成绩

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

成绩 [2025/08/12 00:30] – created xiaoer成绩 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== chéngjì: 成绩 - Grades, Results, Performance, Achievement ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** chengji, 成绩, Chinese for grades, Chinese for results, what does chengji mean, academic performance in Chinese, Chinese test scores, HSK vocabulary, learning Chinese +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the essential Chinese word **成绩 (chéngjì)**, which means "grades," "results," or "performance." This comprehensive guide explores its deep cultural significance in China's high-pressure education system, its practical use in both school and the workplace, and provides numerous example sentences. Understand why **成绩** is more than just a score—it's a reflection of diligence, family honor, and future opportunities in Chinese culture. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** chéngjì +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The results or achievements obtained from work, study, or competition. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **成绩 (chéngjì)** is the quantifiable outcome of effort. While it's most commonly translated as "grades" in an academic context, it applies to any situation where performance can be measured—from exam scores and sales figures to a runner's time in a race. Think of it as the final, objective "scorecard" of an endeavor. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **成 (chéng):** This character means "to complete," "to accomplish," or "to succeed." It's a foundational character for concepts related to completion and success. +
-  * **绩 (jì):** This character means "merit," "accomplishment," or "result." The left-side radical is 糸 (sī), which means "silk" or "thread." Historically, it was related to the results of weaving or spinning thread—a task where one's output (achievements) could be clearly measured. +
-  * **Together, 成绩 (chéngjì)** literally translates to "completed merits" or "accomplished results." This combination perfectly captures the idea of a final, measurable achievement after a period of work or study. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese culture, **成绩 (chéngjì)** carries a weight far beyond its English equivalent of "grades." It is a central pillar of the education system and a frequent topic of conversation within families and society at large. +
-  *   **The Gaokao (高考) and Immense Pressure:** The entire education system is geared towards the **高考 (gāokǎo)**, the notoriously difficult national college entrance exam. A student's **成绩** on this single test can determine their entire future: which university they can attend, their future career prospects, and even their social standing. This creates immense pressure on students from a very young age to achieve outstanding **成绩**. +
-  *   **Family Honor and Collective Success:** Unlike the more individualistic view of achievement in the West, a child's **成绩** is often seen as a direct reflection on their parents and family. Good **成绩** brings honor and "face" (面子 - miànzi) to the entire family, while poor **成绩** can be a source of shame. This links academic performance to filial piety and collective family success. +
-  *   **Comparison to "Grades":** In the West, "grades" are certainly important, but they are often balanced with concepts like personal development, creativity, and extracurricular activities. In China, **成绩** is often the primary, and sometimes sole, metric for judging a student's worth and potential. While this is slowly changing, the cultural emphasis on quantifiable results remains incredibly strong. It represents diligence, discipline, and the potential for a stable, prosperous future. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**成绩** is a high-frequency word used in various formal and informal contexts. +
-  *   **In School and University:** This is its most common usage. Students, parents, and teachers constantly discuss **成绩**. +
-  * e.g., "How are your grades this semester?" (你这个学期的**成绩**怎么样？) +
-  * e.g., "His math score was excellent." (他的数学**成绩**很优秀。) +
-  *   **In the Workplace:** Here, it translates to "performance," "results," or "achievements," referring to concrete metrics like sales targets, project completion, or KPIs (Key Performance Indicators). +
-  * e.g., "Her sales performance this quarter was the best in the company." (她这个季度的销售**成绩**是全公司最好的。) +
-  *   **In Sports and Competitions:** It refers to the final result, score, or time. +
-  * e.g., "The athlete's **成绩** in this competition broke the world record." (这位运动员在这次比赛中的**成绩**打破了世界纪录。) +
-The connotation of **成绩** is neutral, but it is almost always accompanied by an adjective that makes it positive (好 hǎo, 优秀 yōuxiù) or negative (差 chà, 不好 bù hǎo). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  *   **Example 1:** +
-    * 你的期末考试**成绩**怎么样？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ de qīmò kǎoshì **chéngjì** zěnmeyàng? +
-    * English: How were your final exam grades? +
-    * Analysis: A very common and natural question among students or from a parent to a child. **期末考试 (qīmò kǎoshì)** means "final exam." +
-  *   **Example 2:** +
-    * 祝贺你取得了这么好的**成绩**！ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhùhè nǐ qǔdéle zhème hǎo de **chéngjì**! +
-    * English: Congratulations on getting such great results! +
-    * Analysis: **取得了 (qǔdéle)** means "to have obtained" or "achieved." This phrase is perfect for congratulating someone on their academic or work success. +
-  *   **Example 3:** +
-    * 他因为**成绩**不好，所以心情很差。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā yīnwèi **chéngjì** bù hǎo, suǒyǐ xīnqíng hěn chà. +
-    * English: He's in a bad mood because his grades are not good. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence shows the direct emotional impact that **成绩** can have. **因为...所以... (yīnwèi... suǒyǐ...)** is a common structure for "because... therefore...". +
-  *   **Example 4:** +
-    * 老师对我的**成绩**很满意。 +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎoshī duì wǒ de **chéngjì** hěn mǎnyì. +
-    * English: The teacher is very satisfied with my performance. +
-    * Analysis: **对...满意 (duì... mǎnyì)** is a key pattern meaning "to be satisfied with...". +
-  *   **Example 5:** +
-    * 我们公司非常看重员工的工作**成绩**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen gōngsī fēicháng kànzhòng yuángōng de gōngzuò **chéngjì**. +
-    * English: Our company places great importance on employees' work performance. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates the use of **成绩** in a business context. **看重 (kànzhòng)** means "to value" or "to regard as important." +
-  *   **Example 6:** +
-    * 只要你努力，**成绩**就一定会有进步。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhǐyào nǐ nǔlì, **chéngjì** jiù yīdìng huì yǒu jìnbù. +
-    * English: As long as you work hard, your grades will definitely improve. +
-    * Analysis: A classic motivational sentence used by parents and teachers. **进步 (jìnbù)** means "progress" or "improvement." +
-  *   **Example 7:** +
-    * 这次比赛他的**成绩**不太理想。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì bǐsài tā de **chéngjì** bù tài lǐxiǎng. +
-    * English: His result in this competition was not ideal. +
-    * Analysis: **不太理想 (bù tài lǐxiǎng)** is a polite and slightly formal way of saying "not very good" or "less than ideal." +
-  *   **Example 8:** +
-    * 好的**成绩**是申请好大学的关键。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hǎo de **chéngjì** shì shēnqǐng hǎo dàxué de guānjiàn. +
-    * English: Good grades are the key to applying to a good university. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence directly states the cultural importance of **成绩** in the education system. **关键 (guānjiàn)** means "key" or "crucial point." +
-  *   **Example 9:** +
-    * 这个项目的**成绩**超出了我们的预期。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège xiàngmù de **chéngjì** chāochūle wǒmen de yùqī. +
-    * English: The results of this project exceeded our expectations. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **成绩** refers to the overall achievement or outcome of a project. **超出预期 (chāochū yùqī)** means "to exceed expectations." +
-  *   **Example 10:** +
-    * 你不能只根据**成绩**来判断一个学生。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ bùnéng zhǐ gēnjù **chéngjì** lái pànduàn yīgè xuéshēng. +
-    * English: You can't judge a student based only on their grades. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence expresses a more modern or critical viewpoint on the education system, highlighting that there is more to a person than their scores. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  *   **成绩 (chéngjì) vs. 结果 (jiéguǒ):** This is a critical distinction. +
-    *   **成绩** refers to a *measurable result* after a period of effort, usually involving a score, rank, or grade. It's about performance. +
-    *   **结果 (jiéguǒ)** means "result" or "outcome" in a very general sense. It can be the outcome of anything, measurable or not. +
-    *   **Incorrect:** 会议的**成绩**很好。(The "grade" of the meeting was good.) +
-    *   **Correct:** 会议的**结果**很好。(The "outcome" of the meeting was good.) +
-  *   **成绩 (chéngjì) vs. 成功 (chénggōng):** +
-    *   **成绩** is the concrete result or score. +
-    *   **成功 (chénggōng)** is the abstract noun or verb for "success." +
-    *   You can say, "My test **results** (我的考试**成绩**) were good, so I feel a sense of **success** (成功感)." They are related but not interchangeable. Good **成绩** can lead to **成功**. +
-  *   **Common Pitfall:** Do not use **成绩** for something that isn't a performance-based, measurable result. The "result" of a chemical reaction, a negotiation, or a search is always **结果 (jiéguǒ)**, never **成绩**. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[kaoshi|考试]] (kǎoshì) - Exam; Test. This is the activity or event that produces a **成绩**. +
-  *   [[fenshu|分数]] (fēnshù) - Score; Mark; Points. This is the specific number that makes up your **成绩** (e.g., 95 points). +
-  *   [[gaokao|高考]] (gāokǎo) - The National College Entrance Examination. The single most important test where **成绩** determines a student's future. +
-  *   [[yeji|业绩]] (yèjì) - (Work) Performance; Achievement. This is a more specific term for **成绩** used almost exclusively in a business or sales context. +
-  *   [[chengguo|成果]] (chéngguǒ) - Result; Fruit. Refers to a tangible outcome or achievement, like the findings of a research paper or a finished product. It emphasizes the "fruit of one's labor." +
-  *   [[biaoxian|表现]] (biǎoxiàn) - Performance; Expression; Behavior. This is about how someone behaves or conducts themselves, not just the final score. A student can have good **表现** in class (participating, being polite) but still get a bad **成绩**. +
-  *   [[jige|及格]] (jígé) - To pass (an exam). Achieving the minimum required **成绩**. +
-  *   [[youxiu|优秀]] (yōuxiù) - Excellent; Outstanding. A common adjective used to describe very good **成绩**.+