给面子

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给面子 [2025/08/06 02:37] – created xiaoer给面子 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== gěi miànzi: 给面子 - To Give Face, Show Deference/Respect ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** gěi miànzi, gei mianzi, 给面子, give face, giving face, saving face, Chinese culture, show respect, deference, social etiquette, 面子, mianzi, Chinese social norms, business etiquette +
-  * **Summary:** "Gěi miànzi" (给面子) is a fundamental concept in Chinese culture that translates to "giving face." It is the crucial social act of showing deference, respect, or honor to another person to uphold their social standing and maintain harmony. Understanding how and when to "give face" is essential for navigating social and professional situations in China, as it directly impacts relationships, business dealings, and personal reputation. This is more than just politeness; it's a strategic social tool for building connections (关系, guānxi). +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** gěi miànzi +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb Phrase +
-  * **HSK Level:** Related to HSK 5 (The component characters 给 and 面子 are HSK 1 and HSK 5, respectively) +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To show someone respect or deference, thereby preserving or enhancing their social standing ("face"). +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** "Gěi miànzi" is the act of making someone else feel respected and important. You do this by agreeing with them (especially in public), accepting their invitations, praising them, overlooking a minor mistake, or doing them a favor. It's the social lubricant that keeps relationships smooth. The opposite, "bù gěi miànzi" (不给面子), or refusing to give face, is a serious social slight. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **给 (gěi):** The character for "to give." It's one of the most common verbs in Chinese. +
-  * **面子 (miànzi):** This word means "face," but not just the physical face. It refers to a person's reputation, dignity, prestige, and social standing. +
-    * **面 (miàn):** Originally a pictogram of a person's face, it means "face," "surface," or "side." +
-    * **子 (zi):** A common noun suffix that doesn't carry a specific meaning here, but turns "面" into the noun "面子." +
-  * **Combined Meaning:** The characters literally combine to mean "to give face." This is a rare case where the literal translation perfectly captures the core of the cultural concept, making it easy for learners to remember. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-"Gěi miànzi" is a cornerstone of Chinese interpersonal dynamics, deeply rooted in the cultural value of social harmony and collectivism. It operates within the larger framework of `面子 (miànzi)`, which is a person's social currency. +
-In Western cultures, politeness is often a matter of individual courtesy (e.g., saying "please" and "thank you"). "Gěi miànzi" is more strategic and relational. It's about consciously upholding another person's position and dignity within a social hierarchy. For instance, an American might directly correct their boss's factual error in a meeting to ensure accuracy, believing it's helpful. In a Chinese context, doing so would be seen as causing the boss to `丢面子 (diū miànzi)`, or "lose face." The more appropriate action would be to `给面子` by staying quiet in the meeting and raising the issue privately later. +
-This act reinforces `关系 (guānxi)`, the network of relationships and mutual obligations. By giving face, you are making a social deposit. When you need help, you can then ask someone to "give you face," effectively making a withdrawal on the goodwill you've built. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-"Gěi miànzi" is used constantly in daily life, from casual interactions to high-stakes business deals. +
-==== Social Situations ==== +
-In social settings, giving face is about making others feel good. +
-  * **Invitations:** Accepting an invitation to a dinner or event, even if you can only stay for a short while, is `给面子` to the host. +
-  * **Dining:** Praising the host's cooking or the restaurant they chose is `给面子`. Drinking a toast when offered, even if you don't like alcohol, is also a common way to `给面子`. +
-  * **Compliments:** Generously complimenting someone on their achievements, family, or even their new outfit is a form of `给面子`. +
-==== Business and Professional Life ==== +
-In the workplace, `给面子` is crucial for navigating hierarchies. +
-  * **Meetings:** Publicly agreeing with a superior's proposal is giving them face. Any disagreements or concerns are best raised in private. +
-  * **Negotiations:** A negotiator might make a small, symbolic concession at the end of a deal. This isn't about the value of the concession but about `给面子` to the other party, allowing them to report back to their superiors that they "won" something. +
-  * **Requests:** When a colleague asks for help, fulfilling the request is `给面子`. +
-==== Negative Connotation (`不给面子`) ==== +
-Refusing to `给面子` is a powerful statement. It signals disrespect and can severely damage a relationship. Publicly contradicting someone, refusing a direct and reasonable request, or ignoring someone of high status are all examples of `不给面子` and are generally avoided. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 我朋友今天开业，我得过去一下，**给他个面子**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ péngyou jīntiān kāiyè, wǒ děi guòqù yíxià, **gěi tā ge miànzi**. +
-    * English: My friend's business is opening today, I have to go over for a bit to **show him some support (give him face)**. +
-    * Analysis: Here, "giving face" means showing up to support a friend's important event. The speaker's presence adds to the friend's prestige. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 王经理，这杯酒我一定喝，我不能**不给您面子**啊！ +
-    * Pinyin: Wáng jīnglǐ, zhè bēi jiǔ wǒ yídìng hē, wǒ bùnéng **bù gěi nín miànzi** a! +
-    * English: Manager Wang, I will definitely drink this glass of wine, I can't possibly **disrespect you (not give you face)**! +
-    * Analysis: This is a common situation at business dinners. The speaker is showing respect for the manager's status by accepting the toast, framing it as an act of giving face. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 这次你就帮帮我吧，**给我个面子**，下次我请你吃饭。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì nǐ jiù bāngbang wǒ ba, **gěi wǒ ge miànzi**, xià cì wǒ qǐng nǐ chīfàn. +
-    * English: Just help me out this time, **do me this favor (give me face)**, and I'll treat you to dinner next time. +
-    * Analysis: This is a direct request, framing the favor as an act of "giving face." It appeals to the relationship between the two people. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 他在会议上公开反驳老板的意见，**太不给面子了**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā zài huìyì shàng gōngkāi fǎnbó lǎobǎn de yìjiàn, **tài bù gěi miànzi le**. +
-    * English: He openly contradicted the boss's opinion in the meeting, that's **so disrespectful (really not giving face)**. +
-    * Analysis: This highlights the negative form. The action is a breach of social protocol because it caused the boss to lose face in front of others. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 你能来我的生日派对，真是**太给我面子了**！ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ néng lái wǒ de shēngrì pàiduì, zhēnshi **tài gěi wǒ miànzi le**! +
-    * English: The fact that you could come to my birthday party really **gives me a lot of face**! +
-    * Analysis: This is a way of thanking a guest for attending, especially if the guest is of higher status or very busy. It shows that their presence is an honor. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 客户的要求虽然不合理，但为了合作，我们还是得**给他们面子**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Kèhù de yāoqiú suīrán bù hélǐ, dàn wèile hézuò, wǒmen háishi děi **gěi tāmen miànzi**. +
-    * English: Although the client's request is unreasonable, for the sake of the partnership, we still have to **appease them (give them face)**. +
-    * Analysis: This shows the strategic use of "giving face" in business to maintain a relationship, even when it involves an inconvenient compromise. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * A: "这个价格真的不能再低了。" B: "好吧，**给你个面子**，就这个价吧。" +
-    * Pinyin: A: "Zhège jiàgé zhēn de bùnéng zài dī le." B: "Hǎo ba, **gěi nǐ ge miànzi**, jiù zhège jià ba." +
-    * English: A: "The price really can't be any lower." B: "Alright, **out of respect for you**, we'll take it at this price." +
-    * Analysis: In bargaining, the buyer can frame their acceptance of the price as "giving face" to the seller, making the seller feel respected and concluding the deal on a positive note. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 他这个人很骄傲，谁的**面子都不给**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā zhè ge rén hěn jiāo'ào, shéi de **miànzi dōu bù gěi**. +
-    * English: He is a very arrogant person, he **doesn't show respect to anyone (doesn't give anyone face)**. +
-    * Analysis: This describes a person's character flaw. Someone who "doesn't give face" is seen as difficult, arrogant, and poor at maintaining social relationships. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 李老师，您这么夸我，真是**太给我面子了**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Lǐ lǎoshī, nín zhème kuā wǒ, zhēnshi **tài gěi wǒ miànzi le**. +
-    * English: Teacher Li, you complimenting me like this really **honors me (gives me too much face)**. +
-    * Analysis: This is a humble way to receive a compliment from a respected elder or superior. It acknowledges their praise as an act of giving face. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 算了，他还是个孩子，我们大人**给他个面子**，别计较了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Suàn le, tā háishi ge háizi, wǒmen dàrén **gěi tā ge miànzi**, bié jìjiào le. +
-    * English: Forget it, he's just a kid. Let's us adults **give him some face** and not argue about it. +
-    * Analysis: In this context, "giving face" means being magnanimous and not holding a younger or lower-status person to a strict standard, thereby preserving harmony. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **"Giving Face" vs. "Saving Face":** English speakers often confuse these. +
-    * **`给面子 (gěi miànzi)` (Giving Face):** An action you do for //someone else// to build them up. It's proactive. +
-    * **`保住面子 (bǎozhù miànzi)` (Saving Face) or `留面子 (liú miànzi)`:** An action you do to preserve //your own or someone else's// dignity after a potential embarrassment. It's reactive. For example, if your friend makes a mistake, you might lie to cover for them to help them "save face." This is also a way of "giving face." The concepts are linked, but not identical. +
-  * **Incorrect Usage - Being Too Direct:** A learner might say, "I will now give you face by agreeing with you." This is awkward and sounds transactional. The phrase is typically used when asking for a favor (`给我个面子`), when explaining a social action (like in Example 1), or when thanking someone (`你太给我面子了`). The act itself is often performed without being named. +
-  * **The Gravity of `不给面子`:** Underestimating the severity of "not giving face." In the West, a public disagreement can be a sign of healthy debate. In many Chinese contexts, it can be a severe social offense that damages the relationship, sometimes irreparably. It's not just a refusal, it's a public challenge to someone's status. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * `[[面子]] (miànzi)` - The core concept of "face," social standing, and reputation that one can give, lose, or save. +
-  * `[[不给面子]] (bù gěi miànzi)` - The direct antonym; to not give face, to disrespect or slight someone publicly. +
-  * `[[丢面子]] (diū miànzi)` - To lose face; to be embarrassed or have one's reputation damaged. +
-  * `[[赏脸]] (shǎng liǎn)` - A more formal and polite way to ask someone to "give face," literally "grant your face." Used when inviting a respected guest: "希望您能赏脸光临" (I hope you can honor us with your presence). +
-  * `[[人情]] (rénqíng)` - Human favor; the implicit social currency of favors and obligations that are created and maintained by acts like `给面子`. +
-  * `[[关系]] (guānxi)` - Social connections or network. Giving face is a primary method for building and maintaining good `关系`. +
-  * `[[给个台阶下]] (gěi ge táijiē xià)` - "To give someone steps to walk down." To provide someone with a graceful way out of an awkward or embarrassing situation, which is a specific and very common form of `给面子`. +
-  * `[[捧场]] (pěng chǎng)` - To show up and support someone's event, performance, or new business. A very concrete action of `给面子`.+