讲价

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讲价 [2025/08/13 04:49] – created xiaoer讲价 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== jiǎngjià: 讲价 - To Bargain, To Haggle, To Negotiate a Price ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** jiǎngjià, 讲价, how to bargain in Chinese, haggling in China, negotiate price Chinese, Chinese market vocabulary, shopping in China, bargaining culture China, asking for a lower price. +
-  * **Summary:** **讲价 (jiǎngjià)** is the essential Chinese verb for bargaining or haggling over a price. A crucial skill for anyone shopping in Chinese markets, tourist areas, or small independent stores, understanding how to **讲价** is more than just a way to save money—it's a common and expected cultural interaction. This guide will teach you the meaning, cultural context, and practical phrases you need to master the art of haggling in China. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** jiǎngjià +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb-Object Compound (functions as a verb) +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To discuss the price of an item with the seller in order to get a lower price. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** `讲价` is the act of price negotiation, a common and often expected practice when shopping in China, especially in places without fixed price tags like markets. It's a friendly "dance" between the buyer and seller to arrive at a mutually agreeable price. Far from being rude, it's a normal part of the transaction process in many settings. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **讲 (jiǎng):** This character's primary meaning is "to speak," "to say," or "to discuss." It's composed of the speech radical `讠(yán)` and a phonetic component. +
-  * **价 (jià):** This character means "price" or "value." It's composed of the person radical `亻(rén)` and a phonetic component `介 (jiè)`. +
-  * The two characters combine literally to mean "to speak price" or "to discuss the price." This gives a very clear picture of the word's meaning: a conversation about cost. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In many Western cultures, especially in the United States, haggling is uncommon and often seen as impolite or a sign of being "cheap." It's typically reserved for large purchases like cars or at specific venues like flea markets. In China, however, **讲价** occupies a much larger and more accepted space in daily commerce. +
-In contexts like tourist markets, antique shops, street vendor stalls, and small, independent clothing boutiques, bargaining is not only allowed but often **expected**. The initial price quoted by a vendor is frequently inflated with the assumption that the buyer will negotiate. Refusing to engage in `讲价` means you will almost certainly overpay. +
-This cultural difference isn't about dishonesty; it's a different approach to pricing. The negotiation is a social interaction, a test of wits and charm, and a way to build a fleeting connection (`关系 (guānxi)`) with the vendor. A successful `讲价` session often ends with both parties feeling satisfied—the seller made a sale, and the buyer got a good deal. Knowing when and how to `讲价` is a key cultural skill for navigating modern China. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-Knowing where and where not to bargain is crucial. +
-**You SHOULD `讲价` in:** +
-  * Tourist markets (e.g., Silk Market in Beijing) +
-  * Street vendor stalls +
-  * Small, independent shops without clear price tags +
-  * Antique or flea markets +
-**You should NOT `讲价` in:** +
-  * Supermarkets (e.g., Carrefour, Walmart) +
-  * Major department stores (e.g., Wanda, Parkson) +
-  * Chain stores and brand-name boutiques (e.g., Uniqlo, Zara, Apple) +
-  * Restaurants (for menu items) +
-  * Convenience stores (e.g., 7-Eleven) +
-The connotation of `讲价` is neutral. It's a tool, a normal process. How you do it determines the feeling. If done with a smile and good humor, it's a positive interaction. If done aggressively, it can become negative. +
-With the rise of e-commerce like Taobao, `讲价` has evolved. While you can't bargain on the listed price, many buyers will message the seller to ask for a small discount (`优惠 yōuhuì`) or free shipping (`包邮 bāoyóu`). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:**  +
-    * 在中国，买东西的时候，很多人都喜欢**讲价**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài Zhōngguó, mǎi dōngxi de shíhou, hěn duō rén dōu xǐhuān **jiǎngjià**. +
-    * English: In China, a lot of people like to bargain when they go shopping. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence states a general cultural fact. `买东西的时候 (mǎi dōngxi de shíhou)` means "when shopping." +
-  * **Example 2:**  +
-    * 这个太贵了，我们跟老板**讲讲价**吧！ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège tài guì le, wǒmen gēn lǎobǎn **jiǎngjiangjià** ba! +
-    * English: This is too expensive, let's go bargain with the shopkeeper! +
-    * Analysis: The reduplication `讲讲价 (jiǎngjiangjià)` softens the tone, making it sound more casual and suggestive, like "let's do a little bargaining." `跟 (gēn)` is used to introduce who you are bargaining with. +
-  * **Example 3:**  +
-    * 我不太会**讲价**，每次都买贵了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ bú tài huì **jiǎngjià**, měi cì dōu mǎi guì le. +
-    * English: I'm not very good at bargaining; I always end up overpaying. +
-    * Analysis: `会 (huì)` here means "to know how to" or "to be good at." This is a common way for learners to express their difficulty with haggling. +
-  * **Example 4:**  +
-    * **讲价**以后，这个包便宜了五十块钱。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Jiǎngjià** yǐhòu, zhège bāo piányi le wǔshí kuài qián. +
-    * English: After bargaining, this bag was 50 yuan cheaper. +
-    * Analysis: `以后 (yǐhòu)` means "after." This structure shows the successful result of the action. +
-  * **Example 5:**  +
-    * 对不起，我们是连锁店，不可以**讲价**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Duìbuqǐ, wǒmen shì liánsuǒdiàn, bù kěyǐ **jiǎngjià**. +
-    * English: Sorry, we are a chain store, you can't bargain here. +
-    * Analysis: This is a polite refusal you might hear in a place with fixed prices. `连锁店 (liánsuǒdiàn)` means "chain store." +
-  * **Example 6:**  +
-    * 他最擅长**讲价**，总能拿到最低价。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā zuì shàncháng **jiǎngjià**, zǒng néng nádào zuì dī jià. +
-    * English: He is an expert at bargaining and can always get the lowest price. +
-    * Analysis: `擅长 (shàncháng)` is a more formal way to say "to be good at" something, indicating a high level of skill. +
-  * **Example 7:**  +
-    * 你想花多长时间来**讲价**？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ xiǎng huā duō cháng shíjiān lái **jiǎngjià**? +
-    * English: How much time do you want to spend bargaining? +
-    * Analysis: `花时间 (huā shíjiān)` means "to spend time." This acknowledges that bargaining can be a time-consuming process. +
-  * **Example 8:**  +
-    * 如果你不**讲价**，他们就会觉得你是游客，容易骗。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ bù **jiǎngjià**, tāmen jiù huì juéde nǐ shì yóukè, róngyì piàn. +
-    * English: If you don't bargain, they will think you are a tourist and easy to cheat. +
-    * Analysis: A sentence that explains the practical motivation for bargaining in tourist areas. `游客 (yóukè)` means "tourist." +
-  * **Example 9:**  +
-    * 我妈妈教我怎么**讲价**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ māma jiāo wǒ zěnme **jiǎngjià**. +
-    * English: My mom taught me how to bargain. +
-    * Analysis: A simple sentence showing that bargaining is a skill that can be taught and learned. `教 (jiāo)` means "to teach." +
-  * **Example 10:**  +
-    * 在网上买东西，我也会试着跟卖家**讲价**，希望能包邮。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài wǎngshàng mǎi dōngxi, wǒ yě huì shìzhe gēn màijiā **jiǎngjià**, xīwàng néng bāoyóu. +
-    * English: When shopping online, I also try to bargain with the seller, hoping for free shipping. +
-    * Analysis: This example shows the modern application of `讲价` in e-commerce. `卖家 (màijiā)` is the seller, and `包邮 (bāoyóu)` means "free shipping." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **Mistake 1: Bargaining in the wrong place.** As mentioned, trying to `讲价` in a supermarket or a brand-name store is a major cultural mistake. It will cause embarrassment and will be rejected. Always look for context clues: are there price tags? Is it a formal chain store or a small, independent stall? +
-  * **Mistake 2: Confusing `讲价` with `谈判 (tánpàn)`.** `讲价` is used almost exclusively for buying and selling goods. For more formal negotiations, like a business contract, a peace treaty, or salary discussions, the correct word is `谈判 (tánpàn)`. Using `讲价` for your salary would sound very strange and unprofessional. +
-    * **Incorrect:** 我想跟老板**讲价**我的工资。(I want to bargain my salary with the boss.) +
-    * **Correct:** 我想跟老板**谈**我的工资。(I want to **discuss** my salary with the boss.) OR 我想就薪资问题进行**谈判**。(I want to have a **negotiation** regarding my salary.) +
-  * **Mistake 3: Being rude or overly aggressive.** Bargaining in China is a negotiation, not a fight. Keep a friendly demeanor, smile, and be prepared to walk away. Getting angry or insulting the product is a poor strategy and considered bad manners. The "walk away" technique is often the most powerful tool. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[砍价]] (kǎnjià)** - Literally "to chop the price." A very common and slightly more aggressive-sounding synonym for `讲价`. +
-  * **[[还价]] (huánjià)** - To make a counter-offer. This is a specific action within the process of `讲价`. (e.g., "老板要100块，我还价到50块。" - The shopkeeper wanted 100, I counter-offered 50.) +
-  * **[[讨价还价]] (tǎojiàhuánjià)** - A four-character idiom (chengyu) that means "to haggle." It's more formal and descriptive of the entire back-and-forth process. +
-  * **[[便宜]] (piányi)** - Cheap, inexpensive. This is usually the goal of `讲价`. A key phrase is "便宜一点吧! (piányi yìdiǎnr ba!)" - "A little cheaper!" +
-  * **[[打折]] (dǎzhé)** - To give a discount (usually a percentage). This is what you ask a shop to do. (e.g., "能打个折吗?" - Can you give a discount?) +
-  * **[[优惠]] (yōuhuì)** - A special offer, a benefit, a discount. A more formal term than `打折`. +
-  * **[[价格]] (jiàgé)** - Price. The object that is being discussed during `讲价`. +
-  * **[[老板]] (lǎobǎn)** - The boss, shop owner. The person you will most likely be bargaining with. +
-  * **[[谈判]] (tánpàn)** - To negotiate. The formal term used for business, diplomacy, or other serious matters. An important distinction from `讲价`.+