要求

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要求 [2025/08/10 04:52] – created xiaoer要求 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== yāoqiú: 要求 - To Request, To Demand, Requirement ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 要求 meaning, yāoqiú, Chinese for demand, Chinese for requirement, request in Chinese, yāoqiú vs xūyào, how to use 要求, HSK 3 grammar, formal Chinese request +
-  * **Summary:** The Chinese word **要求 (yāoqiú)** is a fundamental term for both beginners and advanced learners, meaning "to request," "to demand," or "a requirement." It functions as both a verb and a noun, making it highly versatile. Understanding the difference between a formal **要求 (yāoqiú)** and a simple need (需要, xūyào) is crucial for navigating social and professional situations in China. This guide breaks down its meaning, cultural context, and provides practical sentence examples to help you master its usage. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** yāoqiú +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb / Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To formally request or demand something; a requirement or a condition that is demanded. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Think of **要求 (yāoqiú)** as a strong, direct "ask." It's more serious than just wanting or hoping for something. It can be a neutral, formal request, like a job requirement, or a firm demand from a person in authority, like a boss or a teacher. The key is that it implies a specific expectation that needs to be met. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **要 (yāo):** While this character is commonly read as `yào` (to want), here it's pronounced **`yāo`** and means "to request" or "to demand." It carries a sense of necessity and obligation. +
-  * **求 (qiú):** This character means "to seek," "to ask for," or "to plead for." It depicts a person seeking something valuable. +
-When combined, **要求 (yāoqiú)** literally means "to demand-seek." The two characters reinforce each other to create a word that signifies an active and explicit act of seeking to have a specific condition or standard met. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Western cultures, there's often a clear line between a "request" (polite, optional) and a "demand" (forceful, non-optional). **要求 (yāoqiú)** blurs this line, with its specific meaning heavily dependent on the social hierarchy and context. +
-  * **Hierarchy is Key:** A boss making a **要求 (yāoqiú)** of an employee is normal and expected. It's simply a statement of work requirements. However, an employee making a **要求 (yāoqiú)** of their boss would be considered extremely bold and potentially insubordinate. They would use a much softer term like [[建议]] (jiànyì - suggestion) or [[请求]] (qǐngqiú - formal request). +
-  * **Directness vs. Face (面子):** While Chinese culture often values indirectness to preserve [[面子]] (miànzi - social standing/face), **要求 (yāoqiú)** is used in contexts where clarity and directness are paramount—such as in business contracts, academic standards, and technical specifications. In these formal settings, being direct with a **要求 (yāoqiú)** is professional. In personal relationships, however, making a **要求 (yāoqiú)** can sound cold or demanding, and a softer word like [[希望]] (xīwàng - to hope) is often preferred. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**要求 (yāoqiú)** is extremely common in daily life, especially in formal and professional environments. +
-=== As a Verb (to request/demand) === +
-This is used when someone is actively stating a demand or request. It's common in work, school, and official settings. +
-  * **Workplace:** 老板**要求**我们明天早上交报告。 (Lǎobǎn yāoqiú wǒmen míngtiān zǎoshang jiāo bàogào.) - The boss requires us to submit the report tomorrow morning. +
-  * **Parenting:** 我**要求**你马上做作业。 (Wǒ yāoqiú nǐ mǎshàng zuò zuòyè.) - I demand that you do your homework right now. +
-=== As a Noun (a requirement/demand) === +
-This is used to refer to the conditions or standards themselves. +
-  * **Job Hunting:** 这个工作的**要求**很高。 (Zhège gōngzuò de yāoqiú hěn gāo.) - The requirements for this job are very high. +
-  * **Customer Service:** 我们会尽力满足您的**要求**。 (Wǒmen huì jìnlì mǎnzú nín de yāoqiú.) - We will do our best to meet your requirements. +
-  * **Relationships:** 他对女朋友的**要求**太高了。 (Tā duì nǚpéngyou de yāoqiú tài gāo le.) - His requirements for a girlfriend are too high. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 老师**要求**所有学生都准时上课。 +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎoshī **yāoqiú** suǒyǒu xuéshēng dōu zhǔnshí shàngkè. +
-    * English: The teacher requires all students to be on time for class. +
-    * Analysis: A standard, neutral use of **要求** as a verb in a hierarchical context (teacher to student). It's a clear instruction, not a suggestion. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 这是客户提出的新**要求**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè shì kèhù tíchū de xīn **yāoqiú**. +
-    * English: This is a new requirement raised by the client. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **要求** is a noun. In a business context, this is a very common and professional way to discuss client needs. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 你有什么特别的**要求**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ yǒu shénme tèbié de **yāoqiú** ma? +
-    * English: Do you have any special requests/requirements? +
-    * Analysis: A common question in service industries (hotels, restaurants) or business negotiations. It's direct but polite in this context. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 公司满足不了他的薪水**要求**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī mǎnzú bùliǎo tā de xīnshuǐ **yāoqiú**. +
-    * English: The company cannot meet his salary demands. +
-    * Analysis: **要求** used as a noun for "demands" in a negotiation. It's a neutral term to describe the conditions one party has set. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 我对自己的**要求**很严格。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ duì zìjǐ de **yāoqiú** hěn yángé. +
-    * English: I am very strict with myself. (Lit: My requirements for myself are very strict.) +
-    * Analysis: This shows **要求** can be used for self-imposed standards. It has a positive connotation of being disciplined and ambitious. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 按照规定，你必须符合这些**要求**才能申请。 +
-    * Pinyin: Ànzhào guīdìng, nǐ bìxū fúhé zhèxiē **yāoqiú** cái néng shēnqǐng. +
-    * English: According to the regulations, you must meet these requirements in order to apply. +
-    * Analysis: **要求** as a noun, referring to official, non-negotiable criteria. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 他**要求**见经理。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā **yāoqiú** jiàn jīnglǐ. +
-    * English: He demanded to see the manager. +
-    * Analysis: This implies a stronger, more insistent action than simply asking. The person is likely upset or has a serious issue. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 这个项目对技术**要求**非常高。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège xiàngmù duì jìshù **yāoqiú** fēicháng gāo. +
-    * English: This project has extremely high technical requirements. +
-    * Analysis: A common phrase in engineering, IT, and other technical fields. **要求** is a noun here. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 我不应该对你提出那么多**要求**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ bù yīnggāi duì nǐ tíchū nàme duō **yāoqiú**. +
-    * English: I shouldn't have made so many demands of you. +
-    * Analysis: An apology that acknowledges the speaker's demands were excessive. This shows its use in a personal context, where it can be negative. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 政府**要求**公民遵守新的法律。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ **yāoqiú** gōngmín zūnshǒu xīn de fǎlǜ. +
-    * English: The government requires citizens to abide by the new laws. +
-    * Analysis: A formal, official use of **要求** as a verb, indicating a mandate or directive from an authority. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **要求 (yāoqiú) vs. 需要 (xūyào):** This is the most common point of confusion for learners. +
-    * **需要 (xūyào)** means "to need." It describes a state or a necessity. It is not an action directed at another person. +
-      * Correct: 我**需要**帮助。(Wǒ **xūyào** bāngzhù.) - I need help. +
-    * **要求 (yāoqiú)** means "to demand/request." It is an action of telling someone what you want them to do. +
-      * Correct: 我**要求**你帮助我。(Wǒ **yāoqiú** nǐ bāngzhù wǒ.) - I demand that you help me. (This sounds very strong and potentially rude). +
-    * **Mistake:** Saying "我要求水 (Wǒ yāoqiú shuǐ)" when you're thirsty. This sounds like you are imperiously demanding water. You should say "我需要水 (Wǒ xūyào shuǐ)" or "请给我一杯水 (Qǐng gěi wǒ yì bēi shuǐ)." +
-  * **Using 要求 in Polite, Informal Requests:** +
-    * **Mistake:** Using **要求** when a simple, polite **请 (qǐng)** would suffice. It makes you sound demanding and rude in casual situations. +
-      * Incorrect: 我**要求**你把盐递给我。(Wǒ **yāoqiú** nǐ bǎ yán dì gěi wǒ.) - I demand you pass me the salt. +
-      * Correct: **请**你把盐递给我。(**Qǐng** nǐ bǎ yán dì gěi wǒ.) - Please pass me the salt. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[需要]] (xūyào) - To need. A state of necessity, much softer and more internal than **要求**. +
-  * [[请求]] (qǐngqiú) - To request, to petition. More formal and often more humble than **要求**. It implies the other person has the full power to refuse. +
-  * [[命令]] (mìnglìng) - To command; an order. Much stronger than **要求**, used in military or emergency contexts. There is no room for negotiation. +
-  * [[规定]] (guīdìng) - Regulation, rule. A **规定** is an official, established rule, while a **要求** can be a one-time demand. +
-  * [[标准]] (biāozhǔn) - Standard, criterion. A standard is a benchmark; a **要求** is often that you must meet a certain **标准**. +
-  * [[条件]] (tiáojiàn) - Condition, term (e.g., in a contract). Often used in negotiations. You might make a **要求** for certain **条件**. +
-  * [[希望]] (xīwàng) - To hope, to wish. Very soft and expresses a desire without any obligation on the other person. +
-  * [[建议]] (jiànyì) - To suggest; a suggestion. An idea offered for consideration, not a demand. The opposite of **要求** in terms of forcefulness.+