犯错

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犯错 [2025/08/08 03:02] – created xiaoer犯错 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== fàncuò: 犯错 - To Make a Mistake, To Err ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** fàncuò, fan cuo, 犯错, what does fàncuò mean, how to say make a mistake in Chinese, Chinese verb for error, 犯错 vs 错误, to commit a fault, admitting mistakes in Chinese culture +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese verb **犯错 (fàncuò)**, which means "to make a mistake" or "to err." This guide breaks down the characters, explores the cultural significance of admitting fault in China, and provides over 10 practical example sentences. Understand the crucial difference between the verb **犯错 (fàncuò)** and the noun **错误 (cuòwù)** to avoid common learner pitfalls and speak more naturally. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** fàncuò +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb (Verb-Object Compound) +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To make a mistake, commit an error, or do something wrong. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **犯错 (fàncuò)** is the go-to verb in Chinese for the *action* of making a mistake. It's not the mistake itself, but the act of committing it. Whether you've dialed the wrong number, made a calculation error at work, or said the wrong thing to a friend, this is the word you'll use. It's a fundamental term that expresses a universal human experience. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **犯 (fàn):** This character means "to violate," "to offend," or "to commit." The left-side radical (犭) is the "dog" radical, often associated with animalistic or aggressive actions. You can picture a dog overstepping a boundary it shouldn't cross. This character is also used in serious terms like `犯罪 (fànzuì)`, to commit a crime. +
-  * **错 (cuò):** This character means "wrong," "mistaken," or "error." The metal radical (钅) on the left hints at its ancient origin related to inlaying metal decorations, a process where one could easily make a mistake. +
-  * **Together, 犯 (fàn) + 错 (cuò)** literally means "to commit an error," perfectly capturing the meaning of actively making a mistake. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While making mistakes is a universal human experience, the way they are handled can be culturally specific. In China, the act of **犯错 (fàncuò)** is often closely tied to the concepts of social harmony and **[[面子 (miànzi)|面子]] (miànzi)**, or "face"/social standing. +
-In many Western cultures, especially in business, there's a growing mantra of "fail forward" or "it's okay to make mistakes as long as you learn." While learning from mistakes is also valued in Chinese culture, the social cost of an error, particularly a public one, can be higher. Making a mistake might not only cause you to lose face, but it could also cause your superior, your team, or your family to lose face. +
-Therefore, how one addresses a mistake is crucial. A sincere and prompt apology (**[[道歉]] (dàoqiàn)**) is often expected, not just to fix the problem but to restore social harmony and show respect to those affected. Blaming others or making excuses is viewed very negatively. The focus is on taking responsibility, showing remorse, and demonstrating a clear plan to correct the error, thus preserving relationships. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**犯错 (fàncuò)** is an extremely common term used in all aspects of life. +
-  * **Informal / Daily Life:** Used among friends and family for minor slip-ups. It can be said lightly. For example: "Oops, I made a mistake and bought the wrong kind of soy sauce." +
-  * **Formal / Workplace:** In a professional or academic setting, **犯错 (fàncuò)** takes on a more serious tone. It signifies a genuine error that likely has consequences and needs to be addressed. Admitting you **犯错** to a boss is a significant act of taking responsibility. +
-  * **Moral Context:** When discussing behavior or choices, **犯错 (fàncuò)** can refer to a moral transgression or a significant life mistake. The severity is understood entirely from the context. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 每个人都会**犯错**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Měi ge rén dōu huì **fàncuò**. +
-    * English: Everyone makes mistakes. +
-    * Analysis: A common and comforting phrase. `都 (dōu)` emphasizes "all" or "every," and `会 (huì)` here indicates a natural tendency or likelihood. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 对不起，我**犯错**了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ **fàncuò** le. +
-    * English: I'm sorry, I made a mistake. +
-    * Analysis: This is a direct and common way to admit fault. The particle `了 (le)` indicates the completion of the action (the mistake has been made). +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 他因为**犯**了一个严重的**错**，被公司开除了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā yīnwèi **fàn** le yí ge yánzhòng de **cuò**, bèi gōngsī kāichú le. +
-    * English: He was fired by the company because he made a serious mistake. +
-    * Analysis: Here, the verb-object compound `犯错` is split to include more detail. `一个 (yí ge)` is a classifier for the mistake, and `严重 (yánzhòng)` means "serious." This structure is very common. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 别害怕**犯错**，**犯错**是学习的一部分。 +
-    * Pinyin: Bié hàipà **fàncuò**, **fàncuò** shì xuéxí de yí bùfen. +
-    * English: Don't be afraid of making mistakes; making mistakes is part of learning. +
-    * Analysis: A great sentence for learners. It shows **犯错 (fàncuò)** used as the subject of the second clause. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 如果你**犯错**了，就要勇敢地承认。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ **fàncuò** le, jiù yào yǒnggǎn de chéngrèn. +
-    * English: If you make a mistake, you should bravely admit it. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence highlights a cultural value. `勇敢地 (yǒnggǎn de)` means "bravely," and `承认 (chéngrèn)` means "to admit" or "to acknowledge." +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 我不小心**犯**了个小**错**，请原谅。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ bù xiǎoxīn **fàn** le ge xiǎo **cuò**, qǐng yuánliàng. +
-    * English: I accidentally made a small mistake, please forgive me. +
-    * Analysis: `不小心 (bù xiǎoxīn)` means "carelessly" or "accidentally." `小错 (xiǎo cuò)` is a "small mistake." This is a polite way to downplay a minor error. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 我们不能在同一个问题上重复**犯错**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen bù néng zài tóng yí ge wèntí shàng chóngfù **fàncuò**. +
-    * English: We can't repeatedly make the same mistake on the same issue. +
-    * Analysis: `重复 (chóngfù)` means "to repeat." This sentence is common in project meetings or team discussions. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 这是你第几次**犯错**了？ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè shì nǐ dì jǐ cì **fàncuò** le? +
-    * English: How many times have you made this mistake? (Literally: This is your which-numbered time making a mistake?) +
-    * Analysis: A sentence a frustrated parent or boss might use. `第 (dì)` creates an ordinal number, and `次 (cì)` is the measure word for "times." +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 年轻人**犯错**，上帝都会原谅。 +
-    * Pinyin: Niánqīngrén **fàncuò**, Shàngdì dōu huì yuánliàng. +
-    * English: When young people make mistakes, even God will forgive them. +
-    * Analysis: A popular saying that shows tolerance for mistakes made by the young and inexperienced. It's the Chinese equivalent of "youth is wasted on the young." +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 在工作中，我们应该尽量避免**犯错**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài gōngzuò zhōng, wǒmen yīnggāi jǐnliàng bìmiǎn **fàncuò**. +
-    * English: At work, we should do our best to avoid making mistakes. +
-    * Analysis: `尽量 (jǐnliàng)` means "to the best of one's ability" and `避免 (bìmiǎn)` means "to avoid." This shows how **犯错** functions as the object of another verb. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most common point of confusion for English speakers is the difference between **犯错 (fàncuò)** and **错误 (cuòwù)**. +
-  *   **`犯错 (fàncuò)` is a VERB.** It's the action of "making a mistake." +
-  *   **`错误 (cuòwù)` is a NOUN or ADJECTIVE.** It is "a mistake/an error" (noun) or "wrong/mistaken" (adjective). +
-Think of it like this: You **犯错** (verb), and the result is a **错误** (noun). +
-  *   **Correct:** 我**犯**了一个**错误**。 (Wǒ fàn le yí ge cuòwù.) - I made a mistake. +
-    *   //(Here, `犯` is the verb and `错误` is the noun/object.)// +
-  *   **Correct:** 这是一个**错误**。 (Zhè shì yí ge cuòwù.) - This is a mistake. +
-  *   **Correct:** 你的答案是**错误**的。 (Nǐ de dá'àn shì cuòwù de.) - Your answer is wrong. +
-    *   //(Here, `错误` is an adjective.)// +
-  *   **INCORRECT:** 我**错误**了。 (Wǒ cuòwù le.) +
-    *   //(This is wrong because `错误` is not a verb. You need the action word `犯`: 我**犯错**了。)// +
-Another related term is **`搞错了 (gǎocuòle)`**. While it also means making a mistake, it often implies confusion, mixing things up, or misunderstanding. +
-  *   **`搞错了 (gǎocuòle)`:** "Oops, I grabbed the wrong keys." (啊，我拿错钥匙了 - more common than using 搞错), or "Sorry, I misremembered your name." (对不起，我把你的名字搞错了). It's generally more casual than **犯错**. +
-  *   **`犯错 (fàncuò)`:** Can be used for any mistake, including more serious errors of judgment or action. "Investing in that company was a huge mistake" would use **犯错**, not **搞错了**. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[错误]] (cuòwù) - The noun for "mistake" or "error," the result of the action `犯错`. +
-  *   [[过错]] (guòcuò) - A "fault" or "transgression," usually more serious than `错误` and often implying a moral dimension. +
-  *   [[失误]] (shīwù) - A "lapse" or "error in execution." Often used for mistakes in sports, performances, or technical tasks where a momentary slip-up occurred. +
-  *   [[搞错了]] (gǎocuòle) - To get something wrong due to confusion or mixing things up; often more informal. +
-  *   [[弄错了]] (nòngcuòle) - Nearly identical to `搞错了`; to do something incorrectly by mistake. +
-  *   [[道歉]] (dàoqiàn) - To apologize; the action one should take after realizing they have `犯错`. +
-  *   [[后悔]] (hòuhuǐ) - To regret; the feeling one might have after `犯错`. +
-  *   [[原谅]] (yuánliàng) - To forgive; what you hope others will do after you `犯错`. +
-  *   [[承认]] (chéngrèn) - To admit or acknowledge; what one must do with their mistake. +
-  *   [[面子]] (miànzi) - "Face" or social standing, which can be affected by how one makes and handles mistakes.+