集体

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集体 [2025/08/10 06:18] – created xiaoer集体 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== jítǐ: 集体 - Collective, Group, Team ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** jiti, jítǐ, 集体, Chinese collectivism, what does jiti mean, collective in Chinese, group in Chinese, team in Chinese, Chinese group culture, jiti zhuyi, 集体主义 +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the deep meaning of **集体 (jítǐ)**, a fundamental concept in Chinese culture that goes beyond a simple "group" or "team." This page explores how **jítǐ** represents a "collective," shaping everything from workplace dynamics to social relationships in China. Learn why understanding **jítǐ** is key to grasping the cultural value of collectivism and how it contrasts with Western individualism. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** jítǐ +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun, Adjective +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A group of people organized for a common purpose, viewed as a single entity; a collective. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **集体 (jítǐ)** is more than just a bunch of people. It refers to a group with a shared identity, purpose, and sense of responsibility, like a school class, a company department, or an entire organization. In Chinese culture, the goals and honor of the **集体** often take precedence over the desires of the individual. It's the "we" that frequently comes before the "I." +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **集 (jí):** This character means "to gather" or "to assemble." It's a pictograph of a bird (隹) on a tree (木), evoking the image of many birds gathering together in one place. +
-  * **体 (tǐ):** This character means "body," "form," or "entity." The radical on the left is 人 (rén), meaning person. +
-  * Together, **集体 (jítǐ)** literally translates to a "gathered body." This perfectly captures the idea of individuals coming together to form a single, cohesive unit that can think and act as one. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-The concept of **集体 (jítǐ)** is a cornerstone of Chinese society and is deeply rooted in the philosophy of **[[集体主义]] (jítǐ zhǔyì) - collectivism**. This worldview prioritizes the harmony, well-being, and goals of the group over the ambitions and achievements of any single person within it. +
-In Western, particularly American, culture, individualism is often celebrated. Success is frequently framed around personal achievement, being a "self-made" person, or standing out from the crowd. A "team" is often seen as a collection of high-performing individuals assembled to win. +
-In contrast, a **集体** emphasizes cohesion, conformity, and shared fate. The success of one member is a reflection of the entire group's strength, and the failure of one can bring shame to all. This is captured in the common phrase **集体荣誉 (jítǐ róngyù) - collective honor**. For example, if a student wins a national competition, they bring honor not just to themselves, but to their entire class, school, and even their hometown—their various **集体**. This fosters a powerful sense of belonging and mutual responsibility that is different from the Western concept of "teamwork." +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-While its roots are deep, **集体** is a very common and practical word used daily in modern China. +
-  * **At Work and School:** This is where you'll hear **集体** most often. Companies and schools are seen as collectives. Common phrases include: +
-    * **集体活动 (jítǐ huódòng):** group activity (e.g., team-building, a company trip) +
-    * **集体照 (jítǐ zhào):** group photo +
-    * **集体讨论 (jítǐ tǎolùn):** group discussion +
-  * **Social and Formal Contexts:** The term lends a sense of formality and organization. A decision made by a group is a **集体决定 (jítǐ juédìng)**, giving it more weight than an individual's choice. +
-  * **Connotation:** The word is overwhelmingly neutral to positive. It implies unity, cooperation, and shared purpose. A negative connotation is rare but could arise if it's used to describe excessive pressure to conform or a loss of individuality ("groupthink"). +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 公司下个月要组织一次**集体**旅游。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gōngsī xià ge yuè yào zǔzhī yī cì **jítǐ** lǚyóu. +
-    * English: The company is going to organize a group trip next month. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **集体** is used as an adjective modifying "trip" (旅游). It emphasizes that this is an official, company-wide event for everyone, not just a casual outing for a few colleagues. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 老师，我们什么时候拍**集体**照？ +
-    * Pinyin: Lǎoshī, wǒmen shénme shíhòu pāi **jítǐ** zhào? +
-    * English: Teacher, when are we going to take the class photo? +
-    * Analysis: **集体照** is a set phrase for a group photo, especially in a formal context like a school class or a company. The **集体** refers to the class as a single unit. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 在做重要决定时，我们必须考虑**集体**的利益。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài zuò zhòngyào juédìng shí, wǒmen bìxū kǎolǜ **jítǐ** de lìyì. +
-    * English: When making important decisions, we must consider the interests of the collective. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence perfectly illustrates the cultural value. **集体利益 (jítǐ lìyì)**, or collective interest, is being explicitly prioritized over individual interests. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这个奖项属于我们整个**集体**，不是我一个人的功劳。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège jiǎngxiàng shǔyú wǒmen zhěnggè **jítǐ**, bùshì wǒ yīgè rén de gōngláo. +
-    * English: This award belongs to our entire group, it's not my achievement alone. +
-    * Analysis: This is a very common and humble way to accept praise in Chinese culture. It deflects individual credit and attributes success to the **集体**, showing modesty and respect for the group. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 刚上大学时，我不太习惯**集体**生活。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gāng shàng dàxué shí, wǒ bù tài xíguàn **jítǐ** shēnghuó. +
-    * English: When I first started university, I wasn't very used to dormitory/collective life. +
-    * Analysis: **集体生活 (jítǐ shēnghuó)** refers to living together in a shared space like a dorm or barracks. It implies shared schedules, facilities, and rules, highlighting the "collective" nature of the living arrangement. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 这个问题需要经过**集体**讨论才能决定。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège wèntí xūyào jīngguò **jítǐ** tǎolùn cáinéng juédìng. +
-    * English: This issue needs to be decided through a group discussion. +
-    * Analysis: Using **集体** here implies a formal, democratic process where all members of the relevant group have a say. It gives the final decision more authority. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 强大的**集体**荣誉感让他们赢得了比赛。 +
-    * Pinyin: Qiángdà de **jítǐ** róngyù gǎn ràng tāmen yíngdéle bǐsài. +
-    * English: A strong sense of collective honor allowed them to win the competition. +
-    * Analysis: **集体荣誉感 (jítǐ róngyù gǎn)** is a key concept. It's the feeling of pride and honor derived from being part of a group. This is often seen as a powerful motivator. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 他因为个人主义太强，很难融入这个**集体**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā yīnwèi gèrén zhǔyì tài qiáng, hěn nán róngrù zhège **jítǐ**. +
-    * English: Because his individualism is too strong, it's hard for him to integrate into this group. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence highlights the potential conflict between individualism and the collective, a common challenge in cross-cultural environments. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 在我们公司，**集体**的智慧总是大于个人的智慧。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zài wǒmen gōngsī, **jítǐ** de zhìhuì zǒng shì dàyú gèrén de zhìhuì. +
-    * English: In our company, the wisdom of the collective is always greater than the wisdom of an individual. +
-    * Analysis: This expresses a core belief of collectivism—that the group's combined knowledge and perspective ("collective wisdom") leads to better outcomes. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 这次失败是**集体**的责任，我们不应该指责任何人。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì shībài shì **jítǐ** de zérèn, wǒmen bù yīnggāi zhǐzé rènhé rén. +
-    * English: This failure is the collective's responsibility; we shouldn't blame any single person. +
-    * Analysis: Just as success is shared, so is failure. This shows how the **集体** absorbs responsibility, protecting individuals from direct blame in order to maintain group harmony. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **"集体" vs. "Group":** A common mistake for English speakers is to use **集体** for any group of people. You would not call a few friends you're meeting for coffee a **集体**. **集体** implies a formal structure, a shared identity, and a common purpose (e.g., a company, a class, a tour group). For a casual group, you would use words like **一帮朋友 (yì bāng péngyǒu)** or simply **我们 (wǒmen)**. +
-    * **Incorrect:** 我们这个**集体**去看电影吧。(Wǒmen zhège jítǐ qù kàn diànyǐng ba.) - Sounds overly formal and strange. +
-    * **Correct:** 我们一起去看电影吧。(Wǒmen yīqǐ qù kàn diànyǐng ba.) - "Let's go see a movie together." +
-  * **"集体" vs. "团队 (tuánduì)":** This is a key nuance. +
-    * **集体 (jítǐ)** is broader and more traditional. It can refer to an entire company or a school class. It has a stronger sense of "belonging" and social identity. +
-    * **[[团队]] (tuánduì)** means "team" and is more modern, often used in business. It emphasizes a smaller group working together on a specific task or project with a clear goal. A project team is a **团队**, but the whole company is a **集体**. All **团队** are part of a **集体**, but not every **集体** is a **团队**. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * **[[集体主义]] (jítǐ zhǔyì)** - Collectivism. The philosophical and cultural ideology that underpins the importance of the **集体**. +
-  * **[[团队]] (tuánduì)** - Team. A more modern and specific term, often used for project teams in a business context. +
-  * **[[单位]] (dānwèi)** - Work Unit. A classic example of a **集体** from the socialist era, this term is still used to refer to one's workplace as a social and administrative entity. +
-  * **[[个人主义]] (gèrén zhǔyì)** - Individualism. The direct cultural and philosophical antonym to collectivism. +
-  * **[[组织]] (zǔzhī)** - Organization/To organize. A close synonym, but **组织** focuses more on the structure and act of organizing, while **集体** focuses on the group's identity. +
-  * **[[荣誉]] (róngyù)** - Honor. A concept often tied to the group, as in **集体荣誉 (jítǐ róngyù)**. +
-  * **[[社会]] (shèhuì)** - Society. The largest and most abstract type of collective. +
-  * **[[班]] (bān)** - Class. A school class is a primary example of a **集体** for young people in China.+