疾病

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疾病 [2025/08/05 01:48] – created xiaoer疾病 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== jíbìng: 疾病 - Disease, Illness, Sickness ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** jibing, 疾病, Chinese for disease, illness in Chinese, sickness in Chinese, how to say sick in Chinese, Chinese medical terms, learn Chinese health, HSK 4 vocabulary. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn how to use **疾病 (jíbìng)**, the formal Chinese word for 'disease' or 'illness.' This guide covers its meaning, cultural context in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and practical usage. From discussing a serious medical condition like 'heart disease' (心脏疾病) to understanding public health announcements, you'll master this essential HSK 4 term. Perfect for beginners learning medical or health-related vocabulary in Mandarin Chinese. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** jíbìng +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A disease, illness, or sickness. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **疾病 (jíbìng)** is the formal, clinical term for a disease or medical condition. Think of it as the word a doctor would write in a diagnosis, or what you'd see in a news article about public health. While you might casually say you're sick using a different phrase, **疾病** refers to the specific ailment itself. It's more serious and scientific than just "not feeling well." +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **疾 (jí):** This character's original pictograph shows a person struck by an arrow (矢). It conveys a sense of a sudden, urgent affliction or a fast-moving illness. It can mean "illness" or "swift/rapid." +
-  * **病 (bìng):** This character is a classic example of a phono-semantic compound. The outer radical 疒 (nè) is the "sickness radical" and is found in many characters related to ailments. The inner part, 丙 (bǐng), provides the phonetic sound. The character represents the general state or condition of being ill. +
-  * When combined, **疾 (jí)** and **病 (bìng)** form **疾病 (jíbìng)**, a comprehensive term that covers all types of diseases, from acute (sudden) to chronic (long-term). +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese culture, the concept of **疾病** is deeply influenced by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which offers a different perspective than modern Western medicine. +
-While Western medicine often views disease as an attack by an external pathogen (like a virus or bacteria), TCM frequently understands **疾病** as a result of internal imbalance. This imbalance could be between //yin// and //yang// (阴阳) or a blockage in the flow of life energy, known as //qi// (气). For example, someone might attribute a **疾病** to "excessive internal heat" (上火 - shànghuǒ) or "dampness" (湿气 - shīqì), concepts that don't have direct equivalents in Western medical terminology. +
-This means that when discussing a **疾病**, the conversation might touch upon lifestyle, diet, and emotional state as primary causes, rather than just focusing on a microorganism. While this view is more traditional, it still strongly influences daily life, diet choices, and how people talk about their health, even when they also use modern medicine. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**疾病 (jíbìng)** is used in specific, often formal, contexts. You won't typically hear someone say "我有一个疾病" (Wǒ yǒu yí ge jíbìng - I have a disease) in casual chat. +
-  * **Formal Medical Settings:** This is the standard term used in hospitals, by doctors, and on medical documents. A doctor might announce a diagnosis using this word. +
-    * //e.g., "诊断结果是一种罕见的皮肤疾病。" (The diagnosis is a rare skin disease.)// +
-  * **Public Health and News:** It's used in media, government announcements, and scientific articles when discussing public health issues, epidemics, or medical research. +
-    * //e.g., "政府正在采取措施预防这种疾病的传播。" (The government is taking measures to prevent the spread of this disease.)// +
-  * **Describing Categories of Illness:** It is often used as a suffix to classify types of diseases. +
-    * **心脏疾病 (xīnzàng jíbìng):** Heart disease +
-    * **精神疾病 (jīngshén jíbìng):** Mental illness/disorder +
-    * **慢性疾病 (mànxìng jíbìng):** Chronic disease +
-    * **传染性疾病 (chuánrǎnxìng jíbìng):** Infectious disease +
-The word carries a neutral-to-negative connotation, as it refers to something undesirable, but it is used in a factual, clinical way. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 这种**疾病**在老年人中很常见。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè zhǒng **jíbìng** zài lǎoniánrén zhōng hěn chángjiàn. +
-    * English: This disease is very common among the elderly. +
-    * Analysis: A neutral, factual statement you might read in a health pamphlet. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 医生说我需要改变生活方式来预防**疾病**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yīshēng shuō wǒ xūyào gǎibiàn shēnghuó fāngshì lái yùfáng **jíbìng**. +
-    * English: The doctor said I need to change my lifestyle to prevent disease. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **疾病** is used as a general term for "disease" in the context of prevention. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 心脏**疾病**是全球头号杀手。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xīnzàng **jíbìng** shì quánqiú tóuhào shāshǒu. +
-    * English: Heart disease is the number one killer worldwide. +
-    * Analysis: Shows how **疾病** is used as a suffix to name a specific category of illness. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 很多精神**疾病**是可以治疗的。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hěn duō jīngshén **jíbìng** shì kěyǐ zhìliáo de. +
-    * English: Many mental illnesses are treatable. +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates the use for non-physical conditions. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 保持良好的卫生习惯可以减少**疾病**的风险。 +
-    * Pinyin: Bǎochí liánghǎo de wèishēng xíguàn kěyǐ jiǎnshǎo **jíbìng** de fēngxiǎn. +
-    * English: Maintaining good hygiene habits can reduce the risk of disease. +
-    * Analysis: Another example of using **疾病** in the context of public health and prevention. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 这种**疾病**的早期症状不明显。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè zhǒng **jíbìng** de zǎoqī zhèngzhuàng bù míngxiǎn. +
-    * English: The early symptoms of this disease are not obvious. +
-    * Analysis: **疾病** is the condition, while [[症状]] (zhèngzhuàng) are the symptoms. This shows how they are used together. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 遗传**疾病**的研究取得了很大进展。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yíchuán **jíbìng** de yánjiū qǔdéle hěn dà jìnzhǎn. +
-    * English: Research into genetic diseases has made great progress. +
-    * Analysis: A formal, scientific context. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 他与**疾病**斗争了很多年。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā yǔ **jíbìng** dòuzhēng le hěn duō nián. +
-    * English: He battled with illness for many years. +
-    * Analysis: A slightly more literary or narrative use, personifying the illness as something to fight. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 这种罕见的**疾病**影响了全球不到一千人。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè zhǒng hǎnjiàn de **jíbìng** yǐngxiǎng le quánqiú bú dào yī qiān rén. +
-    * English: This rare disease affects fewer than a thousand people worldwide. +
-    * Analysis: Used to talk about a specific, named condition. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 如果不及时治疗，小问题也可能发展成严重的**疾病**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ bù jíshí zhìliáo, xiǎo wèntí yě kěnéng fāzhǎn chéng yánzhòng de **jíbìng**. +
-    * English: If not treated in time, small problems can also develop into serious diseases. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence clearly contrasts a minor "problem" with a serious "disease." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most common mistake for learners is confusing **疾病 (jíbìng)** with **生病 (shēng bìng)**. +
-  * **疾病 (jíbìng)** is a **noun**. It is the name of the condition, "a disease." +
-    * **Correct:** 他有一种慢性**疾病**。(Tā yǒu yì zhǒng mànxìng jíbìng.) - He has a chronic disease. +
-    * **Incorrect:** 他**疾病**了。(Tā jíbìng le.) - //This is grammatically wrong, like saying "He diseased."// +
-  * **生病 (shēng bìng)** is a **verb-object phrase**. It means "to get sick" or "to be sick." It describes the action or state of falling ill. +
-    * **Correct:** 他**生病**了。(Tā shēng bìng le.) - He got sick. +
-    * **Incorrect:** 他有一种**生病**。(Tā yǒu yì zhǒng shēng bìng.) - //This is grammatically wrong, like saying "He has a to-get-sick."// +
-**In short:** You **have a 疾病 (jíbìng)**, and because of that, you **are 生病 (shēng bìng)**. +
-Another point of confusion is with **不舒服 (bù shūfu)**, which means "uncomfortable" or "not feeling well." +
-  * **不舒服 (bù shūfu)** is a subjective feeling. You can feel unwell without having a formal **疾病**. +
-  * **Example:** 我今天有点**不舒服**，可能感冒了。(Wǒ jīntiān yǒudiǎn bù shūfu, kěnéng gǎnmào le.) - I feel a bit unwell today, maybe I caught a cold. (A cold is technically a **疾病**, but here the focus is on the feeling). +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[生病]] (shēng bìng) - The common verb for "to get sick"; describes the state of being ill. +
-  * [[病人]] (bìngrén) - A patient; a person who is sick. +
-  * [[病毒]] (bìngdú) - Virus; a common cause of a **疾病**. +
-  * [[症状]] (zhèngzhuàng) - Symptom(s); the signs of a **疾病**. +
-  * [[健康]] (jiànkāng) - Health; healthy. The opposite of being in a state of **疾病**. +
-  * [[传染病]] (chuánrǎnbìng) - Infectious/contagious disease; a specific type of **疾病**. +
-  * [[医生]] (yīshēng) - Doctor; the professional who diagnoses and treats a **疾病**. +
-  * [[医院]] (yīyuàn) - Hospital; the place where a serious **疾病** is treated. +
-  * [[不舒服]] (bù shūfu) - Uncomfortable; the general feeling of being unwell, which may or may not be caused by a **疾病**. +
-  * [[治疗]] (zhìliáo) - To treat (an illness); the medical response to a **疾病**.+