战术

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战术 [2025/08/10 10:11] – created xiaoer战术 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== zhànshù: 战术 - Tactics, Tactic ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** zhanshu, 战术, Chinese for tactics, military tactics in Chinese, business tactics, strategy vs tactics in Chinese, Sun Tzu Art of War, Chinese words, learn Chinese, HSK 6 +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the meaning of **战术 (zhànshù)**, the Chinese word for "tactics." This page explores how **战术** is used not just in its traditional military sense, heavily influenced by classics like Sun Tzu's *The Art of War*, but also in modern contexts like business, sports, and even daily life. Learn the crucial difference between **战术 (zhànshù)** (tactics) and **战略 (zhànlüè)** (strategy) to master a key concept in Chinese thought and communication. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** zhànshù +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 6 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A specific method or action used to achieve a short-term objective, especially as part of a larger plan. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **战术 (zhànshù)** refers to the "how" of a situation. If your overall goal (your strategy) is to win a soccer game, your **战术 (zhànshù)** would be the specific plays, formations, and moves you use during the game to score goals and defend. It's about the concrete, on-the-ground actions you take to execute a plan. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **战 (zhàn):** This character means "war," "battle," or "to fight." Its ancient form often depicted a spear (戈), symbolizing conflict and combat. +
-  * **术 (shù):** This character means "method," "technique," or "art." It refers to a specific skill or way of doing something. +
-  * When combined, **战术 (zhànshù)** literally translates to "battle method" or "the art of battle." This origin clearly points to its meaning as the specific techniques and maneuvers used to win a confrontation. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-The concept of **战术 (zhànshù)** is deeply embedded in Chinese culture, largely due to a long and rich history of strategic thought. The most famous example is **《孙子兵法》 (Sūnzǐ Bīngfǎ)**, or *The Art of War*, a foundational text that is studied worldwide. While the book's title implies war, its core teachings are about the interplay between **战略 (zhànlüè)** - strategy, the overall long-term plan - and **战术 (zhànshù)** - tactics, the flexible, short-term actions to achieve it. +
-In Western culture, "strategy" and "tactics" are also distinct, but in China, this distinction is a very conscious part of planning in many domains, not just the military. A good Chinese business leader, for example, is praised for both their long-term vision (**战略**) and their clever, adaptive execution (**战术**). The cultural ideal is not just to have a good plan, but to be able to skillfully maneuver and adapt to changing circumstances using effective tactics, often with an emphasis on cleverness and efficiency over brute force. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**战术 (zhànshù)** is a versatile word used far beyond the battlefield in modern China. +
-  * **Business and Negotiation:** This is one of the most common non-military uses. Companies discuss **营销战术 (yíngxiāo zhànshù)** (marketing tactics), and negotiators employ **谈判战术 (tánpàn zhànshù)** (negotiation tactics). It implies a deliberate, planned approach to achieve a business objective. +
-  * **Sports and Gaming:** Coaches and players frequently discuss team **战术**. In the world of e-sports (电竞, diànjìng), commentators will constantly analyze the **战术** of competing teams. +
-  * **Everyday Life:** While less formal, it can be used humorously or to describe a clever plan for a simple task. For example, you might joke about your **战术** for getting the best deals during a sale or for navigating a crowded subway station. +
-Its connotation is generally neutral, simply describing a method. However, it can take on a negative feel if the tactic is seen as deceitful or underhanded, often described as **小战术 (xiǎo zhànshù)** (petty tactics). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:**  +
-    * 教练在比赛前详细解释了我们的**战术**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jiàoliàn zài bǐsài qián xiángxì jiěshìle wǒmen de **zhànshù**. +
-    * English: The coach explained our tactics in detail before the game. +
-    * Analysis: A classic example in a sports context. **战术** refers to the specific plays and formations the team will use. +
-  * **Example 2:**  +
-    * 这是一个非常聪明的营销**战术**，吸引了很多新客户。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè shì yí ge fēicháng cōngmíng de yíngxiāo **zhànshù**, xīyǐnle hěn duō xīn kèhù. +
-    * English: This is a very clever marketing tactic that attracted many new customers. +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates the use of **战术** in a business context. It's paired with **营销 (yíngxiāo)**, "marketing." +
-  * **Example 3:**  +
-    * 他们的谈判**战术**是先示弱，然后提出强硬要求。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tāmen de tánpàn **zhànshù** shì xiān shìruò, ránhòu tíchū qiángyìng yāoqiú. +
-    * English: Their negotiation tactic is to first show weakness, then make tough demands. +
-    * Analysis: Shows a specific, named tactic in a negotiation setting. +
-  * **Example 4:**  +
-    * 在《孙子兵法》中，**战术**的灵活性被高度重视。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài "Sūnzǐ Bīngfǎ" zhōng, **zhànshù** de línghuóxìng bèi gāodù zhòngshì. +
-    * English: In "The Art of War," the flexibility of tactics is highly valued. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence connects **战术** to its cultural and historical roots. +
-  * **Example 5:**  +
-    * 我们需要调整**战术**，因为目前的计划行不通。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào tiáozhěng **zhànshù**, yīnwèi mùqián de jìhuà xíngbutōng. +
-    * English: We need to adjust our tactics because the current plan isn't working. +
-    * Analysis: Highlights the adaptive nature of tactics. You change your tactics when they are not achieving the strategic goal. +
-  * **Example 6:**  +
-    * 他的**战术**很简单：就是不停地攻击对方的弱点。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā de **zhànshù** hěn jiǎndān: jiùshì bùtíng de gōngjī duìfāng de ruòdiǎn. +
-    * English: His tactic is simple: just constantly attack the opponent's weakness. +
-    * Analysis: A straightforward description of a tactic, applicable in sports, gaming, or even debate. +
-  * **Example 7:**  +
-    * 不要把**战术**上的小胜利误认为是战略上的成功。 +
-    * Pinyin: Búyào bǎ **zhànshù** shàng de xiǎo shènglì wùrènwéi shì zhànlüè shàng de chénggōng. +
-    * English: Don't mistake a small tactical victory for a strategic success. +
-    * Analysis: This is a key sentence that directly contrasts **战术** (tactics) with **战略** (strategy). +
-  * **Example 8:**  +
-    * 你有什么**战术**能让我们在双十一抢到最便宜的东西吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ yǒu shéme **zhànshù** néng ràng wǒmen zài Shuāng Shíyī qiǎng dào zuì piányi de dōngxi ma? +
-    * English: Do you have any tactics for us to grab the cheapest stuff during the Double Eleven shopping festival? +
-    * Analysis: A great example of the word's humorous, informal use in modern, everyday life. +
-  * **Example 9:**  +
-    * 这支电竞战队以其出其不意的**战术**而闻名。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè zhī diànjìng zhànduì yǐ qí chūqíbùyì de **zhànshù** ér wénmíng. +
-    * English: This e-sports team is famous for its surprising and unexpected tactics. +
-    * Analysis: Shows **战术** being used in the modern context of professional video gaming. +
-  * **Example 10:**  +
-    * 灵活运用多种**战术**是取胜的关键。 +
-    * Pinyin: Línghuó yùnyòng duō zhǒng **zhànshù** shì qǔshèng de guānjiàn. +
-    * English: Flexibly using a variety of tactics is the key to victory. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence summarizes the core idea that tactics are tools to be used flexibly to achieve a goal. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The single most common mistake for learners is confusing **战术 (zhànshù)** with **战略 (zhànlüè)**. They are not interchangeable. Confusing them is like mixing up "battle" and "war." +
-  *   **战术 (zhànshù) - Tactics:** +
-    *   **Scope:** Short-term, specific. +
-    *   **Focus:** How to win the current fight or accomplish the immediate goal. The "how." +
-    *   **Example:** A specific advertising campaign for a new product. +
-  *   **战略 (zhànlüè) - Strategy:** +
-    *   **Scope:** Long-term, overarching. +
-    *   **Focus:** The overall plan to win the war or achieve the ultimate objective. The "what" and "why." +
-    *   **Example:** The company's five-year plan to become the market leader. +
-**Incorrect Usage:** +
-`我们公司的长期**战术**是进入欧洲市场。` +
-(Wǒmen gōngsī de chángqī **zhànshù** shì jìnrù Ōuzhōu shìchǎng.) +
-  *   **Why it's wrong:** "Entering the European market" is a long-term, high-level goal. It is a //strategy//, not a //tactic//. The specific marketing campaigns, pricing models, and partnership deals used to enter that market would be the tactics. +
-**Correct Usage:** +
-`我们公司的长期**战略**是进入欧洲市场。` +
-(Wǒmen gōngsī de chángqī **zhànlüè** shì jìnrù Ōuzhōu shìchǎng.) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[战略]] (zhànlüè) - Strategy. The overarching, long-term plan. The direct counterpart to **战术**. +
-  * [[策略]] (cèlüè) - Also means "strategy" or "tactic," often used interchangeably with **战略**. It can sometimes imply a more specific, clever plan or scheme within a larger strategy. +
-  * [[方法]] (fāngfǎ) - Method; way. A much more general and neutral term. Any method can be a **方法**, but only a method used in a competitive or goal-oriented situation is a **战术**. +
-  * [[手段]] (shǒuduàn) - Means; measure; trick. This word often carries a negative connotation, implying that the means might be unscrupulous or manipulative. +
-  * [[技巧]] (jìqiǎo) - Skill; technique. Usually refers to a physical or artistic ability, like painting techniques (**绘画技巧**) or speaking skills (**说话技巧**), rather than a plan. +
-  * [[计谋]] (jìmóu) - Stratagem; scheme; plot. A clever plan, often with an element of outsmarting an opponent or using deceit. Very close to the concept of a clever tactic. +
-  * [[孙子兵法]] (Sūnzǐ Bīngfǎ) - *The Art of War*. The foundational Chinese text on military strategy and tactics.+