +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese culture, maintaining harmony and avoiding direct confrontation is often valued. Therefore, an open expression of **愤恨 (fènhèn)** signifies an extremely serious situation where social harmony has been irrevocably shattered by a profound injustice. It is not a trivial emotion. +
-A useful comparison in Western culture is the difference between "being mad" and having a "vendetta." You might be mad at someone for cutting you in line, but you would feel **愤恨 (fènhèn)** towards a business partner who embezzled your life savings and destroyed your family's reputation. The latter carries a weight of moral injury and deep-seated animosity that simple anger does not. **愤恨 (fènhèn)** is the kind of emotion that fuels epic tragedies and stories of revenge, often rooted in a perceived betrayal of trust, fairness, or national dignity. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-Due to its intensity, **愤恨 (fènhèn)** is not a common word in casual, daily conversation. You would sound overly dramatic using it for minor annoyances. +
-  *   **Formal and Literary Contexts:** It is most often found in literature, news reporting, historical accounts, and formal speeches to describe feelings related to deep personal betrayal, social injustice, historical grievances, or criminal acts. +
-  *   **Describing Intense Personal Feelings:** In conversation, a person might use it to describe their feelings about a life-altering negative event, such as being framed for a crime or being cheated by a close friend. +
-  *   **Connotation and Formality:** The connotation is always strongly negative. It is a formal and serious term. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-  * 他对背叛他的朋友充满了**愤恨**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā duì bèipàn tā de péngyǒu chōngmǎn le **fènhèn**. +
-  * English: He was filled with **bitter resentment** towards the friend who betrayed him. +
-  * Analysis: This is a classic use of **愤恨**, linking it directly to the act of betrayal, which is a common cause for this emotion. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-  * 受害者家属的眼中流露出深深的**愤恨**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Shòuhàizhě jiāshǔ de yǎnzhōng liúlù chū shēnshēn de **fènhèn**. +
-  * English: The victim's family members' eyes revealed a deep **indignant hatred**. +
-  * Analysis: Here, **愤恨** is used as a noun to describe the profound emotional state of those who have suffered a great loss due to a crime. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-  * 面对社会的不公，他心中燃起了**愤恨**的火焰。 +
-  * Pinyin: Miànduì shèhuì de bùgōng, tā xīnzhōng ránqǐ le **fènhèn** de huǒyàn. +
-  * English: Facing social injustice, a flame of **indignant hatred** ignited in his heart. +
-  * Analysis: This sentence uses a powerful metaphor ("flame of 愤恨") to show how witnessing injustice can create this intense emotion. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-  * 我**愤恨**的不是失败本身，而是导致失败的不公平的规则。 +
-  * Pinyin: Wǒ **fènhèn** de bùshì shībài běnshēn, érshì dǎozhì shībài de bù gōngpíng de guīzé. +
-  * English: What I **bitterly resent** is not the failure itself, but the unfair rules that led to it. +
-  * Analysis: This shows **愤恨** used as a verb. The speaker clarifies the source of their resentment: the injustice of the system, not the outcome. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-  * 这段屈辱的历史让许多人至今仍心怀**愤恨**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Zhè duàn qūrǔ de lìshǐ ràng xǔduō rén zhìjīn réng xīnhuái **fènhèn**. +
-  * English: This period of humiliating history makes many people still harbor **bitter resentment** today. +
-  * Analysis: This example highlights how **愤恨** can be a collective, historical emotion felt by a group or nation. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-  * 她无法忘记老板对她的诬陷，心中充满了**愤恨**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā wúfǎ wàngjì lǎobǎn duì tā de wūxiàn, xīnzhōng chōngmǎn le **fènhèn**. +
-  * English: She couldn't forget how her boss framed her, and her heart was filled with **resentment**. +
-  * Analysis: This links **愤恨** to a specific, deeply personal injustice—being falsely accused (诬陷 wūxiàn). +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-  * 他用**愤恨**的目光瞪着那个骗子。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā yòng **fènhèn** de mùguāng dèngzhe nàge piànzi. +
-  * English: He glared at that swindler with a look of **bitter hatred**. +
-  * Analysis: Here, **愤恨** is used as an adjective to modify "gaze" (目光 mùguāng), showing how the emotion is expressed physically. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-  * 多年的压迫使他们对统治者产生了强烈的**愤恨**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Duōnián de yāpò shǐ tāmen duì tǒngzhìzhě chǎnshēngle qiángliè de **fènhèn**. +
-  * English: Years of oppression caused them to develop intense **animosity** towards their rulers. +
-  * Analysis: This demonstrates how **愤恨** can build up over time as a result of sustained mistreatment or oppression. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-  * 他的话语里带着一丝无法掩饰的**愤恨**。 +
-  * Pinyin: Tā de huàyǔ lǐ dàizhe yīsī wúfǎ yǎnshì de **fènhèn**. +
-  * English: His words carried a trace of unconcealable **bitterness and indignation**. +
-  * Analysis: This shows that even if someone tries to hide it, a powerful emotion like **愤恨** can still be detected. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-  * 你不应该让**愤恨**吞噬你的理智。 +
-  * Pinyin: Nǐ bù yìnggāi ràng **fènhèn** tūnshì nǐ de lǐzhì. +
-  * English: You shouldn't let **bitter resentment** consume your rationality. +
-  * Analysis: This sentence treats **愤恨** as a destructive force, offering a piece of advice and highlighting its negative power. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  *   **Don't use for minor anger:** The most common mistake is to use **愤恨** for everyday anger or frustration. It is far too strong. +
-    *   **Incorrect:** 我很**愤恨**今天又堵车了。(Wǒ hěn **fènhèn** jīntiān yòu dǔchē le.) - "I bitterly resent the traffic jam again today." (Sounds absurdly dramatic). +
-    *   **Correct:** 我很**讨厌**今天又堵车了。(Wǒ hěn **tǎoyàn** jīntiān yòu dǔchē le.) - "I really **hate/am annoyed by** the traffic jam again today." Or simply, 今天堵车，真**生气**！ (Jīntiān dǔchē, zhēn **shēngqì**!) - "The traffic is bad today, I'm so **mad**!" +
-  *   **Difference from 愤怒 (fènnù):** **愤怒 (fènnù)** means "fury" or "rage." It is a strong, often explosive burst of anger. **愤恨 (fènhèn)** is deeper, longer-lasting, and mixed with the bitterness of resentment (恨 hèn). Fury can fade, but **愤恨** lingers. +
-  *   **"False Friend" with "Hate":** While **愤恨** involves hatred, it's not a perfect match for the English word "hate." The English "hate" can be irrational or used for trivial things ("I hate broccoli"). **愤恨 (fènhèn)** almost always implies a specific, justifiable cause based on injustice or betrayal. It contains the "indignation" (愤 fèn) that "hate" might lack. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   **[[愤怒]] (fènnù):** Fury, rage. A more immediate and explosive form of anger than the long-simmering **愤恨**. +
-  *   **[[怨恨]] (yuànhèn):** Grudge, resentment. Similar to **愤恨**, but focuses more on the feeling of grievance and complaint (怨 yuàn) rather than the fiery indignation (愤 fèn). +
-  *   **[[憎恨]] (zēnghèn):** To loathe, detest. A deep and visceral hatred, perhaps less tied to a specific incident of injustice and more to a person's entire being. +
-  *   **[[仇恨]] (chóuhèn):** Hatred, enmity. Specifically implies the hatred one feels for an enemy (仇人 chóurén) and is often used in the context of feuds or war. +
-  *   **[[生气]] (shēngqì):** To get angry/mad. The most common, everyday term for anger. It is much milder and more general than **愤恨**. +
-  *   **[[不满]] (bùmǎn):** Dissatisfied, discontented. A mild feeling of displeasure or unhappiness with a situation, far from the intensity of **愤恨**. +
-  *   **[[不平]] (bùpíng):** Injustice, unfairness. Often the root cause that leads to the feeling of **愤恨**. You feel **愤恨** *because of* **不平**.+