乘客

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乘客 [2025/08/13 19:32] – created xiaoer乘客 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== chéngkè: 乘客 - Passenger ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** chengke, 乘客, Chinese for passenger, passenger in Chinese, traveler in China, take a bus in China, ride a train, airplane passenger, taxi passenger, Chinese transportation vocabulary, HSK 3 words. +
-  * **Summary:** Learn the essential Chinese word **乘客 (chéngkè)**, which means **passenger**. This page breaks down its meaning, cultural context in China's massive transportation system, and practical use. Whether you're a passenger on a bus, train, taxi, or plane in China, understanding **乘客** is key to navigating daily life and travel. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** chéngkè +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 3 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** A person who is traveling in a vehicle but is not the driver, pilot, or a member of the crew. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **乘客 (chéngkè)** is the standard, universal term for "passenger." It's a neutral and functional word you'll encounter everywhere, from subway announcements and taxi rides to buying high-speed rail tickets. It simply describes the role of someone who is being transported. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **乘 (chéng):** This character's primary meaning here is "to ride" or "to travel by means of" a vehicle. Pictorially, you can imagine it as a person (the top part) being carried by a structure or vehicle (the bottom part resembling wood 木). +
-  * **客 (kè):** This character means "guest," "visitor," or "customer." The image is of a person (人) arriving at a place under a roof (宀), signifying they are a visitor or guest being received. +
-  * When combined, **乘客 (chéngkè)** literally translates to "ride guest." This beautifully captures the concept: a guest who is riding in a vehicle, being served by the transport service. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-While "passenger" is a straightforward concept, its cultural significance in China is tied to the country's immense scale and emphasis on public infrastructure. +
-In China, being a **乘客 (chéngkè)** is often a shared, collective experience rather than a purely individual one, especially compared to the car-centric culture in much of the West. Millions of people use subways, buses, and trains daily, creating a unique social space governed by specific etiquette. You will often see posters and hear announcements promoting the concept of being a **“文明乘客” (wénmíng chéngkè)**, or a "civilized passenger." This involves behaviors like offering your seat to the elderly or pregnant, not eating on the subway, and queuing in an orderly fashion. +
-This contrasts with the Western experience where "passenger" can often feel more isolated (e.g., a passenger in a friend's car). In China, the identity of **乘客** is deeply intertwined with the smooth functioning of a massive, modern, and often crowded public society. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**乘客 (chéngkè)** is used in both formal and informal contexts across all modes of transportation. +
-  * **In Formal Announcements:** You will constantly hear this term in airports, train stations, and on subways. For example: “请各位**乘客**带好您的随身物品。” (Qǐng gèwèi **chéngkè** dàihǎo nín de suíshēn wùpǐn. - "Will all passengers please take your belongings with you.") +
-  * **In News and Official Reports:** The term is used to quantify the massive flow of people, especially during holidays like the Spring Festival travel rush (春运 chūnyùn). For example: “今年春运铁路**乘客**数量再创新高。” (Jīnnián chūnyùn tiělù **chéngkè** shùliàng zài chuàng xīngāo. - "The number of railway passengers during this year's Spring Festival travel rush has once again hit a new high.") +
-  * **In Everyday Conversation:** While you might describe the action with "坐车 (zuò chē)", the noun for the person is still **乘客**. For example, a taxi driver might say: “我下一位**乘客**已经预约了。” (Wǒ xià yí wèi **chéngkè** yǐjīng yùyuē le. - "My next passenger has already made a reservation.") +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 各位**乘客**，我们即将到达上海虹桥站。 +
-    * Pinyin: Gèwèi **chéngkè**, wǒmen jíjiāng dàodá Shànghǎi Hóngqiáo zhàn. +
-    * English: Ladies and gentlemen (lit., "all passengers"), we are about to arrive at Shanghai Hongqiao Station. +
-    * Analysis: This is a classic, formal announcement you'd hear on a high-speed train in China. **各位 (gèwèi)** is a polite measure word for people used in formal address. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 司机，请问这辆公交车上还有很多**乘客**吗？ +
-    * Pinyin: Sījī, qǐngwèn zhè liàng gōngjiāochē shàng háiyǒu hěn duō **chéngkè** ma? +
-    * English: Driver, excuse me, are there still a lot of passengers on this bus? +
-    * Analysis: A practical question you might ask a bus driver. It shows the direct use of **乘客** in a daily conversational context. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 作为一名合格的**乘客**，我们不应该在车厢里大声喧哗。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zuòwéi yī míng hégé de **chéngkè**, wǒmen bù yīnggāi zài chēxiāng lǐ dàshēng xuānhuá. +
-    * English: As a good (lit., "qualified") passenger, we shouldn't be loud in the carriage. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence reflects the cultural concept of the "civilized passenger" (文明乘客) and social responsibility. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 这架飞机可以搭载三百名**乘客**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jià fēijī kěyǐ dāzài sānbǎi míng **chéngkè**. +
-    * English: This airplane can carry 300 passengers. +
-    * Analysis: **搭载 (dāzài)** means "to carry" (in terms of transport capacity). **名 (míng)** is a common measure word for people in formal contexts. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * **乘客**的安全是我们的首要任务。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Chéngkè** de ānquán shì wǒmen de shǒuyào rènwù. +
-    * English: Passenger safety is our number one priority. +
-    * Analysis: A sentence you might see on a sign or hear from transport company staff. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 这辆出租车已经有**乘客**了，我们等下一辆吧。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè liàng chūzūchē yǐjīng yǒu **chéngkè** le, wǒmen děng xià yī liàng ba. +
-    * English: This taxi already has a passenger, let's wait for the next one. +
-    * Analysis: A common situation when trying to hail a cab. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 请**乘客**们系好安全带。 +
-    * Pinyin: Qǐng **chéngkè**men jìhǎo ānquán dài. +
-    * English: Will passengers please fasten your seatbelts. +
-    * Analysis: A direct and polite command used in planes, taxis, and buses. The pluralizing suffix **们 (men)** is added to **乘客**. +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 我不是司机，我只是个**乘客**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ bùshì sījī, wǒ zhǐshì ge **chéngkè**. +
-    * English: I'm not the driver, I'm just a passenger. +
-    * Analysis: A simple sentence that clearly distinguishes the role of driver (**司机 sījī**) from passenger. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 地铁里挤满了**乘客**，我几乎上不去。 +
-    * Pinyin: Dìtiě lǐ jǐmǎnle **chéngkè**, wǒ jīhū shàng bù qù. +
-    * English: The subway was packed with passengers, I could barely get on. +
-    * Analysis: This vividly describes the crowded experience of being a **乘客** during rush hour in a major Chinese city. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 无人驾驶汽车的**乘客**体验怎么样？ +
-    * Pinyin: Wúrén jiàshǐ qìchē de **chéngkè** tǐyàn zěnmeyàng? +
-    * English: What is the passenger experience like in a self-driving car? +
-    * Analysis: This shows the term being applied to modern and future technology. **体验 (tǐyàn)** means "(user) experience". +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The most common point of confusion for learners is distinguishing **乘客 (chéngkè)** from **旅客 (lǚkè)**. +
-  *   **乘客 (chéngkè) - Passenger:** This term focuses **only on the mode of transport**. You are a **乘客** while you are physically inside a bus, train, car, or plane. A daily commuter is a **乘客**, but not necessarily a **旅客**. +
-  *   **旅客 (lǚkè) - Traveler/Tourist:** This term focuses on **the purpose of the journey**. It implies traveling for leisure, business, or visiting places, usually over a longer distance. A person on vacation is a **旅客**. +
-**Rule of Thumb:** A **旅客 (lǚkè)** is almost always a **乘客 (chéngkè)** at some point during their trip. But a **乘客 (chéngkè)** on their daily 20-minute subway ride to work is not a **旅客 (lǚkè)**. +
-**Incorrect Usage:** +
-  *   **Wrong:** 我今天要去北京，我是一个**乘客**。 (Wǒ jīntiān yào qù Běijīng, wǒ shì yíge **chéngkè**.) +
-  *   **Why it's awkward:** While technically true (you will be a passenger on the train/plane), it sounds unnatural. The focus is on your trip to Beijing. +
-  *   **Correct:** 我今天要去北京，我是一个**旅客**。 (Wǒ jīntiān yào qù Běijīng, wǒ shì yíge **lǚkè**.) - "I'm going to Beijing today, I am a traveler." +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[旅客]] (lǚkè) - Traveler, tourist. Focuses on the journey's purpose, not just the transport. +
-  * [[司机]] (sījī) - Driver. The person in control of the vehicle; the functional opposite of a passenger. +
-  * [[乘务员]] (chéngwùyuán) - Conductor, flight attendant, crew member. Staff who serve the passengers. +
-  * [[坐车]] (zuò chē) - To ride in a vehicle. The verb that describes the action of a **乘客**. +
-  * [[交通工具]] (jiāotōng gōngjù) - Means of transport, vehicle. The general category of things that carry passengers. +
-  * [[打车]] (dǎ chē) - To hail a taxi. A common action a potential **乘客** performs. +
-  * [[检票]] (jiǎn piào) - To check tickets. An action performed by staff on passengers. +
-  * [[站台]] (zhàntái) - (Train) Platform. A place where passengers wait. +
-  * [[候车室]] (hòuchēshì) - Waiting room (for a bus or train). A place designed for waiting passengers. +
-  * [[文明]] (wénmíng) - Civilized, civilization. Often paired with **乘客** to promote good public behavior.+