薄弱

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薄弱 [2025/08/12 08:39] – created xiaoer薄弱 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== bóruò: 薄弱 - Weak, Flimsy, Fragile ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** bóruò meaning, 薄弱 meaning, Chinese word for weak, Chinese for fragile, how to use bóruò, bóruò vs ruò, bóruò vs xūruò, 薄弱 HSK, thin and weak in Chinese, weak foundation Chinese, weak awareness Chinese +
-  * **Summary:** The Chinese word **薄弱 (bóruò)** means "weak," "fragile," or "flimsy." Unlike the general English word "weak," **bóruò** is primarily used to describe abstract concepts, systems, or foundations rather than physical strength. It implies a lack of substance, depth, or resilience, making it perfect for describing a weak argument, a fragile economic base, weak willpower, or a poor foundation in a subject. Understanding **bóruò** helps learners express nuanced types of weakness beyond simple physical states. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** bóruò +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Adjective +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** Describing something as weak, fragile, or lacking in substance, thickness, or strength. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Think of **bóruò** as meaning "thin and weak." It’s not for describing a person who can't lift heavy weights. Instead, it's for things that should be strong and substantial but aren't. Imagine a chain with a link that's too thin (a weak link), a country with a fragile defense system, or a student whose knowledge of grammar is shaky. In all these cases, the foundation or structure is **bóruò**—it lacks depth and strength. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **薄 (bó):** This character's primary meaning is "thin." The top part (艹) is the grass radical, and the rest suggests water spreading out thinly. In many compound words like this one, it takes the more literary pronunciation **bó**. When used alone to mean "thin" (e.g., thin clothes), it's pronounced **báo**. +
-  * **弱 (ruò):** This character means "weak." It's a pictograph of two bent bows (弓), which have lost their tension and are therefore useless and weak. +
-Combining **薄 (bó - thin)** and **弱 (ruò - weak)** gives you **薄弱 (bóruò)**, a powerful descriptor for anything that is metaphorically "thin and weak"—lacking substance, easily broken, and unreliable. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While **薄弱 (bóruò)** doesn't carry the same deep cultural weight as concepts like [[关系]] (guānxi), it taps into the strong cultural emphasis on building a solid **foundation (基础 jīchǔ)**. In Chinese culture, whether in education, martial arts, or building a business, starting with a strong, deep base is paramount. A "thin" or **薄弱** foundation is seen as a critical flaw that guarantees future failure. +
-Therefore, hearing that your `基础很薄弱` (jīchǔ hěn bóruò - foundation is very weak) is a serious critique. It's not just an observation; it's a call to action to go back to basics and strengthen what is lacking. +
-This contrasts with the more casual use of "weak" in English. We might say "my tennis backhand is weak" as a simple statement of fact. In Chinese, labeling something as **bóruò** often carries a heavier implication of insufficiency and the need for fundamental improvement. For example, describing a person as `意志薄弱` (yìzhì bóruò - having weak willpower) is a common but serious way to describe a character flaw, highlighting a lack of self-discipline that needs to be corrected. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**薄弱 (bóruò)** is a versatile adjective used in formal, written, and serious conversational contexts. It's not typically used in very casual, lighthearted chats. +
-  * **In Academia and Work:** It's frequently used to describe insufficient knowledge, skills, or resources. +
-    *   `基础薄弱 (jīchǔ bóruò)` - a weak foundation +
-    *   `技术力量薄弱 (jìshù lìliàng bóruò)` - weak technical capabilities +
-    *   `证据薄弱 (zhèngjù bóruò)` - flimsy evidence +
-  * **In Social and Personal Contexts:** It often describes abstract personal or social qualities. +
-    *   `意志薄弱 (yìzhì bóruò)` - weak-willed +
-    *   `意识薄弱 (yìshí bóruò)` - weak/low awareness (e.g., safety awareness, environmental awareness) +
-    *   `家庭观念薄弱 (jiātíng guānniàn bóruò)` - a weak sense of family values +
-  * **In Economics and Politics:** It is used to describe systemic vulnerabilities. +
-    *   `工业基础薄弱 (gōngyè jīchǔ bóruò)` - a weak industrial base +
-    *   `国防力量薄弱 (guófáng lìliàng bóruò)` - weak national defense +
-    *   `最薄弱的环节 (zuì bóruò de huánjié)` - the weakest link +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 他刚开始学中文，**基础**还很**薄弱**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā gāng kāishǐ xué Zhōngwén, **jīchǔ** hái hěn **bóruò**. +
-    * English: He just started learning Chinese, so his foundation is still very weak. +
-    * Analysis: This is a classic use of **bóruò**. It describes the student's foundational knowledge as lacking depth and substance. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 很多老年人安全**意识**比较**薄弱**，容易被骗。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hěnduō lǎoniánrén ānquán **yìshí** bǐjiào **bóruò**, róngyì bèi piàn. +
-    * English: Many elderly people have relatively weak safety awareness and are easily scammed. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **bóruò** describes an abstract concept: "awareness" (意识). It means their understanding and vigilance are not strong. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 他**意志薄弱**，下定决心减肥但总是坚持不下去。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā **yìzhì bóruò**, xiàdìng juéxīn jiǎnféi dàn zǒngshì jiānchí bù xiàqù. +
-    * English: He is weak-willed; he makes up his mind to lose weight but can never stick with it. +
-    * Analysis: **意志薄弱** is a common set phrase to describe someone who lacks self-control or determination. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这个地区的工业**基础**十分**薄弱**，需要大量投资。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège dìqū de gōngyè **jīchǔ** shífēn **bóruò**, xūyào dàliàng tóuzī. +
-    * English: This region's industrial base is extremely weak and requires a large amount of investment. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence uses **bóruò** in an economic context to describe a systemic weakness. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 公司的安保系统是整个运营中最**薄弱**的**环节**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī de ānbǎo xìtǒng shì zhěnggè yùnyíng zhōng zuì **bóruò** de **huánjié**. +
-    * English: The company's security system is the weakest link in the entire operation. +
-    * Analysis: The phrase `薄弱的环节` is the direct equivalent of the English idiom "the weakest link." +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 检方的**证据**太**薄弱**了，不足以给嫌疑人定罪。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jiǎn fāng de **zhèngjù** tài **bóruò** le, bùzú yǐ gěi xiányírén dìngzuì. +
-    * English: The prosecution's evidence is too flimsy; it's not enough to convict the suspect. +
-    * Analysis: **薄弱** here means the evidence lacks substance and is unconvincing. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 与大城市相比，农村的医疗条件还比较**薄弱**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yǔ dà chéngshì xiāngbǐ, nóngcūn de yīliáo tiáojiàn hái bǐjiào **bóruò**. +
-    * English: Compared to big cities, the medical conditions in rural areas are still relatively weak. +
-    * Analysis: This shows how **bóruò** can be used to describe the state of infrastructure or services. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 我对古典音乐的**知识**很**薄弱**，几乎什么都不懂。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ duì gǔdiǎn yīnyuè de **zhīshi** hěn **bóruò**, jīhū shénme dōu bù dǒng. +
-    * English: My knowledge of classical music is very weak; I know almost nothing. +
-    * Analysis: This is a polite and common way to state your own lack of deep knowledge in a particular field. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 这个论点的逻辑关系很**薄弱**，经不起推敲。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège lùndiǎn de luójí guānxì hěn **bóruò**, jīngbuqǐ tuīqiāo. +
-    * English: The logical connection in this argument is very weak and cannot withstand scrutiny. +
-    * Analysis: Perfect for academic or formal debates, **bóruò** describes an argument that is not well-supported. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 由于缺乏锻炼，他的下肢力量很**薄弱**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yóuyú quēfá duànliàn, tā de xiàzhī lìliàng hěn **bóruò**. +
-    * English: Due to a lack of exercise, his lower body strength is very weak. +
-    * Analysis: This is a rare case where **bóruò** can touch upon the physical, but notice it's still about a *system*—the "strength" (力量) of his limbs, not his overall health. You would still not say his body (身体) is **bóruò**. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **Don't use 薄弱 for a person's health.** This is the most common mistake. If someone is sick and feeble, they are **虚弱 (xūruò)**, not **薄弱**. +
-    *   **Incorrect:** 他生病了，身体很**薄弱**。 (Tā shēngbìng le, shēntǐ hěn bóruò.) +
-    *   **Correct:** 他生病了，身体很**虚弱**。 (Tā shēngbìng le, shēntǐ hěn xūruò.) +
-  * **薄弱 (bóruò) vs. 弱 (ruò):** +
-    *   **弱 (ruò)** is a general adjective for "weak." It can describe physical strength, signals, etc. (e.g., `他很弱` - He is weak; `信号很弱` - The signal is weak). +
-    *   **薄弱 (bóruò)** is more specific and formal, referring to a lack of substance in foundations, systems, arguments, or willpower. You wouldn't say `信号很薄弱`. +
-  * **Remember the pronunciation:** The character 薄 has two common readings, `bó` and `báo`. In the word **薄弱**, it is **always** pronounced `bó`. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[虚弱]] (xūruò):** Feeble, debilitated. Used specifically for physical weakness due to illness or exhaustion. The correct word to use when **bóruò** is mistakenly used for health. +
-  * **[[脆弱]] (cuìruò):** Fragile, brittle. Often used for physical objects that break easily (like glass) or for emotions (e.g., `心灵很脆弱` - a fragile heart/mind). +
-  * **[[软弱]] (ruǎnruò):** Soft and weak. Describes a person's character, implying they lack backbone, are easily intimidated, or give in easily. +
-  * **[[弱点]] (ruòdiǎn):** A weak point, a weakness (noun). **薄弱** is the adjective describing the state of being weak, while **弱点** is the noun for the flaw itself. +
-  * **[[单薄]] (dānbó):** Thin and flimsy. Can describe clothing, a person's physique (thinly built), or a weak/unconvincing reason. It overlaps with **bóruò** but often focuses more on physical thinness. +
-  * **[[基础]] (jīchǔ):** Foundation. A noun that is very frequently modified by **bóruò**. +
-  * **[[强大]] (qiángdà):** Powerful, strong. The most direct and common antonym for **bóruò** when describing systems, forces, or nations. +
-  * **[[雄厚]] (xiónghòu):** Rich, solid, abundant. A great antonym for **bóruò** when describing resources, capital, or technical strength (e.g., `技术力量雄厚` - abundant technical strength).+