账单

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账单 [2025/08/11 11:38] – created xiaoer账单 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== zhàngdān: 账单 - Bill, Check ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** zhangdan, zhàngdān, 账单, Chinese word for bill, check in Chinese, how to ask for the bill in Chinese, restaurant bill in Chinese, utility bill, credit card bill, pay the bill Chinese, mǎidān, jiézhàng, fāpiào +
-  * **Summary:** Learn how to use **账单 (zhàngdān)**, the essential Chinese word for "bill" or "check." This guide covers everything from asking for the check at a restaurant to understanding your utility bills and credit card statements in China. Discover the cultural nuances of paying the bill, learn practical phrases, and understand the crucial difference between a `账单` (bill) and a `发票 (fāpiào)` (official receipt). This is a must-know term for anyone traveling, living, or doing business in China. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** zhàngdān +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** An itemized list of charges for goods or services; a bill or check. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** `账单` is the physical or digital document that tells you what you owe. Think of it as the universal word for any list of charges. Whether you've just finished a meal, received your monthly phone statement, or are reviewing your online shopping cart, the document detailing the costs is your `账单`. It's a straightforward and highly practical word for everyday life. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **账 (zhàng):** This character is about accounts or debts. It's composed of the radical `贝 (bèi)`, which means "shell" and was used as currency in ancient China, signifying money. The other part, `长 (zhǎng/cháng)`, provides the sound and can mean "to grow." So, `账` conceptually refers to a monetary account that can grow. +
-  * **单 (dān):** This character means "list," "sheet," or "single." It's frequently used in words referring to a piece of paper with information, like `菜单 (càidān)` for "menu." +
-  * Together, `账 (account) + 单 (list)` creates a very literal and logical word: an "account list," which is exactly what a bill is. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While `账单` itself is a simple transactional term, the act of handling it is rich with cultural significance in China. +
-In the West, especially in the US, "going Dutch" (splitting the bill) is the default for meals among friends. In China, particularly in more formal or traditional settings, it's common for one person to treat the entire group. Paying the `账单` for everyone is a way to show generosity, respect, and "face" (`[[面子]] (miànzi)`). Fighting over who gets to pay the bill is a common and often dramatic social ritual, demonstrating eagerness to be a good host or a generous friend. +
-However, modern China is changing. With the rise of mobile payment apps like WeChat Pay and Alipay, splitting the bill, known as `AA制 (AA zhì)`, has become very common among younger people and in casual situations. These apps have a "split bill" function that makes it easy and less awkward. Despite this, for business dinners, family gatherings, or when showing respect to an elder or superior, the tradition of one person paying the entire `账单` remains strong. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-`账单` is used in any context where a bill is issued. +
-  * **In Restaurants:** While `账单` is the bill itself, you typically don't use this word to ask for it. Instead, you use the verbs `买单 (mǎidān)` (lit. "buy the bill") or `结账 (jiézhàng)` (lit. "settle the account"). You'd say, "**服务员，买单！**" (Waiter, the check!). The waiter will then bring you the `账单`. +
-  * **Utilities and Services:** You will receive bills for utilities and services. For example: +
-    * `电费**账单** (diànfèi zhàngdān)` - Electricity bill +
-    * `水费**账单** (shuǐfèi zhàngdān)` - Water bill +
-    * `电话费**账单** (diànhuàfèi zhàngdān)` - Phone bill +
-  * **Finance and Shopping:** +
-    * `信用卡**账单** (xìnyòngkǎ zhàngdān)` - Credit card statement/bill +
-    * `购物**账单** (gòuwù zhàngdān)` - Shopping bill/receipt +
-The term is neutral and used in both formal and informal contexts without any change in connotation. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 服务员，可以给我**账单**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Fúwùyuán, kěyǐ gěi wǒ **zhàngdān** ma? +
-    * English: Waiter, can you give me the bill? +
-    * Analysis: A polite and direct way to ask for the physical bill. While `买单 (mǎidān)` is more common to initiate payment, this sentence is perfectly correct for requesting the document itself. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 我们检查一下**账单**，看看有没有算错。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen jiǎnchá yīxià **zhàngdān**, kànkan yǒu méiyǒu suàn cuò. +
-    * English: Let's check the bill to see if there are any mistakes in the calculation. +
-    * Analysis: This shows `账单` as the object you review. `检查 (jiǎnchá)` means "to check" or "to inspect." +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 这个月的信用卡**账单**出来了吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège yuè de xìnyòngkǎ **zhàngdān** chūlái le ma? +
-    * English: Has this month's credit card bill come out yet? +
-    * Analysis: A common question regarding recurring bills. `出来 (chūlái)` here means "to be issued" or "to come out." +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 哇，今天这顿饭的**账单**可不便宜！ +
-    * Pinyin: Wā, jīntiān zhè dùn fàn de **zhàngdān** kě bù piányi! +
-    * English: Wow, the bill for today's meal is really not cheap! +
-    * Analysis: Shows how to comment on the cost of a `账单`. The particle `可 (kě)` is used here for emphasis. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 我忘了付上个月的电费**账单**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ wàng le fù shàng gè yuè de diànfèi **zhàngdān**. +
-    * English: I forgot to pay last month's electricity bill. +
-    * Analysis: Demonstrates the use of `账单` for utilities. `付 (fù)` means "to pay." +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 你能帮我把这份**账单**用微信支付吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ néng bāng wǒ bǎ zhè fèn **zhàngdān** yòng Wēixìn zhīfù ma? +
-    * English: Can you help me pay this bill using WeChat Pay? +
-    * Analysis: This sentence incorporates modern payment methods. `把 (bǎ)` is used to bring the object (`这份账单`) before the verb (`支付`). +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 酒店会把最终**账单**送到您的房间。 +
-    * Pinyin: Jiǔdiàn huì bǎ zuìzhōng **zhàngdān** sòngdào nín de fángjiān. +
-    * English: The hotel will send the final bill to your room. +
-    * Analysis: `最终账单 (zuìzhōng zhàngdān)` means "final bill," a common term used in hospitality. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 所有的开销都在这张**账单**上了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Suǒyǒu de kāixiāo dōu zài zhè zhāng **zhàngdān** shàng le. +
-    * English: All the expenses are on this bill. +
-    * Analysis: `开销 (kāixiāo)` means expenses. The measure word for `账单` is `张 (zhāng)`. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 收到医疗**账单**时，我吓了一跳。 +
-    * Pinyin: Shōudào yīliáo **zhàngdān** shí, wǒ xià le yī tiào. +
-    * English: I jumped in surprise when I received the medical bill. +
-    * Analysis: `医疗账单 (yīliáo zhàngdān)` is a "medical bill." `吓了一跳 (xià le yī tiào)` is a common idiom for being startled or shocked. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 这家餐厅的**账单**总是很清楚，从不乱收费。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā cāntīng de **zhàngdān** zǒngshì hěn qīngchu, cóng bù luàn shōufèi. +
-    * English: This restaurant's bills are always very clear, they never add random charges. +
-    * Analysis: Praising the clarity and honesty of a `账单`. `乱收费 (luàn shōufèi)` means to charge fees randomly or unfairly. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most common point of confusion for learners is distinguishing `账单` from related verbs and other documents. +
-  * **`账单` (noun) vs. `买单 (mǎidān)` / `结账 (jiézhàng)` (verb phrases):** +
-    * `账单` is the thing, the paper or digital list of charges. +
-    * `买单` and `结账` are the actions of paying that bill. +
-    * **Correct:** `服务员，买单！` (Waiter, let's pay!) -> He brings the `账单`. +
-    * **Incorrect:** `服务员，账单！` (While understandable, it's less natural than using `买单` or `结账` to signal you're ready to pay). Think of it like shouting "Bill!" versus "Check, please!" in English. +
-  * **`账单` (bill) vs. `发票 (fāpiào)` (official receipt):** +
-    * This is a critical distinction, especially for business. A `账单` is just a list of what you bought and how much it costs. A `发票 (fāpiào)` is an official, government-registered receipt that is required for tax purposes and, most importantly, for getting reimbursed by your company. +
-    * **Process:** You first pay the `账单`. After paying, you must specifically ask for an official receipt by saying: `“你好，可以开一张发票吗？” (Nǐ hǎo, kěyǐ kāi yī zhāng fāpiào ma?)` +
-    * **Mistake:** Assuming the `账单` is enough for reimbursement. It is not. You will almost always need a `发票`. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * `[[买单]] (mǎidān)` - The common, slightly more informal action of asking for and paying the bill, especially in restaurants. +
-  * `[[结账]] (jiézhàng)` - The action of settling an account; a bit more formal than `买单`. Can be used in hotels or for services. +
-  * `[[发票]] (fāpiào)` - The official, government-recognized receipt needed for expense reports and reimbursement. Crucially different from a `账单`. +
-  * `[[菜单]] (càidān)` - The menu. Both `菜单` and `账单` use `单` (list). +
-  * `[[收据]] (shōujù)` - A general, unofficial receipt or proof of payment. Less formal than a `发票`. +
-  * `[[AA制]] (AA zhì)` - "Going Dutch" or splitting the bill evenly. The "AA" stands for "Algebraic Average." +
-  * `[[请客]] (qǐngkè)` - To treat someone; to play the host (and thus pay the `账单`). +
-  * `[[费用]] (fèiyòng)` - A general term for costs, fees, or expenses. +
-  * `[[付款]] (fùkuǎn)` - A formal verb meaning "to make a payment." You `付款` to settle a `账单`. +
-  * `[[欠款]] (qiànkuǎn)` - A debt; the amount owed on a `账单` that hasn't been paid.+