博士

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博士 [2025/08/12 23:51] – created xiaoer博士 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== bóshì: 博士 - PhD, Doctor (academic) ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** 博士, boshi, Chinese for PhD, doctor in Chinese, Chinese academic titles, PhD in China, how to say doctor in Chinese, Chinese education system, doctorate degree in Chinese. +
-  * **Summary:** Discover the meaning of **博士 (bóshì)**, the Chinese term for a Ph.D. or a person holding a doctorate. This page explains its cultural significance in China, where education is highly revered, and clarifies how to use it as a formal title. Learn the crucial difference between a **博士 (bóshì)** (an academic doctor) and an **医生 (yīshēng)** (a medical doctor) to avoid common mistakes. +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** bóshì +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 5 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The highest academic degree (a doctorate or PhD) or a person who holds such a degree. +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** **博士 (bóshì)** is the Chinese equivalent of a "Ph.D." or "Doctorate." It represents the peak of academic achievement and carries immense social prestige. You can use it to refer to the degree itself (e.g., "studying for a Ph.D.") or as a respectful title for a person who has earned one (e.g., "Doctor Wang"). Crucially, it refers to an academic doctor, **not** a medical doctor. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **博 (bó):** This character means "extensive," "abundant," or "learned." It suggests a wide and deep range of knowledge. Think of it as representing vast learning. +
-  * **士 (shì):** This character originally referred to an ancient class of scholars or gentlemen officials. It carries connotations of intellect, refinement, and social standing. +
-  * Together, **博士 (bóshì)** literally translates to an "extensive scholar" or "learned gentleman," perfectly capturing the idea of someone who has achieved the highest level of specialized knowledge through rigorous study. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-In Chinese culture, heavily influenced by Confucian values, education is seen as one of the most important paths to success, respect, and social mobility. The **博士 (bóshì)** stands at the apex of this educational hierarchy. Earning a doctorate is a source of immense pride not just for the individual, but for their entire family, bringing honor and "face" (面子, miànzi). +
-While a Ph.D. is highly respected in the West, the use of **博士 (bóshì)** as a formal title in everyday professional and even social contexts is more common in China. It's similar to how one might formally address a professor in the West, but its use can extend more broadly. Addressing someone as **[Surname] + 博士** (e.g., **王博士, Wáng Bóshì**) is a sign of high respect that acknowledges their hard work, intelligence, and expertise. This reflects a cultural value that places a premium on scholarly achievement. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-The term **博士** is used frequently in academic and professional settings. +
-  * **As a Formal Title:** When addressing someone with a doctorate, it is very common and respectful to use their surname followed by **博士**. +
-    * e.g., `李博士，您好！ (Lǐ Bóshì, nín hǎo!)` - "Hello, Dr. Li!" +
-  * **Referring to Studies:** It's used to talk about the process of getting the degree. +
-    * `读博士 (dú bóshì)` - To study for a Ph.D. +
-    * `博士生 (bóshìshēng)` - A Ph.D. student or candidate. +
-    * `博士学位 (bóshì xuéwèi)` - A Ph.D. degree. +
-  * **Connotation:** The term is overwhelmingly positive. It implies intelligence, perseverance, expertise, and authority in a specific field. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 他是北京大学的**博士**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā shì Běijīng Dàxué de **bóshì**. +
-    * English: He is a Ph.D. from Peking University. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **博士** is used as a noun to identify a person's qualification or status. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 王**博士**，您的演讲非常精彩！ +
-    * Pinyin: Wáng **Bóshì**, nín de yǎnjiǎng fēicháng jīngcǎi! +
-    * English: Dr. Wang, your speech was absolutely brilliant! +
-    * Analysis: This shows the most common use of **博士** as a formal, respectful title combined with a surname. +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 我姐姐正在美国读**博士**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒ jiějiě zhèngzài Měiguó dú **bóshì**. +
-    * English: My older sister is currently studying for her Ph.D. in the United States. +
-    * Analysis: The phrase `读博士 (dú bóshì)` specifically means to be enrolled in and studying for a doctoral degree. +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 拿到**博士**学位很不容易，需要很多年的努力。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nádào **bóshì** xuéwèi hěn bù róngyì, xūyào hěn duō nián de nǔlì. +
-    * English: Getting a doctorate degree is not easy; it requires many years of hard work. +
-    * Analysis: `博士学位 (bóshì xuéwèi)` is the full term for the "Ph.D. degree" itself. +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 这位是新来的张**博士**，他是我们的技术顾问。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè wèi shì xīn lái de Zhāng **Bóshì**, tā shì wǒmen de jìshù gùwèn. +
-    * English: This is the newcomer, Dr. Zhang; he is our technical consultant. +
-    * Analysis: A common way to introduce someone in a professional setting, highlighting their credentials. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * 作为一个**博士生**，他每天都在实验室里待到很晚。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zuòwéi yí ge **bóshìshēng**, tā měitiān dōu zài shíyànshì lǐ dāi dào hěn wǎn. +
-    * English: As a Ph.D. student, he stays in the lab until very late every day. +
-    * Analysis: The term `博士生 (bóshìshēng)` specifically means "Ph.D. student." +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 他的**博士**论文研究的是人工智能。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā de **bóshì** lùnwén yánjiū de shì réngōng zhìnéng. +
-    * English: His doctoral dissertation is on artificial intelligence. +
-    * Analysis: **博士** can be used as an adjective to modify other nouns, like `论文 (lùnwén)` for "thesis" or "dissertation." +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 他三十岁就获得了化学**博士**学位。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā sānshí suì jiù huòdé le huàxué **bóshì** xuéwèi. +
-    * English: He obtained his Ph.D. in Chemistry at the age of thirty. +
-    * Analysis: This example shows how you can specify the field of study before the term **博士**. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 我们公司希望招聘几位**博士**来领导研发团队。 +
-    * Pinyin: Wǒmen gōngsī xīwàng zhāopìn jǐ wèi **bóshì** lái lǐngdǎo yánfā tuánduì. +
-    * English: Our company hopes to hire several Ph.D.s to lead the R&D team. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **博士** is used as a plural noun to refer to people with doctorates. The measure word `位 (wèi)` is used to show respect. +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * **博士**毕业后，他选择做**博士后**研究。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Bóshì** bìyè hòu, tā xuǎnzé zuò **bóshìhòu** yánjiū. +
-    * English: After graduating with his Ph.D., he chose to do post-doctoral research. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence introduces the related term `博士后 (bóshìhòu)`, which means "post-doc," a temporary research position taken after completing a Ph.D. +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-  * **The Biggest Mistake: Confusing Academic vs. Medical Doctor.** +
-    * A **博士 (bóshì)** is an academic doctor (Ph.D.). +
-    * A medical doctor is an **医生 (yīshēng)** or, more colloquially in northern China, **大夫 (dàifu)**. +
-    * While a medical doctor might also hold a Ph.D., their professional title is **医生 (yīshēng)**. You go to a hospital to see an **医生**, not a **博士**. +
-  * **Incorrect Usage:** +
-    * **Wrong:** `我生病了，需要去看一个**博士**。` (Wǒ shēngbìng le, xūyào qù kàn yí ge **bóshì**.) +
-    * **Why it's wrong:** This means "I'm sick, I need to go see a Ph.D." This would sound strange and incorrect. +
-    * **Correct:** `我生病了，需要去看**医生**。` (Wǒ shēngbìng le, xūyào qù kàn **yīshēng**.) +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  * [[医生]] (yīshēng) - A medical doctor. The most important distinction from **博士**. +
-  * [[硕士]] (shuòshì) - A Master's degree; the academic level just below a **博士**. +
-  * [[学士]] (xuéshì) - A Bachelor's degree; the academic level below a **硕士**. +
-  * [[学位]] (xuéwèi) - The general term for an "academic degree." +
-  * [[博士生]] (bóshìshēng) - A Ph.D. student; a person currently studying for their doctorate. +
-  * [[博士后]] (bóshìhòu) - A "post-doc" or postdoctoral researcher; a position taken after earning a **博士**. +
-  * [[教授]] (jiàoshòu) - A professor; a common profession for someone who holds a **博士** degree. +
-  * [[学者]] (xuézhě) - A scholar; a more general term for an intellectual or academic. +
-  * [[学历]] (xuélì) - Educational background; refers to one's entire record of formal schooling (e.g., high school, university). +
-  * [[专家]] (zhuānjiā) - An expert or specialist in a certain field. A **博士** is usually a **专家**.+