专家

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专家 [2025/08/04 19:56] – created xiaoer专家 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== zhuānjiā: 专家 - Expert, Specialist ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 专家, zhuanjia, expert in Chinese, specialist in Chinese, Chinese expert, Chinese word for expert, meaning of zhuanjia, how to say expert in Chinese, professional, authority, scholar in Chinese. +
-  * **Summary:** The Chinese word **专家 (zhuānjiā)** translates to "expert" or "specialist." It refers to a person with deep, authoritative knowledge and skill in a specific field, such as medicine, finance, or science. This term is used formally to denote a high level of professional achievement and is a title of respect in Chinese culture, which values knowledge and mastery. Understanding `专家` is key to navigating professional and academic contexts in China. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** zhuānjiā +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** An expert or a specialist in a particular field. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** `专家` is the standard, respectful term for an "expert." Think of the person you'd consult for a serious problem—a medical specialist, a financial advisor, or a leading scientist. The word combines "specialized" and "master," creating a clear image of someone who has dedicated their life to mastering a specific domain. It carries a sense of authority, credibility, and deep knowledge. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **专 (zhuān):** This character means "specialized," "focused," or "concentrated." It's the same character found in `专业 (zhuānyè)`, which means "major" or "specialty." It implies a narrow and deep focus. +
-  * **家 (jiā):** While its primary meaning is "family" or "home," in this context, it functions as a suffix for a person who is a master of a certain craft or field of study. Think of `科学家 (kēxuéjiā)` for "scientist" or `艺术家 (yìshùjiā)` for "artist." It elevates the person to the level of a master practitioner. +
-  * Together, **专 (zhuān) + 家 (jiā)** literally means a "specialized master," perfectly capturing the concept of an expert. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-  * In traditional Chinese culture, influenced by Confucianism, scholars and knowledgeable individuals have always been held in high esteem. The `专家` is the modern inheritor of this respect. Their opinions are often given significant weight in discussions, media, and policy-making. This can be more pronounced than in some Western cultures where challenging expert opinions is more commonplace. +
-  * **Comparison to "Expert":** While the meaning is nearly identical to the English "expert," the cultural weight can be heavier. An `专家` is often seen not just as knowledgeable, but as an authority figure. This is changing with the internet, however. +
-  * **The "Brick Expert" - 砖家 (zhuānjiā):** In recent years, a cynical internet slang term has emerged: **砖家 (zhuānjiā)**. It's a pun that replaces the character for "specialist" (专) with the one for "brick" (砖), which have the same pinyin. It's used to mock so-called experts who are perceived as being out-of-touch, corrupt, or offering foolish advice. This reflects a growing public skepticism towards established authority in modern China. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-  * **Formal and Professional Settings:** This is the most common context. You will see it in news reports, academic papers, and professional titles. For example, `医学专家 (yīxué zhuānjiā)` is a "medical expert," and `经济专家 (jīngjì zhuānjiā)` is an "economic expert." +
-  * **Everyday Conversation:** It can be used to praise someone's high skill level, sometimes sincerely and sometimes with a hint of flattery or humor. For example, if your friend is amazing at fixing computers, you might say, "You're a real expert!" (`你真是个专家！`). +
-  * **Connotation:** The term is overwhelmingly positive and respectful. The only negative usage is the intentional, sarcastic pun `砖家 (zhuānjiā)`. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 我们需要请一位**专家**来评估这个项目。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xūyào qǐng yí wèi **zhuānjiā** lái pínggū zhège xiàngmù. +
-    * English: We need to invite an expert to evaluate this project. +
-    * Analysis: This is a classic, formal business context. `请 (qǐng)` means "to invite" and shows respect. The measure word `位 (wèi)` is also used for respected people. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 张教授是公认的语言学**专家**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhāng jiàoshòu shì gōngrèn de yǔyánxué **zhuānjiā**. +
-    * English: Professor Zhang is a recognized expert in linguistics. +
-    * Analysis: Here, `专家` is used to define someone's professional status. `公认的 (gōngrèn de)` means "publicly recognized," adding to the authority. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 如果你不舒服，应该去看**专家**门诊。 +
-    * Pinyin: Rúguǒ nǐ bù shūfu, yīnggāi qù kàn **zhuānjiā** ménzhěn. +
-    * English: If you're not feeling well, you should go to the specialist clinic. +
-    * Analysis: In a medical context, `专家门诊 (zhuānjiā ménzhěn)` refers to a consultation with a specialist, as opposed to a general practitioner. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 别担心，修电脑这方面我可是**专家**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Bié dānxīn, xiū diànnǎo zhè fāngmiàn wǒ kěshì **zhuānjiā**. +
-    * English: Don't worry, when it comes to fixing computers, I'm an expert. +
-    * Analysis: This is an informal, confident, and slightly boastful use of the term. The `可是 (kěshì)` adds emphasis. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 很多所谓的“**专家**”建议并不可靠。 +
-    * Pinyin: Hěn duō suǒwèi de "**zhuānjiā**" jiànyì bìng bù kěkào. +
-    * English: The advice from many so-called "experts" is not reliable at all. +
-    * Analysis: The use of `所谓的 (suǒwèi de)` or quotation marks casts doubt on the legitimacy of the "experts," similar to the "brick expert" idea. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 他是研究中国古代史的**专家**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā shì yánjiū Zhōngguó gǔdài shǐ de **zhuānjiā**. +
-    * English: He is an expert in ancient Chinese history. +
-    * Analysis: A straightforward description of someone's academic specialization. `研究 (yánjiū)` means "to research." +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 这篇文章引用了多位气候变化**专家**的观点。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè piān wénzhāng yǐnyòngle duō wèi qìhòu biànhuà **zhuānjiā** de guāndiǎn. +
-    * English: This article cited the views of several climate change experts. +
-    * Analysis: A typical use in media or academic writing to lend credibility to an argument. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 你才是**专家**，这件事你来决定吧！ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ cái shì **zhuānjiā**, zhè jiàn shì nǐ lái juédìng ba! +
-    * English: You're the real expert, you decide on this matter! +
-    * Analysis: A common way to defer to someone with more knowledge or experience, showing respect and trust in their judgment. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 作为一名财务**专家**，她建议我们现在投资。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zuòwéi yī míng cáiwù **zhuānjiā**, tā jiànyì wǒmen xiànzài tóuzī. +
-    * English: As a financial expert, she advises us to invest now. +
-    * Analysis: `作为 (zuòwéi)` means "as a...", introducing someone's role or capacity before they give advice or an opinion. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 有些人说他是“**砖家**”，不是“**专家**”。 +
-    * Pinyin: Yǒuxiē rén shuō tā shì "**zhuānjiā**," búshì "**zhuānjiā**." +
-    * English: Some people say he is a "brick-spert," not an expert. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence directly uses the pun. The context makes it clear the first `zhuānjiā` is the derogatory `砖家`, and the second is the legitimate `专家`. This is something you'd see in online discussions. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **专家 (zhuānjiā) vs. 高手 (gāoshǒu):** A common mistake is using `专家` for hobbies or informal skills. While you can, it can sound overly formal. For skills like playing video games, cooking, or sports, the term `高手 (gāoshǒu)`, meaning "master" or "pro," is often more natural. `专家` is best reserved for professional, academic, or highly technical fields. +
-    * //Correct:// 他玩游戏是个**高手**。(Tā wán yóuxì shì ge gāoshǒu.) - He's a pro at playing games. +
-    * //Awkward:// 他是游戏**专家**。(Tā shì yóuxì zhuānjiā.) - Sounds too formal, as if he professionally studies games for a living. +
-  * **专家 (zhuānjiā) vs. 老师 (lǎoshī):** A `老师 (lǎoshī)` is a teacher. While a professor who is an expert can be called `老师` by their students, not every teacher is an `专家`. `老师` is a term of address and a profession, while `专家` denotes a level of mastery. You wouldn't call your primary school teacher a `数学专家` (mathematics expert) unless they were also a famous mathematician. +
-  * **Don't Misunderstand the Pun:** If you see `砖家` online, remember it's an insult. It means the person is a "brick-head," someone who is rigid and offers useless, heavy-handed advice. It is not a typo. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[学者]] (xuézhě) - Scholar. Refers specifically to an academic or researcher, often in the humanities or social sciences. More focused on theory than practice. +
-  * [[教授]] (jiàoshòu) - Professor. This is a specific job title within a university. Most professors are experts in their field. +
-  * [[高手]] (gāoshǒu) - Master, pro, ace. An informal term for someone highly skilled, often in a practical craft, sport, or hobby. +
-  * [[权威]] (quánwēi) - Authority, an authoritative figure. An `专家` whose word is considered definitive and highly influential. +
-  * [[专业]] (zhuānyè) - Major (in school), specialty, profession. This is the //field// that an `专家` specializes in. +
-  * [[内行]] (nèiháng) - An insider, an expert. Someone "in the know" about a particular trade or area. It's the opposite of a layman. +
-  * [[外行]] (wàiháng) - A layman, an amateur. The opposite of `内行`. Someone who is not an expert in a field. +
-  * [[砖家]] (zhuānjiā) - "Brick expert" (pun). A derogatory slang term for a pseudo-expert giving impractical advice.+