估计

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估计 [2025/08/10 09:36] – created xiaoer估计 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== gūjì: 估计 - To Estimate, To Reckon, Probably ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** gūjì, 估计, estimate Chinese, guess Chinese, I reckon in Chinese, probably in Chinese, how to say estimate in Mandarin, Chinese for probably, gūjì meaning, gūjì usage, gūjì vs dàgài +
-  * **Summary:** Learn how to use the versatile Chinese word **估计 (gūjì)**, an essential term for everyday conversation. This page breaks down how **估计 (gūjì)** functions both as a verb, meaning "to estimate" a number or amount, and as a common adverb meaning "probably," "I guess," or "I reckon." Discover its cultural nuances, see practical example sentences, and understand how it differs from similar words like **大概 (dàgài)** and **猜 (cāi)**. Mastering **估计 (gūjì)** will make your Chinese sound more natural and authentic. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** gū jì +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Verb, Adverb +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** To estimate a value or to express that something is probable based on one's judgment. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **估计 (gūjì)** is your go-to word when you're not 100% certain but have a reasonable basis for your judgment. Think of it as the perfect blend of "to estimate," "I guess," "I reckon," and "probably." It's used for everything from guessing the cost of a meal to reckoning that it's about to rain. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **估 (gū):** This character is composed of the "person" radical (亻) on the left and 古 (gǔ), meaning "ancient," on the right. It suggests a person appraising or valuing something, perhaps based on established knowledge. Its core meaning is "to appraise" or "to estimate." +
-  * **计 (jì):** This character combines the "speech" radical (讠) with 十 (shí), the number "ten." It points to the act of planning or calculating, often involving words and numbers. Its core meaning is "to calculate" or "to plan." +
-Together, **估计 (gūjì)** literally means "to appraise and calculate," which perfectly captures its modern meaning of making a reasoned estimation or judgment. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese culture, expressing oneself with absolute certainty can sometimes be perceived as arrogant or too direct. **估计 (gūjì)** provides a softer, more humble way to state an opinion or a fact you believe to be true. It signals, "This is my judgment based on the information I have, but I acknowledge it might not be perfect." +
-This contrasts with Western communication, where stating something as a direct fact is more common. For example, where an American might say, "He's late because of traffic," a Chinese speaker might prefer, "我**估计**他是因为堵车迟到了" (Wǒ **gūjì** tā shì yīnwèi dǔchē chídào le) - "I **reckon** he's late because of traffic." This small linguistic habit reflects a broader cultural value of leaving room for error and maintaining social harmony. It's less about a lack of confidence and more about a nuanced, considered approach to communication. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-**估计 (gūjì)** is extremely common in daily life. Its usage splits into two main functions: +
-=== As a Verb (To Estimate) === +
-When used as a verb, **估计 (gūjì)** is followed by a quantity, cost, time, or other measurable amount. It means to make a calculated guess about a number. +
-  * **Formality:** Neutral. It's used in everyday conversation and in informal business contexts. +
-  * **Connotation:** Neutral. It simply implies an approximation. +
-=== As an Adverb (Probably / I Reckon) === +
-This is the most frequent use in conversation. Placed at the beginning of a sentence or clause, it indicates the speaker's personal judgment or guess about a situation. It's the equivalent of saying "I guess," "I figure," or "It looks like..." +
-  * **Formality:** Informal to neutral. Perfect for daily chats with friends, family, and colleagues. +
-  * **Connotation:** It shows you're thinking and making an inference, rather than stating a known fact. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** (As a verb: estimating cost) +
-    * 我**估计**这顿饭要三百块左右。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ **gūjì** zhè dùn fàn yào sānbǎi kuài zuǒyòu. +
-    * English: I estimate this meal will cost around 300 RMB. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **估计** acts as a verb meaning "to estimate." The speaker is making a calculated guess about the price. +
-  * **Example 2:** (As an adverb: guessing a situation) +
-    * 天阴了，我**估计**快要下雨了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tiān yīn le, wǒ **gūjì** kuài yào xià yǔ le. +
-    * English: The sky is overcast; I guess it's going to rain soon. +
-    * Analysis: **估计** is used as an adverb to express a personal judgment based on an observation (the overcast sky). +
-  * **Example 3:** (As an adverb: guessing someone's reason) +
-    * 他还没来，我**估计**他堵在路上了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā hái méi lái, wǒ **gūjì** tā dǔ zài lùshang le. +
-    * English: He's not here yet; I reckon he's stuck in traffic. +
-    * Analysis: This is a very common use case—making a reasonable assumption about someone else's situation. +
-  * **Example 4:** (As a verb: estimating time) +
-    * 你**估计**一下，我们开车到机场要多久？ +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ **gūjì** yíxià, wǒmen kāichē dào jīchǎng yào duōjiǔ? +
-    * English: Can you estimate how long it will take us to drive to the airport? +
-    * Analysis: The phrase **估计一下 (gūjì yíxià)** is a common way to soften a request, meaning "make a quick estimate." +
-  * **Example 5:** (As an adverb: making a prediction) +
-    * 这次考试这么难，我**估计**很多人都考不好。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè cì kǎoshì zhème nán, wǒ **gūjì** hěn duō rén dōu kǎo bù hǎo. +
-    * English: This exam is so difficult, I reckon a lot of people won't do well. +
-    * Analysis: The speaker is using their assessment of the difficulty to predict the outcome for others. +
-  * **Example 6:** (As an adverb: guessing about a negative outcome) +
-    * 你再不走，我**估计**就赶不上火车了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ zài bù zǒu, wǒ **gūjì** jiù gǎnbushàng huǒchē le. +
-    * English: If you don't leave now, I'm guessing you'll miss the train. +
-    * Analysis: **估计** here is used to express a likely negative consequence. +
-  * **Example 7:** (As a verb: estimating a quantity) +
-    * 我**估计**今天会来二十个客人。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ **gūjì** jīntiān huì lái èrshí ge kèrén. +
-    * English: I estimate that twenty guests will come today. +
-    * Analysis: A straightforward use of **估计** as a verb for estimating numbers. +
-  * **Example 8:** (As an adverb: self-correction) +
-    * 他为什么生气了？我**估计**是我说错话了。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā wèishénme shēngqì le? Wǒ **gūjì** shì wǒ shuō cuò huà le. +
-    * English: Why is he angry? I guess it's because I said something wrong. +
-    * Analysis: **估计** can be used for introspection or figuring out a personal mistake. +
-  * **Example 9:** (As an adverb: expressing doubt about a plan) +
-    * 这个计划听起来不错，但我**估计**执行起来会很难。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhège jìhuà tīngqǐlái búcuò, dàn wǒ **gūjì** zhíxíng qǐlái huì hěn nán. +
-    * English: This plan sounds good, but I reckon it will be very difficult to implement. +
-    * Analysis: This shows **估计** being used to voice a gentle, personal reservation or concern. +
-  * **Example 10:** (As a verb: formal context) +
-    * 专家**估计**，今年的经济增长率将在5%左右。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhuānjiā **gūjì**, jīnnián de jīngjì zēngzhǎng lǜ jiàng zài bǎi fēn zhī wǔ zuǒyòu. +
-    * English: Experts estimate that this year's economic growth rate will be around 5%. +
-    * Analysis: While common in conversation, **估计** is also perfectly acceptable in more formal contexts like news reports when citing an expert's estimate. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **估计 (gūjì) vs. 猜 (cāi):** Don't use **估计** for a pure, random guess. **猜 (cāi)** is for guessing without any basis, like in a game. +
-    * **Incorrect:** 我**估计**你心里想的数字是7。(I estimate the number you're thinking of is 7.) +
-    * **Correct:** 我**猜**你心里想的数字是7。(I guess the number you're thinking of is 7.) +
-    * **Rule of Thumb:** If it's a shot in the dark, use **猜 (cāi)**. If it's a reasoned judgment, use **估计 (gūjì)**. +
-  * **估计 (gūjì) vs. 大概 (dàgài):** This is a subtle but important difference. **估计** often emphasizes the speaker's personal calculation or judgment ("**I** reckon..."). **大概 (dàgài)** is slightly more objective, meaning "approximately" or "probably" based on general likelihood. +
-    * **Personal Judgment:** 我**估计**他今天不会来。(My personal feeling is he won't come.) +
-    * **Objective Probability:** 从这里到市中心，开车**大概**要一个小时。(From here to the city center, it's approximately a one-hour drive. - This is a general fact.) +
-    * While they can sometimes be interchangeable, using **估计** makes it sound more like your own personal take on the situation. +
-  * **Forgetting "我 (wǒ)":** When used as an adverb, **估计** is often preceded by "我 (wǒ)" to mean "**I** reckon..." While you can sometimes omit it (e.g., "**估计**要下雨了"), including "我" is very common and natural. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[大概]] (dàgài) - Probably; approximately. More objective and fact-based than the personal judgment of **估计**. +
-  * [[猜]] (cāi) - To guess. Used for random guesses or when there is very little information. +
-  * [[可能]] (kěnéng) - Possibly; maybe. Expresses a general possibility, often with less certainty than **估计**. +
-  * [[推测]] (tuīcè) - To infer; to speculate. A more formal and analytical word, suggesting a conclusion drawn from evidence. +
-  * [[预计]] (yùjì) - To forecast; to anticipate. More formal than **估计**, often used in official reports, weather forecasts, or project plans. +
-  * [[预算]] (yùsuàn) - Budget (noun); to budget (verb). A formal, pre-planned estimation of expenses. +
-  * [[差不多]] (chàbuduō) - Almost; about the same. Used for approximations and comparisons, often interchangeable with **大概**.+