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进 [2025/08/13 21:32] – created xiaoer进 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== jìn: 进 - to enter, advance, go in ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** jìn, 进, enter Chinese, go in Chinese, come in Chinese, advance Chinese, make progress in Chinese, how to use jin, 进来, 进去, 进步, Chinese verb for enter, HSK 1 +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the essential Chinese verb **进 (jìn)**, a fundamental character you'll encounter daily. Meaning "to enter," "to advance," or "to come/go in," **进 (jìn)** is not just about walking through a door; it's a core concept related to making progress, scoring goals, and importing goods. This guide breaks down its simple structure, cultural importance, and crucial directional usage (**进来** vs. **进去**), providing practical examples to help you master this key HSK 1 character. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** jìn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb, Directional Complement +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 1 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To move from outside to inside; to enter; to advance or move forward. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **进 (jìn)** is one of the most basic verbs of motion in Chinese. At its heart, it signifies crossing a threshold—whether it's a physical doorway, the start of a new phase in life, or progress in your studies. Think of it as any action that involves moving "forward" and "inward." +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **进 (jìn)** is a phono-semantic compound character, making it easy to remember. +
-  * **辶 (chuò):** This is the "walking" or "motion" radical. It's found in many characters related to movement, like 送 (sòng - to send) and 远 (yuǎn - far). It immediately tells you this character has something to do with action or travel. +
-  * **井 (jǐng):** This character means "a well." In **进**, it primarily provides the phonetic sound. However, you can use a mnemonic: picture someone **walking (辶)** forward to get to a **well (井)** and go //into// its vicinity. +
-  * Together, the motion radical **(辶)** plus the phonetic component **(井)** create the concept of advancing or entering. The traditional form is **進**, which more clearly shows the evolution, but the simplified form **进** is used in mainland China. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * In Chinese culture, **进 (jìn)** carries a deeply positive and aspirational weight beyond just physical entry. It's intrinsically linked to the societal value of progress and self-improvement. The word for "progress" itself is **进步 (jìnbù)**, literally "to advance a step." This concept is drilled into children from a young age: you must **进步** in your studies to **进 (jìn)** a good university, which allows you to **进 (jìn)** a good company. +
-  * Compare this to the English word "enter." We "enter" a room, and it's a neutral action. We can also "enter a competition," which is more significant. In Chinese, however, the "advancement" aspect of **进 (jìn)** is much more prominent in daily thought. The opposite, **退 (tuì)**—to retreat or move backward, as in **退步 (tuìbù)**—carries a strong negative connotation of failure or regression. This forward-marching mentality encapsulated by **进 (jìn)** is a cornerstone of modern Chinese ambition. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **As a simple verb "to enter":** Used in commands and simple statements. +
-    * `请进！ (Qǐng jìn!)` - Please come in! +
-    * `他进办公室了。(Tā jìn bàngōngshì le.)` - He entered the office. +
-  * **With Directional Complements (Crucial!):** This is the most common usage. The direction depends on the speaker's location. +
-    * **进来 (jìnlái):** To **come** in (movement towards the speaker). Use this when you are inside and inviting someone in. +
-    * **进去 (jìnqù):** To **go** in (movement away from the speaker). Use this when you are outside and telling someone to go into a building. +
-  * **To Indicate Progress or Advancement:** +
-    * **进步 (jìnbù):** To make progress. `你的中文进步很快！(Nǐ de Zhōngwén jìnbù hěn kuài!)` - Your Chinese is progressing very quickly! +
-  * **In Specific Contexts:** +
-    * **Sports:** **进球 (jìnqiú)** - To score a goal. +
-    * **Business:** **进口 (jìnkǒu)** - To import. +
-    * **Technology:** **输入 (shūrù)** - To input (here, a related character 入 is used, but the concept is similar). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * (At the door of your apartment, you see a friend) +
-    * 你好！请**进**！ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ hǎo! Qǐng **jìn**! +
-    * English: Hello! Please come in! +
-    * Analysis: This is the most common and polite way to invite someone into a space where you are. **进** is used by itself as a simple, direct command. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * (You are inside your room, and your mom is at the door) +
-    * 妈妈，你**进来**一下，我有事跟你说。 +
-    * Pinyin: Māma, nǐ **jìnlái** yíxià, wǒ yǒu shì gēn nǐ shuō. +
-    * English: Mom, come in for a moment, I have something to tell you. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **进来 (jìnlái)** is used because the speaker is inside the room, and the mom's movement is *towards* the speaker. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * (You and a friend are outside a bookstore) +
-    * 这家书店看起来不错，我们**进去**看看吧。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā shūdiàn kànqǐlái búcuò, wǒmen **jìnqù** kànkan ba. +
-    * English: This bookstore looks pretty good, let's go in and have a look. +
-    * Analysis: **进去 (jìnqù)** must be used here because both speakers are *outside* the bookstore. Their movement is *away* from their current position and into the store. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 你的中文**进步**很大，说得越来越流利了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ de Zhōngwén **jìnbù** hěn dà, shuō de yuèláiyuè liúlì le. +
-    * English: Your Chinese has made great progress, you're speaking more and more fluently. +
-    * Analysis: **进步 (jìnbù)** is a set phrase meaning "to make progress." It's extremely common when talking about skills, studies, or personal development. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 上课了，同学们快**进**教室吧！ +
-    * Pinyin: Shàngkè le, tóngxuémen kuài **jìn** jiàoshì ba! +
-    * English: Class is starting, students, hurry and get into the classroom! +
-    * Analysis: In this context, the speaker (a teacher) could be inside or outside the classroom. Using just **进 (jìn)** followed by the location (教室) is a clear and effective instruction. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 中国每年从巴西**进口**很多大豆。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhōngguó měi nián cóng Bāxī **jìnkǒu** hěn duō dàdòu. +
-    * English: China imports a lot of soybeans from Brazil every year. +
-    * Analysis: **进口 (jìnkǒu)** is a specific economic term meaning "to import." The "mouth" or "port" (口) is where goods "enter" (进) the country. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 比赛最后一分钟，他**进**了一个球！ +
-    * Pinyin: Bǐsài zuìhòu yì fēnzhōng, tā **jìn** le yí ge qiú! +
-    * English: In the last minute of the match, he scored a goal! +
-    * Analysis: **进球 (jìnqiú)** is the set phrase for scoring a goal in sports like soccer or basketball. You can also say **进了一个球 (jìn le yí ge qiú)**. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 开会的时候，手机要关机，不要让电话**进**来。 +
-    * Pinyin: Kāihuì de shíhou, shǒujī yào guānjī, bú yào ràng diànhuà **jìn**lai. +
-    * English: During a meeting, your phone should be turned off; don't let calls come in. +
-    * Analysis: This is a more abstract use of **进来 (jìnlái)**. The "call" is metaphorically entering the space of the meeting. The direction is **来 (lái)** because the call is coming *towards* the people in the meeting. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 他努力学习，就是为了能**进**一所好大学。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā nǔlì xuéxí, jiùshì wèile néng **jìn** yì suǒ hǎo dàxué. +
-    * English: He studies hard just so he can get into a good university. +
-    * Analysis: This demonstrates the aspirational use of **进**. It means "to be accepted into" or "to successfully enter" an institution. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 下雨了，水都**进**到我的鞋里了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Xiàyǔ le, shuǐ dōu **jìn**dào wǒ de xié lǐ le. +
-    * English: It rained, and water got into my shoes. +
-    * Analysis: The pattern **进到 (jìndào)...里 (lǐ)** means "to get into..." or "to enter into..." It clearly shows movement from outside to inside an object. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **The Golden Rule: 进来 (jìnlái) vs. 进去 (jìnqù)** +
-    * This is the #1 mistake learners make. It's entirely dependent on the speaker's location. +
-    * **Use 进来 (jìnlái - come in)** when you are INSIDE the destination. The action moves **towards** you. +
-      * **Correct:** 我在家，你**进来**吧！(Wǒ zài jiā, nǐ jìnlái ba!) - I'm at home, come on in! +
-      * **Incorrect:** 我在家，你进去吧！(This sounds like you're a ghost watching from outside your own home). +
-    * **Use 进去 (jìnqù - go in)** when you are OUTSIDE the destination. The action moves **away** from you. +
-      * **Correct:** 我在门外，你先进**去**吧。(Wǒ zài mén wài, nǐ xiān jìnqù ba.) - I'm outside the door, you go in first. +
-      * **Incorrect:** 我在门外，你先**进来**吧。(This is illogical; they can't come towards you if you're both outside). +
-  * **进 (jìn) vs. 入 (rù)** +
-    * **进 (jìn)** is the common, everyday word for "enter." It's used in spoken language constantly. +
-    * **入 (rù)** is more formal and literary. You won't hear people say "请入!" (qǐng rù). Instead, **入 (rù)** is found in compound words and formal contexts, like **入口 (rùkǒu)** - entrance, **入学 (rùxué)** - to enroll in school, or **收入 (shōurù)** - income. For beginners, stick to **进 (jìn)** for the active verb "to enter." +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[进来]] (jìnlái)** - To come in. Emphasizes movement towards the speaker. +
-  * **[[进去]] (jìnqù)** - To go in. Emphasizes movement away from the speaker. +
-  * **[[进步]] (jìnbù)** - To make progress. A core concept built from **进**. +
-  * **[[出]] (chū)** - The direct antonym of **进**. It means "to exit" or "to go out." (e.g., **出来 chūlái** vs. **出去 chūqù**). +
-  * **[[退]] (tuì)** - The direct antonym of the "advance" meaning. It means "to retreat" or "move back." (e.g., **退步 tuìbù** - to regress). +
-  * **[[进入]] (jìnrù)** - A more formal way to say "to enter." Often used in writing or for abstract concepts (e.g., 进入新时代 - to enter a new era). +
-  * **[[前进]] (qiánjìn)** - To advance, to move forward. Used for armies, vehicles, or metaphorically for progress. +
-  * **[[进口]] (jìnkǒu)** - To import; an entrance (less common). The antonym is **出口 (chūkǒu)**, to export. +
-  * **[[入门]] (rùmén)** - Literally "to enter a door." It means "entry-level" or "to get started" with a new skill (e.g., 汉语入门 - Introductory Chinese). Note the use of the formal **入 (rù)**.+