规划

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规划 [2025/08/10 02:36] – created xiaoer规划 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== guīhuà: 规划 - To Plan, Planning, Program ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** guihua, 规划, how to say plan in Chinese, Chinese word for planning, urban planning in Chinese, career planning Chinese, long-term plan Chinese, 计划 vs 规划, Chinese five-year plan +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the Chinese word **规划 (guīhuà)**, a term that goes beyond a simple "plan." **规划 (guīhuà)** refers to a large-scale, long-term, and systematic blueprint, essential for understanding concepts from **urban planning in Chinese** to personal **career planning**. This guide breaks down its meaning, cultural significance (like China's five-year plans), and how it differs from the more common word for "plan," [[计划]] (jìhuà), giving you a deeper insight into the Chinese mindset of strategic, forward-thinking development. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** guīhuà +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb, Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To map out or blueprint a large-scale, long-term project, system, or development. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** While you might use [[计划]] (jìhuà) for your weekend plans, **规划 (guīhuà)** is for the big stuff. Think of a city planner laying out a new district, a government creating a five-year economic strategy, or an individual mapping out their entire career path. It implies a comprehensive vision, a structured framework, and a long-term perspective. It’s not just about what to do, but about creating the entire system in which things get done. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **规 (guī):** This character's original meaning is related to a compass or a carpenter's square. It represents rules, regulations, and standards. It's the "order" part of the equation. +
-  * **划 (huà):** This character means to draw a line, to mark off, or to delimit an area. It's the action of creating boundaries and defining a space. +
-  * When you combine them, **规划 (guīhuà)** literally means "to draw lines according to rules." This creates a powerful visual of creating a structured, well-defined blueprint for a future project or vision. It's about imposing order and structure onto a complex idea. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * **规划 (guīhuà)** is a cornerstone concept in modern China, reflecting a deep-seated cultural and political emphasis on long-term, collective goals. The most famous example is China's **Five-Year Plans (五年规划 - wǔnián guīhuà)**, a series of national-level social and economic development initiatives that have shaped the country for decades. This demonstrates the term's association with top-down, state-led ambition and societal mobilization. +
-  * **Comparison to Western "Strategic Planning":** In Western business or government, "strategic planning" is a similar concept. However, **规划 (guīhuà)** in a Chinese context often carries a stronger sense of holistic, societal engineering and a longer time horizon. While a Western company's strategic plan might focus on outperforming competitors, a Chinese **规划** (especially from the government) is often framed as a blueprint for national rejuvenation or the harmonious development of society. It reflects a collectivist value where individual components are expected to align with a grand, overarching vision for the greater good. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **规划 (guīhuà)** is a formal and significant word used in specific, high-stakes contexts. +
-  * **Government, Policy, and Urban Development:** This is its most common habitat. +
-    * `城市规划 (chéngshì guīhuà)` - Urban planning +
-    * `国土空间规划 (guótǔ kōngjiān guīhuà)` - National terrestrial spatial planning +
-    * `交通规划 (jiāotōng guīhuà)` - Transportation planning +
-  * **Personal Life (Major Decisions):** You wouldn't use it for daily chores, but it's perfect for mapping out your future. +
-    * `人生规划 (rénshēng guīhuà)` - Life planning (a roadmap for your entire life) +
-    * `职业规划 (zhíyè guīhuà)` - Career planning (a long-term strategy for your professional life) +
-  * **Business and Corporate Strategy:** +
-    * `发展规划 (fāzhǎn guīhuà)` - Development plan +
-    * `战略规划 (zhànlüè guīhuà)` - Strategic planning +
-  * **Connotation:** The term is almost always positive or neutral. It implies foresight, ambition, orderliness, and intelligence. A lack of **规划** is seen as shortsighted and chaotic. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 这个城市的**规划**做得很好，交通很方便。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège chéngshì de **guīhuà** zuò de hěn hǎo, jiāotōng hěn fāngbiàn. +
-    * English: This city's planning is very well done; the traffic is very convenient. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **规划** is a noun referring to the comprehensive "urban planning" or "layout" of the city. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 大学毕业生应该为自己的未来做好职业**规划**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Dàxué bìyèshēng yīnggāi wèi zìjǐ de wèilái zuò hǎo zhíyè **guīhuà**. +
-    * English: University graduates should do a good job of career planning for their future. +
-    * Analysis: `职业规划 (zhíyè guīhuà)` is a set phrase for "career planning," seen as a crucial step for young professionals. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 我们需要**规划**一下公司未来五年的发展方向。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào **guīhuà** yīxià gōngsī wèilái wǔ nián de fāzhǎn fāngxiàng. +
-    * English: We need to plan out the company's development direction for the next five years. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **规划** is used as a verb. Note the long-term (five years) and strategic nature (development direction), making it the perfect word choice. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 制定一个合理的人生**规划**对年轻人来说非常重要。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhìdìng yīgè hélǐ de rénshēng **guīhuà** duì niánqīng rén lái shuō fēicháng zhòngyào. +
-    * English: Formulating a reasonable life plan is very important for young people. +
-    * Analysis: `人生规划 (rénshēng guīhuà)` or "life planning" is a serious concept about setting long-term goals for one's entire life, not just for the next year. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 政府发布了新的区域发展**规划**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ fābùle xīn de qūyù fāzhǎn **guīhuà**. +
-    * English: The government has released a new regional development plan. +
-    * Analysis: This is a typical, formal usage related to government policy and large-scale development. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 他正在**规划**一次穿越欧洲的背包旅行。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā zhèngzài **guīhuà** yīcì chuānyuè Ōuzhōu de bèibāo lǚxíng. +
-    * English: He is planning a backpacking trip across Europe. +
-    * Analysis: While travel often uses [[计划]] (jìhuà), using **规划** here implies the trip is complex, long, and requires significant logistical blueprinting, elevating it beyond a simple vacation. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 这个新区的**规划**很有远见。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège xīnqū de **guīhuà** hěn yǒu yuǎnjiàn. +
-    * English: The planning for this new district is very forward-thinking. +
-    * Analysis: **规划** is often paired with words like `有远见 (yǒu yuǎnjiàn)` meaning "to have foresight," emphasizing its long-term nature. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 你对自己的财务状况有什么长期**规划**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ duì zìjǐ de cáiwù zhuàngkuàng yǒu shénme chángqī **guīhuà** ma? +
-    * English: Do you have any long-term plans for your financial situation? +
-    * Analysis: This question is about a "financial plan" in the sense of a long-term strategy (retirement, investment), not just a monthly budget. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 缺乏**规划**是导致项目失败的主要原因。 +
-    * Pinyin: Quēfá **guīhuà** shì dǎozhì xiàngmù shībài de zhǔyào yuányīn. +
-    * English: A lack of planning was the main reason the project failed. +
-    * Analysis: This shows the negative consequence of not having a **规划**, highlighting its importance. The failure of a "project" (项目, xiàngmù) implies a scale that requires **规划**. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 我们必须重新**规划**我们的市场战略。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen bìxū chóngxīn **guīhuà** wǒmen de shìchǎng zhànlüè. +
-    * English: We must re-plan our market strategy. +
-    * Analysis: As a verb, **规划** means to create the blueprint. `重新规划 (chóngxīn guīhuà)` means to go back to the drawing board on a major strategic level. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **规划 (guīhuà) vs. 计划 (jìhuà): The Golden Rule** +
-    * This is the most common point of confusion. Think of it this way: **规划 (guīhuà)** is the **blueprint** or **framework**. [[计划]] (jìhuà) is the list of **steps** or **schedule** to follow. +
-    * **`规划 (guīhuà)`:** Long-term, strategic, high-level, formal. About the "what" and "why" on a grand scale. (e.g., City plan, 10-year career plan). +
-    * **`[[计划]] (jìhuà)`:** Can be short-term, tactical, detailed, informal. About the "how" and "when." (e.g., Weekend plan, study plan, party plan). +
-  * **Common Mistake:** Using **规划 (guīhuà)** for simple, everyday plans. +
-    * **Incorrect:** `我今天的**规划**是去购物和打扫房间。` (Wǒ jīntiān de **guīhuà** shì qù gòuwù hé dǎsǎo fángjiān.) +
-    * **Why it's wrong:** This sounds overly dramatic and strange, like you're creating a strategic national blueprint for grocery shopping. +
-    * **Correct:** `我今天的**计划**是去购物和打扫房间。` (Wǒ jīntiān de **jìhuà** shì qù gòuwù hé dǎsǎo fángjiān.) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * * [[计划]] (jìhuà) - The most critical related term. A general-purpose "plan" or "project," usually more tactical and shorter-term than a **规划**. +
-  * * [[安排]] (ānpái) - To arrange; arrangement. Focuses on scheduling and logistics, like arranging a meeting or a schedule. It's about putting a **计划** into a timetable. +
-  * * [[设计]] (shèjì) - To design; design. Refers to the creative and technical act of designing something specific (e.g., a building, a logo, a circuit). A design is often a component within a larger **规划**. +
-  * * [[蓝图]] (lántú) - Blueprint. A very close synonym for the noun form of **规划**, often used metaphorically for a grand vision or plan. +
-  * * [[战略]] (zhànlüè) - Strategy. Refers to the high-level, abstract thinking about how to win or achieve a major goal. It is often combined: `战略规划 (zhànlüè guīhuà)`. **战略** is the "way," **规划** is the map. +
-  * * [[方案]] (fāng'àn) - Scheme, proposal. A concrete, detailed plan of action presented for approval. A **方案** is often the output of a **规划** process. +
-  * * [[远景]] (yuǎnjǐng) - Long-term vision; prospect. The future state or goal that a **规划** is intended to achieve.+