打破

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打破 [2025/08/11 23:55] – created xiaoer打破 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== dǎpò: 打破 - To Break, Smash, Shatter ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** dǎpò, 打破, break in Chinese, how to say break, smash in Chinese, break a record Chinese, break a tradition Chinese, break the silence Chinese, Chinese word for breakthrough, HSK 4 vocabulary. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese verb **打破 (dǎpò)**, which means "to break." This guide covers its dual meaning: both literally "to break" or "smash" an object like a glass, and more importantly, metaphorically "to break" abstract concepts like a world record, a long silence, a stale tradition, or a political deadlock. Understand how **打破 (dǎpò)** is used in everyday conversation, sports, and business to signify progress and breakthroughs. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** dǎpò +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To break, smash, or shatter something, either physically or metaphorically. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **打破 (dǎpò)** is a powerful action word. It combines "to hit" (打) with "to be broken" (破), creating the sense of causing something to break through force. Think of it as the action that leads to something being broken. This can be as simple as breaking a plate, or as profound as breaking a long-held social norm. The key is that **打破** focuses on the act of breaking itself. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **打 (dǎ):** The character 打 means "to hit," "to strike," or "to beat." It's composed of the hand radical (扌) on the left and a phonetic component (丁, dīng) on the right. Visually, it represents an action done with the hand. +
-  * **破 (pò):** This character means "to break," "to damage," or "to be broken." It's made of the "stone" radical (石, shí) and the character for "skin" or "surface" (皮, pí). You can imagine it as the act of breaking the outer surface (皮) of a stone (石), thus shattering it. +
-  * **Word Construction:** Together, **打破 (dǎpò)** literally means "to hit and break." This vivid combination perfectly captures the idea of applying force to overcome a physical or conceptual barrier, causing it to shatter. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While **打破 (dǎpò)** can literally mean breaking a dish, its cultural power lies in its metaphorical uses. In modern Chinese culture, which is undergoing rapid transformation, **打破** often carries a positive and proactive connotation. It signifies progress, innovation, and courage. +
-  * **Breaking Norms for Progress:** Phrases like **打破常规 (dǎpò chángguī)**, "to break with convention," are often praised in business, science, and art. It's not seen as mere rebellion, but as a necessary step to innovate and move forward. This reflects a societal value placed on development and overcoming old limitations. +
-  * **Comparison to Western "Breaking Tradition":** In some Western contexts, "breaking tradition" can feel confrontational or disrespectful to the past. In China, while tradition is deeply respected, **打破传统 (dǎpò chuántǒng)** is frequently used in a positive light, especially in contexts of modernization. It's about "breaking out of old frameworks" to achieve a better future, rather than simply rejecting the past. It’s the difference between smashing an heirloom and breaking out of a prison. One is destructive, the other is liberating. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**打破** is a versatile verb used in many situations. The key is to distinguish between its literal and figurative meanings. +
-  * **Literal Use (Breaking Physical Objects):** +
-    * This is the most straightforward usage. It describes the act of smashing something, usually something fragile. It often implies an accident or deliberate force. +
-    * Example: **打破窗户 (dǎpò chuānghu)** - to break a window. +
-  * **Metaphorical Use (Achievements & Records):** +
-    * Extremely common in sports, news, and business contexts. It means to surpass a previous limit. +
-    * Example: **打破记录 (dǎpò jìlù)** - to break a record. +
-  * **Metaphorical Use (Social & Conceptual Barriers):** +
-    * This is where the word becomes more nuanced. It's used for ending a state of being or overcoming an abstract obstacle. +
-    * **打破沉默 (dǎpò chénmò) - To break the silence:** Used when someone finally speaks after a long, awkward, or tense pause. +
-    * **打破僵局 (dǎpò jiāngjú) - To break the deadlock:** Used in negotiations, politics, or any situation where progress has stalled. +
-    * **打破常规 (dǎpò chángguī) - To break the routine/convention:** Used to describe an innovative or unconventional approach. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 他不小心**打破**了妈妈最喜欢的花瓶。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā bù xiǎoxīn **dǎpò** le māma zuì xǐhuān de huāpíng. +
-    * English: He accidentally broke his mom's favorite vase. +
-    * Analysis: A classic literal usage. **打破** is the action that caused the vase to be in a broken state. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 这位运动员**打破**了世界纪录！ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè wèi yùndòngyuán **dǎpò** le shìjiè jìlù! +
-    * English: This athlete broke the world record! +
-    * Analysis: A very common and positive metaphorical use. **打破** means to surpass or shatter the previous record. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 会议室里一片寂静，他终于**打破**了沉默。 +
-    * Pinyin: Huìyìshì lǐ yīpiàn jìjìng, tā zhōngyú **dǎpò** le chénmò. +
-    * English: The meeting room was completely silent; he finally broke the silence. +
-    * Analysis: Here, "silence" (沉默) is treated as a fragile thing that can be "broken" by the action of speaking. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 我们需要一个新思路来**打破**目前的僵局。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào yīgè xīn sīlù lái **dǎpò** mùqián de jiāngjú. +
-    * English: We need a new way of thinking to break the current deadlock. +
-    * Analysis: This is common in business or diplomatic contexts. **打破僵局** means to find a solution that allows progress to resume. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 他的设计**打破**了常规，让所有人眼前一亮。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā de shèjì **dǎpò** le chángguī, ràng suǒyǒu rén yǎnqián yī liàng. +
-    * English: His design broke from convention and impressed everyone. +
-    * Analysis: **打破常规** is highly positive here, meaning to innovate and think outside the box. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 这个科学发现**打破**了人们长久以来的一个迷思。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège kēxué fāxiàn **dǎpò** le rénmen chángjiǔ yǐlái de yīgè mísī. +
-    * English: This scientific discovery shattered a long-held myth among people. +
-    * Analysis: Shows **打破** can be used to mean "debunk" or "disprove" a false belief (迷思). +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 新政策旨在**打破**行业垄断，鼓励公平竞争。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xīn zhèngcè zhǐ zài **dǎpò** hángyè lǒngduàn, gǔlì gōngpíng jìngzhēng. +
-    * English: The new policy aims to break the industry monopoly and encourage fair competition. +
-    * Analysis: A formal and economic use. "Monopoly" (垄断) is seen as a barrier to be broken. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 你为什么要把杯子**打破**？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ wèishéme yào bǎ bēizi **dǎpò**? +
-    * English: Why did you have to break the cup? +
-    * Analysis: This question focuses on the action of breaking, using the 把 (bǎ) structure to bring the object "cup" before the verb. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 要想进步，就必须敢于**打破**旧的思维模式。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yào xiǎng jìnbù, jiù bìxū gǎnyú **dǎpò** jiù de sīwéi móshì. +
-    * English: If you want to make progress, you must dare to break old ways of thinking. +
-    * Analysis: A powerful statement about personal or societal development. **打破** here means to overcome mental limitations. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 他们的婚姻**打破**了传统的年龄界限。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tāmen de hūnyīn **dǎpò** le chuántǒng de niánlíng jièxiàn. +
-    * English: Their marriage broke traditional age boundaries. +
-    * Analysis: A social context where **打破** means to defy a social norm or convention. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **`打破 (dǎpò)` vs. `坏了 (huài le)`:** This is the most common point of confusion for learners. +
-    * **打破 (dǎpò)** is the **action** of breaking something, usually by impact. +
-      * Correct: 我**打破**了窗户。(Wǒ **dǎpò** le chuānghu.) - I broke the window. +
-    * **坏了 (huài le)** describes the **state** of being broken or malfunctioning. It has a much broader meaning. +
-      * Correct: 窗户**坏了**。(Chuānghu **huài le**.) - The window is broken. +
-      * Correct: 我的手机**坏了**。(Wǒ de shǒujī **huài le**.) - My phone is broken. +
-      * Incorrect: 我打破了我的手机。(Wǒ dǎpò le wǒ de shǒujī.) - This is unnatural. You don't "smash" a phone to say it's not working. You would only say this if you literally smashed it with a hammer. +
-  * **False Friends with "Break":** The English word "break" is much broader than **打破**. Do not use **打破** for these meanings: +
-    * **Take a break:** Use [[休息]] (xiūxi). +
-    * **Break a promise:** Use 违背诺言 (wéibèi nuòyán). +
-    * **Break the law:** Use [[违反]]法律 (wéifǎn fǎlǜ). +
-    * **My heart is broken:** Use 我的心碎了 (wǒ de xīn suì le). +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[破坏]] (pòhuài) - To destroy, to damage. More general and often more severe than **打破**. It implies ruining something's structure or function. +
-  * [[弄坏]] (nòng huài) - To make something broken (often by fiddling with it or through carelessness). It's less forceful than **打破**. +
-  * [[碎]] (suì) - To be shattered, in pieces. Often used as a result complement after 打, as in **打碎了 (dǎ suì le)**, which emphasizes that the object is in many pieces. +
-  * [[突破]] (tūpò) - A breakthrough. This is a noun or verb that is a very positive, metaphorical extension of **打破**. It's about overcoming a major obstacle to achieve a new level. +
-  * [[记录]] (jìlù) - Record. The noun that is most frequently used as the object of **打破**. +
-  * [[常规]] (chángguī) - Convention, routine. An abstract concept that is often "broken" by innovators. +
-  * [[沉默]] (chénmò) - Silence. The state that is "broken" when someone starts talking. +
-  * [[僵局]] (jiāngjú) - Deadlock, stalemate. A situation in negotiations or conflicts that needs to be "broken." +
-  * [[传统]] (chuántǒng) - Tradition. A large-scale social concept that can be "broken" by new ideas or behaviors.+