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--- 车牌 [2025/08/12 13:58] – created xiaoer
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-====== chēpái: 车牌 - License Plate, Number Plate ======
-===== Quick Summary =====
-  * **Keywords:** chepai, 车牌, Chinese license plate, what is chepai, license plate in Chinese, car plate China, Chinese number plate meaning, vehicle registration China, lucky numbers, car plate lottery.
-  * **Summary:** "车牌" (chēpái) is the Chinese word for a vehicle's license plate or number plate. While it serves the same basic function as in the West, in China, a "车牌" is far more than just an identifier. Due to strict regulations in major cities, obtaining one can involve a competitive lottery or a costly auction, making it a significant status symbol. Furthermore, the numbers on a "车牌" are deeply connected to cultural beliefs about luck and fortune, with certain number combinations fetching astronomical prices. This entry explores the practical use and deep cultural significance of "车牌" in modern China.
-===== Core Meaning =====
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** chēpái
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4
-  * **Concise Definition:** The official identification plate attached to the front and rear of a motor vehicle.
-  * **In a Nutshell:** "车牌" literally translates to "car plate." On the surface, it's just a license plate. However, think of it as a key that unlocks the right to drive in a city. In places like Beijing and Shanghai, this "key" is incredibly scarce and expensive, turning the mundane act of registering a car into a major life event filled with anxiety, hope, and sometimes, a huge financial investment. It's a perfect example of how a simple object can reflect a country's economic policies, urban challenges, and traditional beliefs.
-===== Character Breakdown =====
-  * **车 (chē):** This character means "car" or "vehicle." Its ancient form was a pictogram of a chariot viewed from above, showing the wheels, axle, and passenger compartment.
-  * **牌 (pái):** This character means "plate," "sign," "tablet," or "card." It refers to a flat object, often with writing or symbols on it.
-When combined, 车 (chē) and 牌 (pái) create a very logical and descriptive word: a "vehicle plate."
-===== Cultural Context and Significance =====
-In Western countries, a license plate is a bureaucratic formality. In China, it's a cultural phenomenon.
-  * **The Gatekeeper to Driving:** In China's Tier-1 cities (like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou), the government severely restricts the number of new license plates issued each month to combat traffic congestion and pollution. This creates intense competition.
-    *   **Beijing:** Uses a lottery system (`摇号 yáohào`). Millions of people apply, but only a tiny fraction win the right to a plate each month. Some people wait for years without success.
-    *   **Shanghai:** Uses an auction system (`拍卖 pāimài`). Aspiring car owners bid against each other, and the price for a single plate can often exceed the price of an economy car, sometimes costing over 100,000 RMB (around $14,000 USD).
-  * **Numerology and Status:** This is where Chinese cultural values become highly visible. The numbers on a plate are not random; they are believed to carry luck and influence one's fate. This is a stark contrast to the American concept of a "vanity plate" (which is about personalization like "ILUVNY"). In China, it's about auspiciousness.
-    *   **Lucky Numbers:** **8 (八 bā)** sounds like **发 (fā)**, meaning "to get rich" or "prosper." A plate with multiple 8s, like "A88888," is considered extremely lucky and can be worth millions. **6 (六 liù)** sounds like **溜 (liù)**, meaning "smooth" or "fluid," implying a smooth, trouble-free life. **9 (九 jiǔ)** is a homophone for **久 (jiǔ)**, meaning "long-lasting" or "eternal."
-    *   **Unlucky Number:** **4 (四 sì)** is the most avoided number, as it sounds like **死 (sǐ)**, meaning "death." Most people will actively avoid a plate with the number 4, especially at the end.
-  * **A Symbol of Wealth and Power:** Because of the cost and difficulty, a desirable "车牌" is an undeniable status symbol. A plate from a major city (e.g., a 京A plate for Beijing) or one with lucky numbers instantly signals wealth, persistence, or connections.
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China =====
-"车牌" is a common word used in many everyday situations.
-  * **In Conversation:** People often discuss the "车牌" lottery or auction, complain about its difficulty, or comment on a particularly lucky or unlucky plate they saw on the road.
-  * **When Buying a Car:** The question isn't just "What car are you buying?" but often "Do you have a 车牌 yet?" The plate is a prerequisite.
-  * **Legal and Official Contexts:** When reporting an accident, dealing with traffic police, or paying for parking, you will always need to provide your `车牌号码 (chēpái hàomǎ)` - license plate number.
-  * **New Energy Vehicles:** The government promotes electric cars by issuing special green "车牌" (`新能源车牌 xīn néngyuán chēpái`), which are often much easier to obtain, making them a popular choice for those who can't get a standard blue plate.
-===== Example Sentences =====
-  * **Example 1:**
-    * 我朋友的**车牌**是沪A88888，太牛了！
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ péngyǒu de **chēpái** shì Hù A bā bā bā bā bā, tài niú le!
-    * English: My friend's license plate is Shanghai-A88888, that's so awesome!
-    * Analysis: "沪 (Hù)" is the one-character abbreviation for Shanghai. This sentence expresses admiration for an extremely lucky and valuable license plate.
-  * **Example 2:**
-    * 在北京，摇到一个**车牌**比找工作还难。
-    * Pinyin: Zài Běijīng, yáo dào yí ge **chēpái** bǐ zhǎo gōngzuò hái nán.
-    * English: In Beijing, winning a license plate in the lottery is even harder than finding a job.
-    * Analysis: This is a common exaggeration used to emphasize the extreme difficulty of the license plate lottery (`摇号 yáohào`).
-  * **Example 3:**
-    * 警察，我看到那辆肇事逃逸的车的**车牌**号了。
-    * Pinyin: Jǐngchá, wǒ kàndào nà liàng zhàoshì táoyì de chē de **chēpái** hào le.
-    * English: Officer, I saw the license plate number of that hit-and-run car.
-    * Analysis: This shows the practical use of "车牌" in a formal, serious situation. `车牌号 (chēpái hào)` means "license plate number."
-  * **Example 4:**
-    * 这个**车牌**花了我十万块钱，比我的车都贵。
-    * Pinyin: Zhè ge **chēpái** huā le wǒ shí wàn kuài qián, bǐ wǒ de chē dōu guì.
-    * English: This license plate cost me 100,000 RMB; it's more expensive than my car.
-    * Analysis: A sentence you might hear in Shanghai, highlighting the high cost of plates obtained through auction.
-  * **Example 5:**
-    * 你能帮我记一下那个车的**车牌**吗？
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ néng bāng wǒ jì yíxià nà ge chē de **chēpái** ma?
-    * English: Can you help me remember that car's license plate?
-    * Analysis: A simple, everyday request. `记一下 (jì yíxià)` means to "jot down" or "memorize for a moment."
-  * **Example 6:**
-    * 我的**车牌**号码里有个4，我妈妈觉得不吉利。
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ de **chēpái** hàomǎ lǐ yǒu ge sì, wǒ māma juéde bù jíli.
-    * English: My license plate number has a 4 in it; my mom thinks it's unlucky.
-    * Analysis: This directly references the cultural superstition surrounding the number 4. `不吉利 (bù jílì)` means "inauspicious."
-  * **Example 7:**
-    * 为了拿到一个**车牌**，我决定买一辆新能源汽车。
-    * Pinyin: Wèi le ná dào yí ge **chēpái**, wǒ juédìng mǎi yí liàng xīn néngyuán qìchē.
-    * English: In order to get a license plate, I decided to buy a new energy vehicle.
-    * Analysis: This illustrates a common strategy to bypass the difficult lottery/auction for standard (blue) plates by opting for an electric car with a (green) plate.
-  * **Example 8:**
-    * 这辆车挂的是外地**车牌**，高峰时段不能上高架。
-    * Pinyin: Zhè liàng chē guà de shì wàidì **chēpái**, gāofēng shíduàn bù néng shàng gāojià.
-    * English: This car has an out-of-town license plate, so it can't go on the elevated highway during rush hour.
-    * Analysis: This highlights traffic restrictions placed on cars with non-local plates in big cities. `外地 (wàidì)` means "non-local."
-  * **Example 9:**
-    * 你的车还没上**车牌**吗？
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ de chē hái méi shàng **chēpái** ma?
-    * English: Haven't you put the license plate on your car yet?
-    * Analysis: `上 (shàng)` here means "to install" or "to register." `上车牌` is the common verb phrase for getting a plate installed on a car.
-  * **Example 10:**
-    * 他开的是一辆套牌车，**车牌**是假的。
-    * Pinyin: Tā kāi de shì yí liàng tàopáichē, **chēpái** shì jiǎ de.
-    * English: He is driving a car with a cloned plate; the license plate is fake.
-    * Analysis: Introduces the concept of `套牌车 (tàopáichē)`, a car using illegal, copied license plates.
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes =====
-  * **"车牌" (chēpái) vs. "牌照" (páizhào):** This is a key distinction.
-    *   **车牌 (chēpái):** Refers specifically to the physical metal plate on the car. It's the common, everyday word.
-    *   **牌照 (páizhào):** Is a more formal and broader term. It can mean "license" or "permit" in general. When talking about cars, it refers to the official vehicle license or registration itself, not just the plate. In casual speech, people might use them interchangeably, but in formal or legal contexts, `牌照` is more precise for the official registration document/status.
-    *   **Beginner Tip:** Stick with `车牌` for "license plate." You'll always be understood.
-  * **Underestimating its Importance:** The biggest mistake for a learner is not a mistranslation, but a misinterpretation of its cultural weight. Simply translating "车牌" as "license plate" misses the story of urban economics, status, and superstition that the term carries in China.
-  * **Common Confusion:** Do not confuse `车牌` with a driver's license. A driver's license is `驾驶执照 (jiàshǐ zhízhào)` or, more commonly, `驾照 (jiàzhào)`.
-    *   **Incorrect:** 我需要一个新的车牌。 (Wǒ xūyào yí ge xīn de chēpái.) -> *Means "I need a new license plate (for my car).*", but a learner might say this when their driver's license has expired.
-    *   **Correct (for driver's license):** 我的驾照过期了。(Wǒ de jiàzhào guòqī le.) -> "My driver's license has expired."
-===== Related Terms and Concepts =====
-  * **[[牌照]] (páizhào)** - The more formal term for "license," referring to the official registration status, not just the physical plate.
-  * **[[摇号]] (yáohào)** - "To shake a number"; the lottery system used in cities like Beijing to allocate license plates.
-  * **[[拍卖]] (pāimài)** - "To auction"; the auction system used in Shanghai to sell license plates to the highest bidder.
-  * **[[车管所]] (chēguǎnsuǒ)** - The "Vehicle Management Office," the Chinese equivalent of the DMV or DVLA where you handle vehicle registration.
-  * **[[驾照]] (jiàzhào)** - The common word for a driver's license (short for `驾驶执照`).
-  * **[[套牌车]] (tàopáichē)** - A car using a fake, copied, or stolen license plate to evade tolls, tickets, or restrictions.
-  * **[[车牌号]] (chēpái hào)** - The specific "license plate number."
-  * **[[新能源车牌]] (xīn néngyuán chēpái)** - The distinct green license plates for new energy vehicles (electric/hybrid).
-  * **[[限行]] (xiànxíng)** - "Limit driving"; the traffic restrictions in major cities, often based on the last digit of your `车牌` on certain days of the week.