急诊

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急诊 [2025/08/05 19:59] – created xiaoer急诊 [Unknown date] (current) – removed - external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1
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-====== jízhěn: 急诊 - Emergency Room, ER ====== +
-===== Quick Summary ===== +
-  * **Keywords:** jízhěn, 急诊, emergency room in Chinese, Chinese ER, Chinese hospital emergency, emergency medical treatment China, what is jizhen, jizhen vs menzhen, 急診 (Traditional) +
-  * **Summary:** **急诊 (jízhěn)** is the essential Chinese word for the **Emergency Room (ER)** or Emergency Department in a hospital. Understanding **jízhěn** is crucial for any English speaker living in or traveling to China, as it's the specific place you must go for urgent medical care. This page explains what **急诊** means, how to navigate the process of visiting a Chinese ER, and distinguishes it from a regular doctor's visit (**门诊, ménzhěn**). +
-===== Core Meaning ===== +
-  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** jízhěn +
-  * **Part of Speech:** Noun +
-  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 +
-  * **Concise Definition:** The department in a hospital that provides immediate treatment for acute illnesses and trauma; the Emergency Room (ER). +
-  * **In a Nutshell:** Think of **急诊 (jízhěn)** as the specific place you go when something is seriously and suddenly wrong. It's not for a common cold or a routine check-up; it's for broken bones, sudden high fevers, accidents, or any medical crisis that requires immediate attention. The word itself carries a feeling of urgency and seriousness. +
-===== Character Breakdown ===== +
-  * **急 (jí):** This character means "urgent," "emergency," "fast," or "anxious." The bottom part is the heart radical (心, xīn), signifying a state of intense feeling or emotion. This perfectly captures the anxiety and time-sensitive nature of a medical emergency. +
-  * **诊 (zhěn):** This character means "to examine a patient" or "to diagnose." The radical on the left (讠, yán) is the "speech" radical, which relates to the process of a doctor asking questions to understand a patient's condition. +
-When combined, **急诊 (jízhěn)** literally translates to "urgent diagnosis" or "urgent examination," which is a perfect description of the function of an Emergency Room. +
-===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== +
-Visiting a **急诊 (jízhěn)** in China can be a significantly different experience from visiting an ER in a Western country like the United States. Understanding these differences is key to navigating a stressful situation. +
-The most striking difference is the concept of "pay-as-you-go." In many Chinese hospitals, you must register (**挂号, guàhào**) and pay a fee **before** you can see a doctor. After the initial consultation, the doctor will order tests (like an X-ray or blood work), and you will likely have to go to a payment counter to pay for those tests **before** they are administered. This is a stark contrast to the common American "treat now, bill later" model and can be a shock to unprepared foreigners. +
-Another major difference is the role of family. Family members are often expected to be much more hands-on, from fetching test results and buying medicine from the hospital pharmacy to providing basic care for the patient. Chinese emergency rooms are also famously crowded and potentially chaotic (**热闹, rènao**, though in a stressful way). The principle of lining up (**排队, páiduì**) is paramount for everything from registration to getting a blood test. While the medical care itself is often excellent, the process requires patience and a proactive approach. +
-===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== +
-You will encounter the word **急诊 (jízhěn)** in several key contexts: +
-  * **Hospital Signage:** All hospitals will have signs with the characters **急诊** or **急诊科 (jízhēnkē)**, often with an arrow, directing you to the Emergency Department. It is usually in a separate, clearly marked entrance. +
-  * **Asking for Directions:** If you are in a taxi or asking for help, this is the word you need. "师傅，请带我们去最近的医院**急诊**。" (Shīfu, qǐng dài wǒmen qù zuìjìn de yīyuàn **jízhěn**.) - "Driver, please take us to the nearest hospital's ER." +
-  * **Describing the Process:** The entire ER experience revolves around this term. You go to the **急诊挂号处 (jízhěn guàhào chù)** to register, see the **急诊医生 (jízhěn yīshēng)** for diagnosis, and get treatment in the **急诊室 (jízhěn shì)**. +
-The term itself is neutral and functional. It's a standard medical term used by everyone, from doctors and nurses to patients and their families, in both formal and informal contexts. +
-===== Example Sentences ===== +
-  * **Example 1:** +
-    * 请问，**急诊**在哪里？ +
-    * Pinyin: Qǐngwèn, **jízhěn** zài nǎlǐ? +
-    * English: Excuse me, where is the emergency room? +
-    * Analysis: This is the most basic and vital phrase you might need in a hospital. It's a polite and direct way to ask for directions. +
-  * **Example 2:** +
-    * 他吃错东西了，我们得送他去**急诊**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā chī cuò dōngxi le, wǒmen děi sòng tā qù **jízhěn**. +
-    * English: He ate something bad, we have to take him to the ER. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence shows how **jízhěn** is used as the destination for a medical emergency. The verb used is "送" (sòng), which means "to send" or "to take someone to." +
-  * **Example 3:** +
-    * 昨天晚上，我陪朋友在**急诊**待了一夜。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zuótiān wǎnshang, wǒ péi péngyou zài **jízhěn** dài le yí yè. +
-    * English: I stayed with my friend in the emergency room all night yesterday. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence describes being physically located "in the ER." The verb "待" (dāi) means "to stay." +
-  * **Example 4:** +
-    * 发生车祸后，救护车把他直接送到了**急诊**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Fāshēng chēhuò hòu, jiùhùchē bǎ tā zhíjiē sòngdào le **jízhěn**. +
-    * English: After the car accident, the ambulance took him directly to the ER. +
-    * Analysis: This example shows the connection between an ambulance (**救护车, jiùhùchē**) and the ER. The 把 (bǎ) structure emphasizes the disposal of the object (him). +
-  * **Example 5:** +
-    * 你这个情况不严重，不用去**急诊**，去门诊挂个号就行。 +
-    * Pinyin: Nǐ zhège qíngkuàng bù yánzhòng, búyòng qù **jízhěn**, qù ménzhěn guà ge hào jiù xíng. +
-    * English: Your situation isn't serious, you don't need to go to the ER, just go register at the outpatient clinic. +
-    * Analysis: This is a crucial sentence demonstrating the difference between **急诊 (jízhěn)** and **门诊 (ménzhěn)** (outpatient clinic). This is very common advice given by hospital staff. +
-  * **Example 6:** +
-    * **急诊**的医生和护士都非常忙。 +
-    * Pinyin: **Jízhěn** de yīshēng hé hùshi dōu fēicháng máng. +
-    * English: The doctors and nurses in the ER are all extremely busy. +
-    * Analysis: Here, **jízhěn** acts as a descriptor for the doctors and nurses, specifying their workplace. +
-  * **Example 7:** +
-    * 去**急诊**看病需要先挂号付费。 +
-    * Pinyin: Qù **jízhěn** kànbìng xūyào xiān guàhào fùfèi. +
-    * English: To see a doctor in the ER, you first need to register and pay. +
-    * Analysis: This sentence explains a key part of the process in a Chinese ER, highlighting the "pay first" cultural norm. "看病" (kànbìng) is the general term for "seeing a doctor." +
-  * **Example 8:** +
-    * 孩子半夜发高烧，我们赶紧去了**急诊**。 +
-    * Pinyin: Háizi bànyè fā gāoshāo, wǒmen gǎnjǐn qù le **jízhěn**. +
-    * English: Our child had a high fever in the middle of the night, so we rushed to the ER. +
-    * Analysis: The adverb "赶紧" (gǎnjǐn - hurriedly, quickly) pairs well with going to the **jízhěn**, emphasizing the urgency. +
-  * **Example 9:** +
-    * 这家医院的**急诊科**是24小时开放的。 +
-    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā yīyuàn de **jízhēnkē** shì èrshísì xiǎoshí kāifàng de. +
-    * English: This hospital's Emergency Department is open 24 hours. +
-    * Analysis: This introduces the more formal term **急诊科 (jízhēnkē)**, which is often seen on official signs and documents. "科" (kē) means "department." +
-  * **Example 10:** +
-    * 他的腿摔断了，正在**急诊**室里接受治疗。 +
-    * Pinyin: Tā de tuǐ shuāi duàn le, zhèngzài **jízhěn**shì lǐ jiēshòu zhìliáo. +
-    * English: His leg is broken, and he is receiving treatment in the emergency room right now. +
-    * Analysis: This uses the word **急诊室 (jízhěnshì)**, which refers to the physical room(s) of the ER. "室" (shì) means "room." +
-===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== +
-The single most important nuance for a learner to understand is the difference between **急诊 (jízhěn)** and **门诊 (ménzhěn)**. +
-  *   **急诊 (jízhěn):** Emergency Room. For sudden, acute, life-threatening, or severe issues (e.g., heart attack, broken bone, major injury, uncontrolled bleeding, sudden high fever in a baby). +
-  *   **门诊 (ménzhěn):** Outpatient Clinic/Department. For everything else. This is where you go for a common cold, a prescription refill, a routine check-up, a skin rash, or any non-emergency medical consultation. +
-**Common Mistake:** Going to the **急诊 (jízhěn)** for a non-emergency. If you show up at the ER with a simple cold, the triage nurse will almost certainly tell you to go to the **门诊 (ménzhěn)** instead. This will waste valuable time, as the registration systems are often separate. +
-**False Friend Alert:** While **急诊 (jízhěn)** translates to "Emergency Room," you cannot use it as an adjective in the same way as "emergency" in English. +
-  *   **Incorrect:** 这是一个**急诊**情况。 (Zhè shì yí ge **jízhěn** qíngkuàng.) +
-  *   **Correct:** 这是一个**紧急**情况。 (Zhè shì yí ge **jǐnjí** qíngkuàng.) - "This is an **urgent/emergency** situation." +
-**急诊 (jízhěn)** refers specifically to the place (the ER department), while **紧急 (jǐnjí)** is the adjective used to describe a situation. +
-===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== +
-  *   [[门诊]] (ménzhěn) - Outpatient Department. The counterpart to the ER for non-urgent issues. +
-  *   [[挂号]] (guàhào) - To register (at a hospital). This is the first step in both the **急诊** and **门诊**. +
-  *   [[紧急]] (jǐnjí) - Urgent, Emergency (adjective). Describes a situation that requires a visit to the **急诊**. +
-  *   [[救护车]] (jiùhùchē) - Ambulance. The vehicle that takes patients to the **急诊**. +
-  *   [[看病]] (kànbìng) - To see a doctor. The general activity for which one would go to a hospital. +
-  *   [[急救]] (jíjiù) - First aid; emergency medical treatment. This refers to the *action* of providing emergency care, whereas **急诊** refers to the *place*. +
-  *   [[住院]] (zhùyuàn) - To be hospitalized; to be admitted to the hospital. Often the next step after being stabilized in the **急诊**. +
-  *   [[医生]] (yīshēng) - Doctor. The professional you see in the **急诊**. +
-  *   [[护士]] (hùshi) - Nurse. Another key professional in the **急诊**. +
-  *   [[急诊科]] (jízhēnkē) - Emergency Department. The more formal and complete name for **急诊**.+