调查

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调查 [2025/08/04 19:52] – created xiaoer调查 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== diàochá: 调查 - To Investigate, To Survey, Inquiry ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 调查, diàochá, investigate in Chinese, Chinese survey, Chinese investigation, to inquire, conduct a survey, market research China, police investigation, HSK 4 vocabulary, learn Chinese +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **调查 (diàochá)**, meaning to **investigate** or **survey**. This comprehensive guide breaks down how to use 调查 for everything from a formal police **investigation** to conducting market **research** or a simple opinion **survey**. Discover its cultural context, practical examples, and common mistakes to master this key HSK 4 vocabulary word and sound more like a native speaker. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** diàochá +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb, Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To look into a matter to find out the facts; an investigation, inquiry, or survey. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **调查 (diàochá)** is the go-to word for any systematic process of gathering information. Think of police detectives solving a crime, a company conducting market research, or a journalist looking into a story. It implies a structured, purposeful inquiry, not just a casual glance. It's a versatile word that can be used as the action of "investigating" (verb) or as the "investigation" itself (noun). +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **调 (diào):** This character can mean "to transfer," "to shift," or "to dispatch." In this context, it evokes the idea of dispatching people or resources to look into a matter. +
-  * **查 (chá):** This character means "to check," "to examine," or "to look into." It's the core action of seeking information. +
-  * When combined, **调查 (diàochá)** literally means "to dispatch and check" or "to shift focus and examine." This paints a clear picture of a formal, organized effort to uncover facts. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese society, which often values structure, process, and official channels, **调查 (diàochá)** is a word that carries significant weight. It is most commonly associated with formal inquiries by official bodies like the government (`政府 zhèngfǔ`), the police (`警察 jǐngchá`), or large corporations. A **调查** implies seriousness and the pursuit of objective truth. +
-A key difference for Western learners is that **调查 (diàochá)** covers a much broader range of activities than the English word "investigation." While "investigation" often brings to mind crime scenes and detectives, **调查** also serves as the primary word for "survey." +
-  * **Western "Investigation":** Often implies uncovering wrongdoing or solving a mystery (e.g., a criminal investigation). +
-  * **Western "Survey":** A distinct concept focused on gathering data or opinions from a group (e.g., a market survey, an opinion poll). +
-**调查 (diàochá)** encompasses both of these. A `市场调查 (shìchǎng diàochá)` is a "market survey," and a `刑事调查 (xíngshì diàochá)` is a "criminal investigation." Understanding this dual meaning is crucial for using the word correctly. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**调查 (diàochá)** is a common and important word used across various formal and semi-formal contexts. +
-  * **As a Verb (to investigate/survey):** +
-    * //Formal:// The police are investigating the case. (`警察正在调查这个案子。`) +
-    * //Business:// Our company plans to survey customer needs. (`我们公司计划调查客户需求。`) +
-  * **As a Noun (an investigation/survey):** +
-    * //Formal:// The investigation is still ongoing. (`调查还在进行中。`) +
-    * //Business:// According to our survey, most users prefer this design. (`根据我们的调查，大部分用户更喜欢这个设计。`) +
-Its connotation is generally neutral and objective. It's about the process of finding facts, not passing judgment. While it's a formal word, you might hear it in a slightly more casual office setting, for example, a manager asking an employee to "look into" a client complaint (`你去调查一下`). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 警察正在**调查**这起交通事故的原因。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jǐngchá zhèngzài **diàochá** zhè qǐ jiāotōng shìgù de yuányīn. +
-    * English: The police are investigating the cause of this traffic accident. +
-    * Analysis: A classic example of **调查** used as a verb in a formal, official context (police work). +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 我们需要做一个市场**调查**来了解我们的竞争对手。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào zuò yí ge shìchǎng **diàochá** lái liǎojiě wǒmen de jìngzhēng duìshǒu. +
-    * English: We need to do a market survey to understand our competitors. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **调查** is used as a noun, specifically a "survey." Note the verb `做 (zuò)`, meaning "to do," which is commonly paired with `调查`. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * **调查**结果显示，大多数人支持新政策。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Diàochá** jiéguǒ xiǎnshì, dàduōshù rén zhīchí xīn zhèngcè. +
-    * English: The survey results show that the majority of people support the new policy. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence uses **调查** as a noun, as part of the common phrase `调查结果 (diàochá jiéguǒ)`, meaning "investigation/survey results." +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 记者正在**调查**这家公司的财务问题。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jìzhě zhèngzài **diàochá** zhè jiā gōngsī de cáiwù wèntí. +
-    * English: The journalist is investigating this company's financial problems. +
-    * Analysis: Shows the use of **调查** in the context of investigative journalism. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 老板让我**调查**一下为什么上个月的销售额下降了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎobǎn ràng wǒ **diàochá** yíxià wèishéme shàng ge yuè de xiāoshòu'é xiàjiàng le. +
-    * English: My boss asked me to look into why last month's sales figures dropped. +
-    * Analysis: A slightly less formal, workplace example. The `一下 (yíxià)` softens the verb, making it sound more like "look into it" rather than a full-blown formal investigation. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 这次**调查**的目的是收集学生对新食堂的意见。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì **diàochá** de mùdì shì shōují xuéshēng duì xīn shítáng de yìjiàn. +
-    * English: The purpose of this survey is to collect students' opinions about the new cafeteria. +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates **调查** used as a noun, referring to a specific survey event. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 根据一项最近的**调查**，越来越多的人选择在家工作。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gēnjù yí xiàng zuìjìn de **diàochá**, yuèláiyuè duō de rén xuǎnzé zài jiā gōngzuò. +
-    * English: According to a recent survey, more and more people are choosing to work from home. +
-    * Analysis: `一项 (yí xiàng)` is a measure word often used for surveys, reports, and projects. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 填写这份**调查**问卷大概需要五分钟。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tiánxiě zhè fèn **diàochá** wènjuàn dàgài xūyào wǔ fēnzhōng. +
-    * English: It will take about five minutes to fill out this survey questionnaire. +
-    * Analysis: Highlights the very common compound noun `调查问卷 (diàochá wènjuàn)`, which means "survey questionnaire." +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 经过详细**调查**，我们发现问题出在供应链上。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jīngguò xiángxì **diàochá**, wǒmen fāxiàn wèntí chū zài gōngyìngliàn shàng. +
-    * English: After a detailed investigation, we found that the problem was in the supply chain. +
-    * Analysis: The adverb `详细 (xiángxì)` meaning "detailed" is often used to modify **调查**. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 对此事件的官方**调查**已经开始。 +
-    * Pinyin: Duì cǐ shìjiàn de guānfāng **diàochá** yǐjīng kāishǐ. +
-    * English: The official investigation into this incident has begun. +
-    * Analysis: `官方 (guānfāng)` means "official," reinforcing the formal and authoritative nature of many investigations. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **`调查 (diàochá)` vs. `研究 (yánjiū)`** +
-    * **调查 (diàochá)** is about //gathering// information and facts (investigating, surveying). +
-    * `[[研究]] (yánjiū)` is about //analyzing// that information to form a hypothesis or conclusion (researching, studying). +
-    * You first `调查` to collect data, and then you `研究` the data you've collected. +
-    * //Incorrect:// 我要研究一下发生了什么事。 (I want to research what happened.) - This sounds too academic. +
-    * //Correct:// 我要**调查**一下发生了什么事。 (I want to investigate what happened.) +
-  * **`调查 (diàochá)` vs. `检查 (jiǎnchá)`** +
-    * **调查 (diàochá)** is for looking into a situation, an event, or a matter to find unknown information. +
-    * `[[检查]] (jiǎnchá)` is for inspecting a specific object, person, or system for correctness, quality, or health. +
-    * You `调查` a crime scene, but you `检查` the evidence. You `调查` customer satisfaction, but you `检查` a product for defects. +
-    * //Incorrect:// 医生在调查我的身体。 (The doctor is investigating my body.) +
-    * //Correct:// 医生在**检查**我的身体。 (The doctor is checking my body.) +
-  * **Don't use `调查` for a simple "check."** +
-    * For a quick, informal check, like looking up a word in a dictionary or checking the time, use the single character `[[查]] (chá)`. +
-    * //Incorrect:// 我去调查一下词典。 (I'll go investigate the dictionary.) +
-    * //Correct:// 我去**查**一下词典。 (I'll go look it up in the dictionary.) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * `[[研究]] (yánjiū)` - To research; study. The analytical step that often follows a **调查**. +
-  * `[[检查]] (jiǎnchá)` - To check; inspect. More focused on physical objects, health, or quality control than the situational focus of **调查**. +
-  * `[[查]] (chá)` - To check; look up. The more informal, core action within **调查**. Used for quick look-ups. +
-  * `[[侦查]] (zhēnchá)` - To investigate (a crime). A more specific term for police or detective work. All `侦查` are a type of `调查`. +
-  * `[[访问]] (fǎngwèn)` - To interview; to visit formally. A common method used to gather information during a **调查**. +
-  * `[[打听]] (dǎting)` - To ask around; to inquire informally. The casual, conversational way to find things out, unlike the formal **调查**. +
-  * `[[问卷]] (wènjuàn)` - Questionnaire. The tool often used in a survey, as in `调查问卷`. +
-  * `[[报告]] (bàogào)` - Report. The final product of a **调查** is often a `调查报告 (diàochá bàogào)`.+