过年

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

过年 [2025/08/10 05:23] – created xiaoer过年 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== guònián: 过年 - To celebrate the New Year, To pass the New Year ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 过年, guonian, guo nian, celebrate Chinese New Year, Chinese New Year traditions, Spring Festival, what is guonian, meaning of guonian, pass the new year, Lunar New Year. +
-  * **Summary:** 过年 (guònián) is the essential Chinese verb for "to celebrate the Chinese New Year," also known as the Spring Festival. It encompasses the entire period of festivities, from the family reunion dinner on New Year's Eve to the Lantern Festival fifteen days later. More than just a date, 过年 describes the act of participating in traditions, reuniting with family, and marking the passage from the old lunar year to the new. It is the most important cultural event in the Chinese-speaking world, a time of renewal, feasting, and honoring ancestors. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** guònián +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb-Object Phrase (过 is the verb, 年 is the object) +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To celebrate the Chinese New Year; to live through the New Year period. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** "过年" is the action of experiencing and celebrating the Chinese New Year. The character "过" (guò) means "to pass" or "to cross over," while "年" (nián) means "year." So, it literally means "to pass the year." This phrase captures the feeling of a transition—leaving behind the troubles of the past year and moving into a fresh, hopeful one. It's not just a party; it's a fundamental, annual cultural ritual. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **过 (guò):** This character means "to pass," "to cross," or "to go through." The radical 辶 (chuò) is related to walking or movement, reinforcing the idea of transition. +
-  * **年 (nián):** This character means "year." Ancient forms of the character are thought to depict a person carrying harvested grain, signifying the completion of an annual agricultural cycle. +
-  * **Combined Meaning:** Together, "过年" (guònián) literally means "to pass the year." This perfectly describes the function of the holiday: it's a major milestone that you "cross over" to get to the new year. Culturally, it also ties into the legend of a monster named "年" (Nian) that would attack villages. People would set off firecrackers and hang red decorations to scare it away, thus "passing over" the threat of the monster, which is another interpretation of "过年". +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * **The Heart of Chinese Culture:** 过年 is the cultural and emotional centerpiece of the year. It's the engine that drives the world's largest annual human migration, known as 春运 (chūnyùn), where hundreds of millions of people travel back to their hometowns to be with family. The central value is **family reunion (团圆 tuányuán)**, and being absent from the New Year's Eve dinner (年夜饭 niányèfàn) is a significant, often sad, event. +
-  * **Comparison to Christmas/Thanksgiving:** For a Western audience, 过年 can be understood as a combination of Christmas and Thanksgiving, but amplified. Like Christmas, it has a festive, magical atmosphere with special decorations (red lanterns, couplets) and gift-giving (red envelopes). Like Thanksgiving, it centers on a massive feast and the theme of returning home. However, 过年 is unique in its duration (15 days), its connection to the lunar calendar, and its specific rituals like honoring ancestors, warding off evil spirits, and the immense social pressure to return home. +
-  * **Related Values:** The holiday is a powerful expression of **filial piety (孝顺 xiàoshùn)**, as adult children are expected to spend time with and honor their parents and elders. It's also steeped in wishes for **prosperity, luck, and good fortune (福 fú)** for the coming year, reflected in everything from the food served to the decorations hung on the door. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **In Conversation:** "过年" is the most common and natural way to talk about celebrating the holiday. +
-    *   Asking plans: "你今年怎么过年?" (Nǐ jīnnián zěnme guònián?) - "How are you celebrating the New Year this year?" +
-    *   Stating plans: "我们回老家过年。" (Wǒmen huí lǎojiā guònián.) - "We're going back to our hometown to celebrate the New Year." +
-  * **A Greeting:** During the festival period, you can greet people with "过年好!" (Guònián hǎo!), which means "Happy New Year!" or literally "New Year Good!" It's slightly more informal and warm than the more common "新年快乐" (Xīnnián kuàilè). +
-  * **On Social Media:** The term is ubiquitous online. People post photos of their family dinners, holiday travels, and festive outfits with hashtags like #过年啦 (#guòniánla - "It's New Year time!") or #回家过年 (#huíjiāguònián - "Going home for New Year"). +
-  * **Business Context:** Companies will announce their holiday schedule by saying something like: "我们公司从...到...放假过年。" (Wǒmen gōngsī cóng... dào... fàngjià guònián.) - "Our company will be on holiday for the New Year from... to..." +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 很多中国人都会回老家**过年**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hěn duō Zhōngguó rén dōu huì huí lǎojiā **guònián**. +
-    * English: Many Chinese people will return to their hometowns to celebrate the New Year. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence describes the most important tradition associated with the term: returning home. "老家" (lǎojiā) means hometown. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 你准备在哪儿**过年**？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ zhǔnbèi zài nǎr **guònián**? +
-    * English: Where are you planning to celebrate the New Year? +
-    * Analysis: A very common question to ask friends and colleagues in the weeks leading up to the holiday. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * **过年**好！祝你新的一年万事如意！ +
-    * Pinyin: **Guònián** hǎo! Zhù nǐ xīn de yī nián wànshì rúyì! +
-    * English: Happy New Year! I wish you all the best in the new year! +
-    * Analysis: "过年好" is a warm, common greeting used during the festival period itself. It's often followed by other well wishes. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 小孩子最喜欢**过年**了，因为可以收红包。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xiǎo háizi zuì xǐhuān **guònián** le, yīnwèi kěyǐ shōu hóngbāo. +
-    * English: Children love celebrating the New Year the most because they can receive red envelopes. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence highlights a key activity from a child's perspective. "收红包" (shōu hóngbāo) means "to receive red envelopes." +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 以前**过年**可以放鞭炮，现在为了环保，很多城市都禁止了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yǐqián **guònián** kěyǐ fàng biānpào, xiànzài wèile huánbǎo, hěn duō chéngshì dōu jìnzhǐ le. +
-    * English: In the past, you could set off firecrackers for the New Year, but now, for environmental protection, many cities have banned it. +
-    * Analysis: This shows how the traditions of 过年 are evolving in modern China. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 对很多在外工作的人来说，回家**过年**的票太难买了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Duì hěn duō zàiwài gōngzuò de rén láishuō, huíjiā **guònián** de piào tài nán mǎi le. +
-    * English: For many people working away from home, the tickets to go home for the New Year are too difficult to buy. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence references the difficulty of the "春运" (chūnyùn) or Spring Festival travel rush. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 虽然现在生活好了，但总觉得**过年**的“年味儿”变淡了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Suīrán xiànzài shēnghuó hǎo le, dàn zǒng juéde **guònián** de “niánwèir” biàn dàn le. +
-    * English: Although life is better now, I always feel that the "New Year atmosphere" has faded. +
-    * Analysis: This expresses a common sentiment of nostalgia. "年味儿" (niánwèir) is a key concept, meaning the "flavor" or special feeling of the holiday. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * **过年**期间，最重要的活动就是和家人一起吃年夜饭。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Guònián** qījiān, zuì zhòngyào de huódòng jiùshì hé jiārén yīqǐ chī niányèfàn. +
-    * English: During the New Year period, the most important activity is eating the New Year's Eve dinner with family. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence explicitly defines the central event of the celebration. "期间" (qījiān) means "period/duration." +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 我们老板很体贴，让我们提前放假回家**过年**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen lǎobǎn hěn tǐtiē, ràng wǒmen tíqián fàngjià huíjiā **guònián**. +
-    * English: Our boss is very considerate; he let us start our holiday early to go home for the New Year. +
-    * Analysis: This shows how the term is used in a work-related context. "体贴" (tǐtiē) means considerate. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 一个人在国外**过年**，感觉有点儿孤单。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yī gè rén zài guówài **guònián**, gǎnjué yǒudiǎnr gūdān. +
-    * English: Celebrating the New Year alone in a foreign country feels a bit lonely. +
-    * Analysis: This highlights the deep cultural importance of family reunion by showing the emotional impact of its absence. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **过年 (guònián) vs. 新年 (xīnnián):** +
-    * **过年** is the **action** of celebrating the Chinese/Lunar New Year. It's a verb phrase. You **do** it. (e.g., 我们回家过年 - We go home to **celebrate the New Year**). +
-    * **新年 (xīnnián)** is the **concept** of the "New Year." It's a noun. You wish someone a happy one. (e.g., 新年快乐 - Happy **New Year**). +
-    * **Common Mistake:** Saying "我们过新年" (Wǒmen guò xīnnián). While people might understand you, it's not idiomatic. The correct phrase for the action is always "过年". +
-  * **过年 (guònián) vs. 元旦 (yuándàn):** +
-    * **过年** refers specifically to the traditional, lunar Chinese New Year (Spring Festival), which falls in January or February. +
-    * **元旦 (yuándàn)** refers exclusively to the Gregorian New Year on January 1st. It's a public holiday in China, but it lacks the cultural weight, family gatherings, and extended duration of 过年. +
-    * **Common Mistake:** Using "过年" to talk about January 1st. If you say "我准备过年了" in December, everyone will assume you mean the upcoming Lunar New Year, not January 1st. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[春节]] (chūnjié) - The official, formal name for the holiday, meaning "Spring Festival." 过年 is the more colloquial and common verb for celebrating it. +
-  * [[除夕]] (chúxī) - Chinese New Year's Eve, the day of the most important family reunion dinner. +
-  * [[年夜饭]] (niányèfàn) - The grand reunion dinner held on New Year's Eve. +
-  * [[拜年]] (bàinián) - The tradition of visiting relatives and friends to exchange New Year's greetings, usually in the first few days of the new year. +
-  * [[红包]] (hóngbāo) - Red envelopes containing money, typically given by elders to children and by bosses to employees. +
-  * [[春运]] (chūnyùn) - "Spring Transportation," the massive travel rush before, during, and after the Spring Festival. +
-  * [[守岁]] (shǒusuì) - The tradition of staying up late on New Year's Eve to "guard the year" and welcome the new one. +
-  * [[年味]] (niánwèi) - The "flavor of the year"; the special festive atmosphere and feeling associated with 过年. +
-  * [[元旦]] (yuándàn) - The Gregorian New Year (January 1st), a separate and much less significant holiday. +
-  * [[团圆]] (tuányuán) - Reunion. This concept of family togetherness is the core emotional pillar of 过年.+