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| - | ====== yùnqi: 运气 - Luck, Fortune ====== | + | |
| - | ===== Quick Summary ===== | + | |
| - | * **Keywords: | + | |
| - | * **Summary: | + | |
| - | ===== Core Meaning ===== | + | |
| - | * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** yùnqi | + | |
| - | * **Part of Speech:** Noun | + | |
| - | * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 | + | |
| - | * **Concise Definition: | + | |
| - | * **In a Nutshell:** **运气 (yùnqi)** is the invisible force of chance that influences the events in your life. Think of it as the " | + | |
| - | ===== Character Breakdown ===== | + | |
| - | * **运 (yùn):** This character' | + | |
| - | * **气 (qì):** This is the famous character for " | + | |
| - | * **How they combine:** Together, **运气 (yùnqi)** literally means "the movement of energy." | + | |
| - | ===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== | + | |
| - | **运气 (yùnqi)** is a cornerstone of daily thought and folk belief in China. It reflects a worldview where personal outcomes are not solely the result of individual effort, but are also heavily influenced by external, uncontrollable forces. | + | |
| - | * **Comparison to Western " | + | |
| - | * **Related Values:** This belief fosters a certain level of humility in success and resilience in failure. If someone succeeds, it was not just their skill but also their **好运气 (hǎo yùnqi - good luck)**. If they fail, it might be because their **运气不好 (yùnqi bù hǎo - luck wasn't good)**, which makes it easier to accept and try again later when their luck might turn. | + | |
| - | ===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== | + | |
| - | **运气** is an extremely common word used in all registers of speech, from casual chats to more formal discussions. | + | |
| - | * **Wishing Someone Luck:** Before an exam, a job interview, or a competition, | + | |
| - | * **Explaining Events:** It's frequently used to explain why things happened the way they did. | + | |
| - | * **Positive: | + | |
| - | * **Negative: | + | |
| - | * **Self-Consolation: | + | |
| - | ===== Example Sentences ===== | + | |
| - | * **Example 1:** | + | |
| - | * 我今天**运气**真好，出门就捡到了钱。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Wǒ jīntiān **yùnqi** zhēn hǎo, chūmén jiù jiǎndào le qián. | + | |
| - | * English: My **luck** is so good today, I found money right after leaving the house. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: A classic example of describing good **运气**. The phrase `运气真好 (yùnqi zhēn hǎo)` is a very common exclamation. | + | |
| - | * **Example 2:** | + | |
| - | * 他最近**运气**很差，做什么都不顺利。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Tā zuìjìn **yùnqi** hěn chà, zuò shénme dōu bù shùnlì. | + | |
| - | * English: His **luck** has been very bad recently; nothing he does goes smoothly. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: Here, `差 (chà - poor/bad)` is used to describe negative luck. This is a common way to express a string of unfortunate events. | + | |
| - | * **Example 3:** | + | |
| - | * 祝你明天面试**运气**好！ | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Zhù nǐ míngtiān miànshì **yùnqi** hǎo! | + | |
| - | * English: Hope you have good **luck** at your interview tomorrow! | + | |
| - | * Analysis: This shows how to wish someone luck. Note that `好 (hǎo)` is added to specify *good* luck. `祝你好运 (Zhù nǐ hǎo yùn)` is a more general, set phrase. | + | |
| - | * **Example 4:** | + | |
| - | * 他能赢得比赛，不只是靠实力，也靠**运气**。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Tā néng yíngdé bǐsài, bù zhǐshì kào shílì, yě kào **yùnqi**. | + | |
| - | * English: He was able to win the competition not just based on strength, but also on **luck**. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: This demonstrates the cultural view that success is a combination of both skill (`实力 shílì`) and luck (`运气`). | + | |
| - | * **Example 5:** | + | |
| - | * 我们去买张彩票试试**运气**吧。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Wǒmen qù mǎi zhāng cǎipiào shìshi **yùnqi** ba. | + | |
| - | * English: Let's go buy a lottery ticket and try our **luck**. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: The phrase `试试运气 (shìshi yùnqi)` means "to try one's luck." It's used for activities involving chance. | + | |
| - | * **Example 6:** | + | |
| - | * 看来我的好**运气**都用完了。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Kànlái wǒ de hǎo **yùnqi** dōu yòng wán le. | + | |
| - | * English: It seems I've used up all my good **luck**. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: This treats luck as a finite resource that can be "used up" (`用完 yòng wán`), a common and humorous way to talk about a sudden turn for the worse. | + | |
| - | * **Example 7:** | + | |
| - | * 能不能升职，一半看能力，一半看**运气**。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Néng bu néng shēngzhí, yībàn kàn nénglì, yībàn kàn **yùnqi**. | + | |
| - | * English: Whether or not you can get a promotion is half about ability and half about **luck**. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: A pragmatic view often expressed in professional contexts, acknowledging that factors beyond one's control play a significant role. | + | |
| - | * **Example 8:** | + | |
| - | * 我的**运气**真是差到家了，手机和钱包一天之内都丢了。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Wǒ de **yùnqi** zhēnshi chà dào jiā le, shǒujī hé qiánbāo yī tiān zhīnèi dōu diū le. | + | |
| - | * English: My **luck** is the absolute worst (lit: bad to the extreme), I lost both my phone and my wallet in one day. | + | |
| - | * Analysis: The phrase `差到家了 (chà dào jiā le)` is a strong colloquial idiom meaning " | + | |
| - | * **Example 9:** | + | |
| - | * A: 你怎么找到这么好的公寓的？ B: 纯属**运气**！ | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: A: Nǐ zěnme zhǎodào zhème hǎo de gōngyù de? B: Chúnshǔ **yùnqi**! | + | |
| - | * English: A: How did you find such a great apartment? B: Pure **luck**! | + | |
| - | * Analysis: `纯属 (chúnshǔ)` means " | + | |
| - | * **Example 10:** | + | |
| - | * 别灰心，人的**运气**总有起有落。 | + | |
| - | * Pinyin: Bié huīxīn, rén de **yùnqi** zǒng yǒu qǐ yǒu luò. | + | |
| - | * English: Don't be discouraged, | + | |
| - | * Analysis: This comforting phrase uses `有起有落 (yǒu qǐ yǒu luò - to have rises and falls)` to describe the fluctuating nature of luck, encouraging resilience. | + | |
| - | ===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== | + | |
| - | * **Mistake: Using 运气 as a verb.** English speakers might say "I lucked out," but **运气** is strictly a noun. You cannot " | + | |
| - | * **Incorrect: | + | |
| - | * **Correct: | + | |
| - | * **False Friend: " | + | |
| - | * **Forgetting to specify Good or Bad.** Using **运气** alone can sometimes be ambiguous. While the context often makes it clear, learners should get in the habit of specifying the type of luck. Instead of saying `他有运气 (tā yǒu yùnqi)`, which is a bit unnatural, it's better to say `他运气很好 (tā yùnqi hěn hǎo)` or `他运气很差 (tā yùnqi hěn chà)`. | + | |
| - | ===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== | + | |
| - | * [[命运]] (mìngyùn) - Fate, destiny. The grand, overarching path of one's life. **运气** refers to the short-term ups and downs along that path. | + | |
| - | * [[幸运]] (xìngyùn) - Fortunate, lucky (adjective or noun). Describes the state of having good luck. More formal than `运气好`. `他是一个幸运的人。(Tā shì yí ge xìngyùn de rén.)` - He is a lucky person. | + | |
| - | * [[走运]] (zǒuyùn) - To have good luck (verb-object phrase). Literally "to walk in luck." It's an active way to say you're currently in a lucky streak. | + | |
| - | * [[倒霉]] (dǎoméi) - To be unlucky, to have bad luck (adjective/ | + | |
| - | * [[手气]] (shǒuqì) - Luck specifically related to games involving the hands, like cards, mahjong, or dice. Literally "hand energy." | + | |
| - | * [[福气]] (fúqi) - Good fortune, blessings. This type of luck is deeper and more holistic than **运气**. It relates to long-term happiness, a good family, health, and prosperity. It has a much warmer, more cherished connotation. | + | |
| - | * [[机会]] (jīhuì) - Opportunity, | + | |