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| 施工 [2025/08/08 02:28] – created xiaoer | 施工 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1 |
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| ====== shīgōng: 施工 - Construction, To Construct, To Carry Out Work ====== | |
| ===== Quick Summary ===== | |
| * **Keywords:** 施工, shigong, what does shigong mean, Chinese for construction, shigong meaning, construction site in Chinese, under construction in Chinese, Chinese building signs, shigong vs jianshe | |
| * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese term **施工 (shīgōng)**, which means "construction" or "to carry out work." This page breaks down the meaning of 施工, a word you'll see on signs all over China's rapidly developing cities. We'll explore its cultural significance as a symbol of modern progress, explain how to use it in practical sentences, and clarify the important differences between 施工 (shīgōng), 建设 (jiànshè), and 盖 (gài). | |
| ===== Core Meaning ===== | |
| * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** shī gōng | |
| * **Part of Speech:** Verb / Noun | |
| * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 | |
| * **Concise Definition:** To carry out construction or engineering work; the act of construction. | |
| * **In a Nutshell:** **施工 (shīgōng)** is the official, formal term for "construction." Think of the blue fences, the cranes, and the warning signs around a building or road project—that's the world of **施工**. It's not a word for casual conversation about small DIY projects, but rather the professional term for the physical process of building infrastructure, be it a skyscraper, a subway line, or a bridge. | |
| ===== Character Breakdown ===== | |
| * **施 (shī):** This character's core meaning is "to implement," "to execute," or "to carry out." It implies putting a plan into action. | |
| * **工 (gōng):** This character means "work," "labor," or "project." It's derived from a pictograph of an ancient carpenter's square, a tool fundamental to building and engineering. | |
| When combined, **施工 (shīgōng)** literally translates to "to carry out work," perfectly capturing its meaning as the execution phase of an engineering or construction project. | |
| ===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== | |
| In modern China, **施工 (shīgōng)** is more than just a technical term; it's a powerful symbol of the nation's breathtakingly rapid development over the past four decades. The constant presence of signs bearing these two characters in every city is a visual reminder of the "China Speed" (中国速度 - Zhōngguó sùdù), the country's ability to complete massive infrastructure projects in record time. | |
| In the West, a sign like "Under Construction" is a simple, temporary notice of inconvenience. In China, while it serves the same practical purpose, the sheer scale and ubiquity of **施工** projects tie the word to a grander narrative of national progress, modernization, and ambition. Seeing **施工** doesn't just mean a new road is being built; it's a tangible piece of a larger story of a nation transforming itself. It represents both the pride in this progress and, for local residents, the daily reality of noise, dust, and disruption that comes with living in a perpetual state of "becoming." | |
| ===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== | |
| **施工 (shīgōng)** is used in formal, official, and public contexts. You will rarely hear it in casual conversation unless someone works in the industry. | |
| * **On Public Signs:** This is the most common encounter for any visitor to China. You'll see it on temporary walls, traffic signs, and building entrances. | |
| * `前方施工 (qiánfāng shīgōng)` - Construction Ahead | |
| * `施工中 (shīgōng zhōng)` - Under Construction | |
| * `施工现场 (shīgōng xiànchǎng)` - Construction Site | |
| * `施工重地，闲人免进 (shīgōng zhòngdì, xiánrén miǎnjìn)` - Major Construction Area, Unauthorized Personnel Keep Out | |
| * **In Official Documents and News:** The term is standard in contracts, project proposals, government notices, and news reports about infrastructure development. | |
| * **Connotation:** The connotation is overwhelmingly neutral and technical. It's a statement of fact, not an emotional term. | |
| ===== Example Sentences ===== | |
| * **Example 1:** | |
| * 前方**施工**，请绕行。 | |
| * Pinyin: Qiánfāng **shīgōng**, qǐng ràoxíng. | |
| * English: Construction ahead, please take a detour. | |
| * Analysis: A very common sentence found on road signs. It's a polite but firm instruction. | |
| * **Example 2:** | |
| * 这个项目下个月开始**施工**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhège xiàngmù xià gè yuè kāishǐ **shīgōng**. | |
| * English: This project will start construction next month. | |
| * Analysis: Here, **施工** is used as a verb phrase "to start construction" (开始施工). | |
| * **Example 3:** | |
| * 这里是地铁五号线的**施工**现场。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhèlǐ shì dìtiě wǔ hào xiàn de **shīgōng** xiànchǎng. | |
| * English: This is the construction site for subway line 5. | |
| * Analysis: **施工** acts as a noun modifier for `现场` (xiànchǎng - site), creating the specific compound noun "construction site." | |
| * **Example 4:** | |
| * 大楼正在**施工**中，闲人免进。 | |
| * Pinyin: Dàlóu zhèngzài **shīgōng** zhōng, xiánrén miǎnjìn. | |
| * English: The building is currently under construction, no unauthorized entry. | |
| * Analysis: The pattern `[Verb] + 中 (zhōng)` means "in the process of [Verb-ing]." `施工中` is a set phrase for "under construction." | |
| * **Example 5:** | |
| * **施工**期间，噪音可能会有点大。 | |
| * Pinyin: **Shīgōng** qījiān, zàoyīn kěnéng huì yǒudiǎn dà. | |
| * English: During the construction period, the noise might be a bit loud. | |
| * Analysis: Here, **施工** is used as a noun, "construction," modifying `期间` (qījiān - period). | |
| * **Example 6:** | |
| * 我们需要一份详细的**施工**方案。 | |
| * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào yī fèn xiángxì de **shīgōng** fāng'àn. | |
| * English: We need a detailed construction plan. | |
| * Analysis: A typical example from a business or engineering context. `施工方案` means "construction plan" or "work plan." | |
| * **Example 7:** | |
| * 由于道路**施工**，公交车改道了。 | |
| * Pinyin: Yóuyú dàolù **shīgōng**, gōngjiāochē gǎidào le. | |
| * English: Due to road construction, the bus has been rerouted. | |
| * Analysis: This shows how **施工** is used to give a reason for a change or disruption. | |
| * **Example 8:** | |
| * 这个桥梁的**施工**难度很大。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhège qiáoliáng de **shīgōng** nándù hěn dà. | |
| * English: The construction difficulty of this bridge is very high. | |
| * Analysis: **施工** is used here as a noun concept, "the construction (of it)." | |
| * **Example 9:** | |
| * 他们没有**施工**许可证就开工了，这是违法的。 | |
| * Pinyin: Tāmen méiyǒu **shīgōng** xǔkězhèng jiù kāigōng le, zhè shì wéifǎ de. | |
| * English: They started work without a construction permit; this is illegal. | |
| * Analysis: Shows the official, legal context of the word. `施工许可证` is a "construction permit." | |
| * **Example 10:** | |
| * **施工**队伍正在夜以继日地工作，以确保项目按时完成。 | |
| * Pinyin: **Shīgōng** duìwu zhèngzài yèyǐjìrì de gōngzuò, yǐ quèbǎo xiàngmù ànshí wánchéng. | |
| * English: The construction team is working day and night to ensure the project is completed on time. | |
| * Analysis: `施工队伍` (shīgōng duìwu) means "construction team," a common collocation. | |
| ===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== | |
| For English speakers, the biggest challenge is knowing when to use **施工 (shīgōng)** versus other words that also mean "to build" or "construct." | |
| * **施工 (shīgōng) vs. 建设 (jiànshè):** | |
| * **施工 (shīgōng)** refers to the **physical process** of building. It's about the labor, the materials, the machinery in action. It's the "how." | |
| * **建设 (jiànshè)** is a much broader and more abstract term. It means "to build" or "to develop" in a grand sense, like `建设国家` (build the nation) or `经济建设` (economic development). It's about the overall goal and vision, the "what" and "why." You carry out **施工** in order to achieve **建设**. | |
| * **施工 (shīgōng) vs. 盖 (gài):** | |
| * **盖 (gài)** is a colloquial verb for building structures, primarily houses or buildings. You would say `我叔叔在农村盖了一栋新房子` (My uncle built a new house in the countryside). | |
| * You would **never** use `盖` for infrastructure like roads, bridges, or subways. For those, you must use **施工** (for the process) or other specific verbs. **施工** is more formal and versatile. | |
| * **Common Mistake:** Using **施工** for small, personal projects. | |
| * **Incorrect:** `我周末要在家**施工**一个书架。` (Wǒ zhōumò yào zài jiā **shīgōng** yīgè shūjià.) | |
| * **Reason:** This sounds ridiculous, like you're bringing in a full construction crew to assemble a simple bookshelf. | |
| * **Correct:** `我周末要在家**装**一个书架。` (Wǒ zhōumò yào zài jiā **zhuāng** yīgè shūjià.) - "I'm going to install a bookshelf at home this weekend." `装 (zhuāng)` means to install or assemble. | |
| ===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== | |
| * [[建设]] (jiànshè) - To build or construct, but on a larger, more abstract scale (e.g., nation-building). | |
| * [[建筑]] (jiànzhù) - A building; architecture. The physical result of **施工**. | |
| * [[工程]] (gōngchéng) - An engineering project. **施工** is the work done to complete an **工程**. | |
| * [[工地]] (gōngdì) - Construction site. A slightly more colloquial term than `施工现场`. | |
| * [[装修]] (zhuāngxiū) - To renovate, redecorate (usually interiors). This is a specific type of construction work. | |
| * [[盖]] (gài) - To build (colloquial, typically used for houses and buildings). | |
| * [[项目]] (xiàngmù) - Project. The general term for the undertaking that requires **施工**. | |
| * [[开发]] (kāifā) - To develop (e.g., real estate development `房地产开发`). Often precedes the **施工** phase. | |
| * [[承包商]] (chéngbāoshāng) - Contractor. The company or person responsible for carrying out the **施工**. | |