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| 设施 [2025/08/12 00:04] – created xiaoer | 设施 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1 |
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| ====== shèshī: 设施 - Facilities, Installations, Infrastructure ====== | |
| ===== Quick Summary ===== | |
| * **Keywords:** 设施, she shi, Chinese facilities, public facilities in China, infrastructure in Chinese, buildings and installations, amenities, what are 设施, she shi vs she bei. | |
| * **Summary:** "设施" (shè shī) is a fundamental Chinese noun for "facilities," "installations," or "amenities." It's an essential term for anyone discussing modern life in China, referring to everything from a gym's equipment and a hotel's swimming pool to a city's public infrastructure like parks and subway systems. Understanding "设施" is key to talking about urban development, real estate, and the quality of public services in China today. | |
| ===== Core Meaning ===== | |
| * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** shè shī | |
| * **Part of Speech:** Noun | |
| * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 | |
| * **Concise Definition:** "设施" refers to the physical structures, systems, and equipment built to serve a specific purpose or community. | |
| * **In a Nutshell:** Think of "设施" as the "stuff" that makes a place functional and livable. It's the hardware of a community. A park has recreational facilities (游乐设施), a school has educational facilities (教学设施), and a city has public facilities (公共设施). It's a broad, practical term for the built environment that serves people. | |
| ===== Character Breakdown ===== | |
| * **设 (shè):** To establish, to set up, to arrange. This character implies a deliberate act of planning and creation. | |
| * **施 (shī):** To implement, to carry out, to bestow. This character suggests putting a plan into action or providing something for use. | |
| Together, 设 (to establish) + 施 (to implement) literally mean "that which is established and implemented." This perfectly captures the meaning of "facilities"—things that have been intentionally built and put in place for a specific function. | |
| ===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== | |
| While "facilities" might seem like a purely functional word, in China, **设施 (shèshī)** is deeply tied to the narrative of national progress and modernization. For the past several decades, China has undergone one of the most rapid urban and infrastructural transformations in human history. | |
| In this context, **设施** is not just a neutral noun; it's a symbol of development, prosperity, and improving quality of life. News reports, government plans, and everyday conversations are filled with discussions about new **设施**—from high-speed rail networks to gleaming new stadiums and parks. | |
| A key difference from Western discourse is the emphasis on **newness and scale**. While a conversation about "infrastructure" in the U.S. might focus on repairing aging bridges, in China, it's often about the grand opening of a brand-new subway line or airport. Having "先进的设施" (xiānjìn de shèshī - advanced facilities) is a point of local and national pride, reflecting the collective value placed on tangible, visible signs of progress and the government's role in providing for its citizens. | |
| ===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== | |
| **设施** is an extremely common and practical word used in both formal and informal contexts. | |
| * **Formal Usage:** You'll see it constantly in real estate listings, government reports, and news articles. | |
| * `小区配套设施齐全。` (Xiǎoqū pèitào shèshī qíquán.) - The residential community's supporting facilities are complete. | |
| * `政府将投资改善交通设施。` (Zhèngfǔ jiāng tóuzī gǎishàn jiāotōng shèshī.) - The government will invest in improving transportation facilities. | |
| * **Informal Usage:** In daily conversation, people use it to talk about the amenities of a place. | |
| * `这个酒店的健身设施怎么样？` (Zhège jiǔdiàn de jiànshēn shèshī zěnmeyàng?) - How are this hotel's fitness facilities? | |
| * `我们公园的儿童游乐设施很受欢迎。` (Wǒmen gōngyuán de értóng yóulè shèshī hěn shòu huānyíng.) - The children's play facilities in our park are very popular. | |
| The connotation is generally neutral but becomes positive when describing good, new, or complete facilities, and negative when describing a lack thereof. | |
| ===== Example Sentences ===== | |
| * **Example 1:** | |
| * 这个新小区的**设施**非常现代化。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhège xīn xiǎoqū de **shèshī** fēicháng xiàndàihuà. | |
| * English: The facilities in this new residential community are very modern. | |
| * Analysis: A common sentence in the context of real estate. "现代化" (xiàndàihuà - modern) is often used to describe new **设施**. | |
| * **Example 2:** | |
| * 学校需要更多资金来更新教学**设施**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Xuéxiào xūyào gèng duō zījīn lái gēngxīn jiàoxué **shèshī**. | |
| * English: The school needs more funding to update its educational facilities. | |
| * Analysis: Here, **设施** is combined with "教学" (jiàoxué - teaching/education) to create a more specific term. | |
| * **Example 3:** | |
| * 这家健身房的**设施**很齐全，什么都有。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhè jiā jiànshēnfáng de **shèshī** hěn qíquán, shénme dōu yǒu. | |
| * English: The facilities at this gym are very complete; they have everything. | |
| * Analysis: "齐全" (qíquán - complete, comprehensive) is a key adjective used with **设施** to indicate that nothing is lacking. | |
| * **Example 4:** | |
| * 政府计划在未来五年内改善城市的公共**设施**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhèngfǔ jìhuà zài wèilái wǔ nián nèi gǎishàn chéngshì de gōnggòng **shèshī**. | |
| * English: The government plans to improve the city's public facilities within the next five years. | |
| * Analysis: "公共设施" (gōnggòng shèshī) is a set phrase for "public facilities," a very common term in news and official announcements. | |
| * **Example 5:** | |
| * 虽然酒店位置很好，但是**设施**有点陈旧。 | |
| * Pinyin: Suīrán jiǔdiàn wèizhì hěn hǎo, dànshì **shèshī** yǒudiǎn chénjiù. | |
| * English: Although the hotel's location is great, its facilities are a bit old and outdated. | |
| * Analysis: "陈旧" (chénjiù - old, outdated) is the opposite of "先进" (xiānjìn) or "现代化" (xiàndàihuà) and expresses dissatisfaction. | |
| * **Example 6:** | |
| * 我们必须保护公园里的娱乐**设施**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Wǒmen bìxū bǎohù gōngyuán lǐ de yúlè **shèshī**. | |
| * English: We must protect the recreational facilities in the park. | |
| * Analysis: This sentence shows **设施** being used for things related to fun and entertainment ("娱乐" yúlè). | |
| * **Example 7:** | |
| * 这个度假村提供一流的会议**设施**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhège dùjiàcūn tígōng yīliú de huìyì **shèshī**. | |
| * English: This resort provides first-class conference facilities. | |
| * Analysis: This shows how the term is used in a business or commercial context. "一流的" (yīliú de) means "first-class." | |
| * **Example 8:** | |
| * 这里的医疗**设施**水平很高。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhèlǐ de yīliáo **shèshī** shuǐpíng hěn gāo. | |
| * English: The standard of medical facilities here is very high. | |
| * Analysis: "医疗设施" (yīliáo shèshī) refers to hospitals, clinics, and their foundational infrastructure. | |
| * **Example 9:** | |
| * 这个城市的基础**设施**建设得很快。 | |
| * Pinyin: Zhège chéngshì de jīchǔ **shèshī** jiànshè de hěn kuài. | |
| * English: This city's infrastructure is being built very quickly. | |
| * Analysis: "基础设施" (jīchǔ shèshī) is the specific word for "infrastructure" (roads, power grids, etc.) and is a subset of the broader term **设施**. | |
| * **Example 10:** | |
| * 购买前，你应该仔细检查公寓的配套**设施**。 | |
| * Pinyin: Gòumǎi qián, nǐ yīnggāi zǐxì jiǎnchá gōngyù de pèitào **shèshī**. | |
| * English: Before buying, you should carefully check the apartment's supporting facilities. | |
| * Analysis: "配套设施" (pèitào shèshī) is a common real estate term for the amenities that come with a property, like a gym, pool, or parking. | |
| ===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== | |
| The most critical point of confusion for learners is the difference between **设施 (shèshī)** and **设备 (shèbèi)**. They can both be translated as "equipment" in some dictionaries, but they are not interchangeable. | |
| * **设施 (shèshī) - Facilities / Installations:** Refers to larger, structural, often immovable items or systems that serve a place. Think of the building, the plumbing, the playground structure itself. | |
| * Correct: 医院是重要的医疗**设施**。 (Yīyuàn shì zhòngyào de yīliáo **shèshī**.) - A hospital is an important medical **facility**. | |
| * **设备 (shèbèi) - Equipment / Devices:** Refers to smaller, individual, often movable machines or tools that are used *within* a facility. Think of the computers, the projector, the MRI machine. | |
| * Correct: 医院买了一台新**设备**。 (Yīyuàn mǎile yí tái xīn **shèbèi**.) - The hospital bought a new piece of **equipment**. | |
| **Common Mistake:** | |
| * **Incorrect:** `我们办公室有很多新**设施**。` (Wǒmen bàngōngshì yǒu hěn duō xīn **shèshī**.) | |
| * **Why it's wrong:** An office contains individual pieces of equipment like computers, printers, and coffee machines. These are **设备 (shèbèi)**. The word **设施 (shèshī)** would refer to the building's central air conditioning, the elevators, or the parking garage—the larger infrastructure. | |
| * **Correct:** `我们办公室有很多新**设备**。` (Wǒmen bàngōngshì yǒu hěn duō xīn **shèbèi**.) - Our office has a lot of new **equipment**. | |
| Think of it this way: You put **设备 (equipment)** inside a **设施 (facility)**. | |
| ===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== | |
| * [[设备]] (shèbèi) - The most important related term. Refers to individual pieces of equipment or devices, as opposed to larger facilities. | |
| * [[基础设施]] (jīchǔ shèshī) - Infrastructure. A more specific and large-scale type of **设施**, referring to fundamental systems like roads, bridges, and power grids. | |
| * [[公共设施]] (gōnggòng shèshī) - Public facilities. Specifies that the facilities are for public use, like parks, libraries, and public restrooms. | |
| * [[安装]] (ānzhuāng) - To install. The verb for setting up both **设施** and **设备**. | |
| * [[建筑]] (jiànzhù) - Building; architecture. A building is a type of facility and contains other facilities. | |
| * [[条件]] (tiáojiàn) - Conditions; terms. Often used to describe the state of facilities, e.g., "设施条件很好" (the condition of the facilities is good). | |
| * [[环境]] (huánjìng) - Environment; surroundings. Good facilities contribute to a good living or working environment. | |
| * [[齐全]] (qíquán) - Complete; comprehensive. A common adjective used to praise a place for having all the necessary facilities. | |
| * [[便利]] (biànlì) - Convenient; convenience. The goal of having good facilities is to provide convenience. | |