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文件 [2025/08/11 10:54] – created xiaoer文件 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== wénjiàn: 文件 - Document, File ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 文件, wénjiàn, Chinese for document, Chinese for file, what is wenjian, wenjian meaning, computer file in Chinese, official document, HSK 3 vocabulary, save file in Chinese, open document in Chinese. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **文件 (wénjiàn)**, which means "document" or "file." This page covers everything from its use in the office for computer files (e.g., "save the file") to its significance in formal and legal contexts as an "official document." Understand its cultural importance, see practical examples, and learn the key differences between **文件 (wénjiàn)**, **文档 (wéndàng)**, and **资料 (zīliào)** to use it like a native speaker. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** wénjiàn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A document, paper, or computer file. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **文件 (wénjiàn)** is the go-to word for any discrete package of information, whether it's a physical piece of paper on your desk or a digital file on your computer. Think of it as the container—the Word doc, the PDF, the spreadsheet, the physical contract. It's a highly practical and common word in both daily life and professional settings. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **文 (wén):** This character means "writing," "script," or "culture." Its ancient form is thought to depict a person with patterns on their chest, representing civilization and literacy. +
-  * **件 (jiàn):** This character acts as a measure word for items, pieces, or matters (like a piece of clothing or an item of luggage). It combines the radical for "person" (人) with "cow" (牛), possibly once referring to a single head of cattle as an "item." +
-  * Together, **文件 (wénjiàn)** literally translates to a "piece of writing" or an "item of text," which perfectly captures the modern meaning of a document or a file. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In China, as in most cultures, documents are fundamental to bureaucracy and business. However, the concept of a **文件 (wénjiàn)** carries a particularly strong weight in official contexts. +
-While in the West a signature often validates a document, in China the **red company stamp (公章, gōngzhāng)** is the ultimate symbol of authenticity and authority. A legal or official **文件 (wénjiàn)** is often considered incomplete or invalid without this stamp. This reflects a cultural emphasis on collective, institutional authority over individual endorsement. A contract (合同, hétong) isn't just signed; it's chopped. +
-Even in the digital age, where **电子文件 (diànzǐ wénjiàn) - electronic files** are standard, the practice of printing a document to apply the official stamp remains a crucial step in many formal processes, from business contracts to government approvals. This highlights a blend of modern efficiency with a deep-rooted tradition of tangible, verifiable proof. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**文件 (wénjiàn)** is an incredibly versatile word used in many modern situations. +
-  * **In the Office / On the Computer:** This is the most common usage for learners. It refers to any computer file. +
-    * "保存这个文件" (Bǎocún zhège wénjiàn) - "Save this file." +
-    * "打开那个文件" (Dǎkāi nàge wénjiàn) - "Open that file." +
-    * "文件名是什么？" (Wénjiànmíng shì shénme?) - "What's the filename?" +
-  * **Formal / Official Contexts:** It refers to official papers, legal documents, and government circulars. +
-    * "这是一份法律文件。" (Zhè shì yī fèn fǎlǜ wénjiàn.) - "This is a legal document." +
-    * "我们需要在文件上盖章。" (Wǒmen xūyào zài wénjiàn shàng gàizhāng.) - "We need to stamp the document." +
-  * **General Usage:** It can refer to any set of papers. +
-    * "我需要整理一下桌上的文件。" (Wǒ xūyào zhěnglǐ yīxià zhuō shàng de wénjiàn.) - "I need to organize the papers on my desk." +
-The word is generally neutral in connotation and can be used in both formal and informal settings, although the context dictates the level of seriousness. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 你能把那个**文件**发给我吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ néng bǎ nàge **wénjiàn** fā gěi wǒ ma? +
-    * English: Can you send that file to me? +
-    * Analysis: A very common and practical request in any office or collaborative setting. Here, **文件** clearly refers to a digital file. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 请记得在离开前保存**文件**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Qǐng jìde zài líkāi qián bǎocún **wénjiàn**. +
-    * English: Please remember to save the file before you leave. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence uses **保存 (bǎocún)**, a key verb often paired with **文件** in a computing context. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 这个**文件**太大了，邮件发不出去。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège **wénjiàn** tài dà le, yóujiàn fā bù chūqù. +
-    * English: This file is too big, it can't be sent by email. +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates how **文件** is used to talk about file properties, like size. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这是一份非常重要的保密**文件**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè shì yī fèn fēicháng zhòngyào de bǎomì **wénjiàn**. +
-    * English: This is a very important confidential document. +
-    * Analysis: Shows the formal usage of **文件**. The measure word **份 (fèn)** is commonly used for documents. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 我的电脑中毒了，很多**文件**都打不开了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ de diànnǎo zhòngdú le, hěnduō **wénjiàn** dōu dǎ bù kāi le. +
-    * English: My computer has a virus, and many files won't open. +
-    * Analysis: A practical example of troubleshooting. **打不开 (dǎ bù kāi)** means "cannot be opened." +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 所有申请人必须提交所需的**文件**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Suǒyǒu shēnqǐngrén bìxū tíjiāo suǒ xū de **wénjiàn**. +
-    * English: All applicants must submit the required documents. +
-    * Analysis: This is typical language for applications (visa, university, job), referring to a collection of required papers. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 他正在起草一份法律**文件**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā zhèngzài qǐcǎo yī fèn fǎlǜ **wénjiàn**. +
-    * English: He is drafting a legal document. +
-    * Analysis: **起草 (qǐcǎo)** means "to draft." This highlights the creation process of a formal document. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 你把这些**文件**复印五份。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ bǎ zhèxiē **wénjiàn** fùyìn wǔ fèn. +
-    * English: Make five photocopies of these documents. +
-    * Analysis: This example uses the verb **复印 (fùyìn)**, to photocopy, another common action performed on a **文件**. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 这个项目的相关**文件**都在这个文件夹里。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège xiàngmù de xiāngguān **wénjiàn** dōu zài zhège wénjiànjiā lǐ. +
-    * English: The relevant files for this project are all in this folder. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence introduces the related term **文件夹 (wénjiànjiā)**, or "folder." +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 这份**文件**需要老板的签字。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè fèn **wénjiàn** xūyào lǎobǎn de qiānzì. +
-    * English: This document needs the boss's signature. +
-    * Analysis: While the stamp (盖章) is crucial for official validity, a signature (签字) is still a common requirement in many business procedures. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-A common point of confusion for learners is the difference between **文件 (wénjiàn)**, **文档 (wéndàng)**, and **资料 (zīliào)**. +
-  *   **文件 (wénjiàn) vs. 文档 (wéndàng):** +
-    *   **文件 (wénjiàn):** The general, broad term for any file. It can be a picture (`.jpg`), a spreadsheet (`.xls`), a program (`.exe`), or a text document (`.doc`). +
-    *   **文档 (wéndàng):** More specific. It usually refers to a *text-based document*, like a Microsoft Word document or a Google Doc. In IT and software development, **文档** also means "documentation." +
-    *   **Rule of Thumb:** All **文档 (wéndàng)** are **文件 (wénjiàn)**, but not all **文件 (wénjiàn)** are **文档 (wéndàng)**. If you mean a file in general, use **文件**. If you specifically mean a text document, **文档** is often more precise. +
-    *   //Incorrect:// `我给你发一个照片文档。` (I'll send you a photo document.) +
-    *   **Correct:** `我给你发一个照片文件。` (I'll send you a photo file.) +
-  *   **文件 (wénjiàn) vs. 资料 (zīliào):** +
-    *   **文件 (wénjiàn):** The container. The discrete file or physical document. +
-    *   **资料 (zīliào):** The content. It means "materials," "data," or "information." It often refers to a collection of reference materials used for a purpose. +
-    *   **Analogy:** If you are writing a research paper, you first **collect 资料 (zīliào)** (gather materials/data). Then, you use that data to write your final report, which is a **文件 (wénjiàn)**. +
-    *   //Incorrect:// `请把这个报告的资料发给我。` (This sounds like you want the raw data/sources, not the finished report file). +
-    *   **Correct (if you want the report file):** `请把这个报告的文件发给我。` +
-    *   **Correct (if you want the source materials):** `请把写这个报告的资料发给我。` (Please send me the materials used to write this report.) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[wénjiànjiā|文件夹]] (wénjiànjiā) - A folder or directory. Literally "file-home." +
-  *   [[wéndàng|文档]] (wéndàng) - A text document (e.g., Word doc); documentation. A more specific type of 文件. +
-  *   [[zīliào|资料]] (zīliào) - Materials, data, information. The content or sources, as opposed to the file itself. +
-  *   [[fùjiàn|附件]] (fùjiàn) - An attachment (e.g., in an email). A 文件 that is attached to something else. +
-  *   [[hétong|合同]] (hétong) - A contract. A specific and very important type of legal 文件. +
-  *   [[gōngwén|公文]] (gōngwén) - Official document; official correspondence. A very formal term used in government and large institutions. +
-  *   [[dàng'àn|档案]] (dàng'àn) - Archives, records, a dossier. A collection of historical or personnel files. +
-  *   [[fùyìn|复印]] (fùyìn) - To photocopy. An action performed on a physical 文件. +
-  *   [[bǎocún|保存]] (bǎocún) - To save (a file). A verb frequently used with 文件. +
-  *   [[dǎkāi|打开]] (dǎkāi) - To open. Another key verb used with 文件.+